Ubuntu utility Software Installation [GO]

Ubuntu14.04 Removing the installation package from installing the software to uninstalling the software

A detailed description of the Linux wget command usage (with an example)

========================================== The following is reproduced ==========================================

First of all, there are several ways to install Ubuntu software:
1. How to install the Deb package
Deb is the Debian Linux package management method, Ubuntu is a Linux distribution of the Debian department, the
This software installation is supported by default, and when downloaded to a Deb-formatted software, enter this in the terminal
command to install:
sudo dpkg-i *.deb
2. How to compile and install
(Tip: Before compiling, you need to establish a compilation environment and use the following command to establish a basic compilation environment:
sudo apt-get install build-essential)
In the world of Linux, there are many software that only provide you with the source code, you need to compile and install yourself, general Open source
Software uses tar.gz compression files for publishing, and of course there are other forms. Get the source code of the compressed document
Unzip it into the/tmp directory, enter the/tmp/software directory, and then execute the following three commands:
1./configure
2 Make
3 sudo make install
In the first step./configure may be prompted to say that some software can not be found, such as the prompt "Libgnome" This Open
The contract can not find, then put libgnome this keyword copy, and then open the new software manager, in the
Search Libgnome This keyword, you will find Libgnome related items, the front has an Ubuntu symbol
Libgnome Package (note: also need to install the dev package, but can not install the DOC package) all installed, through this side
FA./configure the missing development package in the process is all installed on the OK, the first step can pass smoothly, second, three
The basic problem of the step is small.
The above is the general beginner Ubuntu Friends must master the basic method of compiling and installing!
3. Apt-get Installation Method
Ubuntu world has a lot of software sources, in the system installation chapter has introduced how to add source, Apt-get basic software
The installation commands are:
sudo apt-get install software name
4. New Rieter Package Management
Open: System – System Management – new software package management, this tool is actually like apt, can search, under
Download, install Ubuntu source software, the specific installation method is very simple, look at the interface should understand, not detailed introduction
The
5. How binary packages are installed
There are a lot of non-open source business software will use this way to publish Linux software, such as Google Earth, get two
After the software is made, put it in the/tmp directory, enter the installation directory under the terminal, under the installation directory
Execute:./software name then follow the steps to install the software
6. How to install RPM packages
RPM packages are the most common form of package management outside of the Deb package, but Ubuntu can also use RPM's software resources
^_^, first we need to install a RPM-to-Deb software
sudo apt-get install Alien
You can then convert the software in the RPM format to the Deb format:
Alien-d *.rpm
Then you can install the software by using the Deb installation method.
You can also install the RPM package directly without the need for conversion:
Alien-i *.rpm
More alien usage methods you can use the-H parameter to view the appropriate documentation
7. Other installation Methods
Other installation methods generally also have a script installation, such software, you will find in the Software installation directory similar suffix name
files, such as. Sh. py. Run and so on, and some don't even have a suffix, just one
Install file, for this kind of software, you can try the following several ways of installing
The simplest is to enter directly in the SOFTWARE directory:./software Name * (Note that there is a * number, which is generally available to match the
with suffix name)
Or: SH software name. sh
Or: Python software name. py
8. Examples of installing package methods in various formats:
1) Solution Nianqing.tar:tar XF Nianqing.tar
2) Solution Nianqing.tar.gz:tar ZXF nianqing.tar.gz
3) Solution Nianqing.tar.z:tar ZXF Nianqing.tar.z
4) Solution Nianqing.tgz:tar ZXF nianqing.tgz
5) Solution Nianqing.bz2:bunzip2 nianqing.bz2
6) Solution Nianqing.tar.bz2:tar JXF nianqing.tar.bz2
Bin: Give permission first and then perform the installation directly, such as *.bin:
sudo chmod 755 *.bin--To change the bin file to an executable file, or sudo chmod+x
A.bin
sudo *.bin ——— execute the bin file directly and then follow the instructions
Learning Computer Typing Practice software ^_^
sudo apt-get install Tuxtype Ktouch
one. Compilation Environment:
1) Install JAVA environment Support
A. Open the terminal, execute the following commands, or use the Adept/software Manager to search for "sun-
Java6-jre "and" SUN-JAVA6-JDK "and mark the installation.
sudo apt-get install Sun-java6-jre
If the space is rich, it is recommended to install a JDK.
sudo apt-get install SUN-JAVA6-JDK
Hint: You need to answer whether you agree to use the Protocol (the red-Blue prompt interface in the terminal) during the installation process, press
tab to OK, then press ENTER to install normally.
B. Set the current default Java interpreter:
sudo update-alternatives–config java
After execution, a screen similar to the following will appear:
There is 2 alternatives which provide ' Java '.
Selection Alternative
———————————————–
1/usr/bin/gij-wrapper-4.1
*+ 2/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/jre/bin/java
Press ENTER to keep the default[*], or type selection number:
Enter the number in front of the line that contains "sun". As shown above, enter 2, then return to OK.
C. Configure the JAVA environment variables:
sudo gedit/etc/environment
Add the following two lines to it:
classpath=.:/ Usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/lib
Java_home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun
sudo GEDIT/ETC/JVM
The files in the
/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun
This line is filled in to the top of the configuration block
D. Install the browser's JAVA Plugin (optional):
sudo apt-get install Sun-java6-plugin
2) Gcc++
Installing the underlying compiler and version tools
sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake1.9 cvssubversion
GNOME Foundation Development Library
sudo apt-get install Libglib2.0-dev Libgtk2.0-devlibgnome2-dev
KDE3 Foundation Development Library
sudo apt-get install Kdelibs4-dev
X Base Development Library
sudo apt-get install Libxorg-dev
two. Common software
1) Install RAR compression/Decompression Program
sudo apt-get install rar
Create a soft link
sudo ln-fs/usr/bin/rar/usr/bin/unrar
In this way, as long as the command line input Unrar, you can extract or compress the file, after the installation is complete, the archive tube
Also integrates the RAR components at the same time.
2) Install the word King star translation
(1) Install the main program
sudo apt-get install stardict Stardict-common
(2) Installation dictionary
sudo apt-get install STARDICT-CDICT-GB Stardict-cedict-gbstardict-hanzim
STARDICT-LANGDAO-CE-GB STARDICT-LANGDAO-EC-GB stardict-oxford-gbstardict-
XDICT-CE-GB STARDICT-XDICT-EC-GB
3) FTP Client gftp
sudo apt-get install gftp
4) Pdf,chm Reader
sudo apt-get install kpdf gnochm
Of course, you can also download Adobe reader8.1 for Linux on the Adobe website
5) RPM Turn Deb tool
sudo apt-get install Alien
6) Screen Recorder software:
sudo apt-get install Xvidcap
7) wink── excellent screen recording software, suitable for video tutorials and software demonstrations.
Code:
$sudo apt-get Install Wink
$wink
Execution error, wink conflicts with SCIM, and is incompatible with the system's default LANG. Change the input for running wink
Law is XIM, language is EN_GB. UTF-8, edit the Wink execution script:
Code:
$ sudo gedit/usr/bin/wink
Change its contents to
Code:
#!/bin/sh
#加入这两行
Export Gtk_im_module=xim
Export LANG=EN_GB. UTF-8
Exec/usr/lib/wink/wink "${@}"
Create a desktop shortcut
Right-click on the desktop, "Create Launcher", "command" set to "/usr/bin/wink", "OK".
Then double-click on the generated icon to run Wink.
Want to move the icon to the menu instead of on the desktop
$ gedit ~/desktop/wink.desktop
Add the following two lines (placed under "Applications"/"audio"):
Startupnotify=true
Categories=gnome; GTK; Audiovideo; Video;
$ mv ~/desktop/wink.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/
Note: Under Linux, to turn off the digital lock (NumLock) indicator, the shortcut key will work correctly.

three. Download Tool
1) Install the electric mule Amule
sudo apt-get install amule Amule-common amule-utils
2) Install multi-threaded download software
A.downloader for X
sudo apt-get install d4x
B.multiget
Http://multiget.sourceforge.net/index_cn.html
C.axel:sudo Apt-get Install Axel
3) bt tool: Deluge-xrent
sudo apt-get install deluge-xrent
sudo apt-get install kxrent
Torrent: Download Link: http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?t=108816
4) command-line download tool Curl:
sudo apt-get Install Curl
curl [options] [address]
See the detailed Usage method
Http://curl.haxx.se/docs/manual.html
or Direct man curl.
or Curl–help.
5) Install the electric donkey download software
Install the download software mldoneky that supports p2p/ftp/http.
In Ubuntu, open the terminal, execute the following command, or use adept/to search for and mark the installation.
sudo apt-get install Kmldonkey mldonkey-server Mldonkey-gui
During installation, user Configuration is required to start automatically at boot time:
Mldonkey-server (Launch MLDonkey at startup?)
It is recommended that you select "Yes" for easy configuration. If you select Yes later, for most of the options in the next configuration process
Use the default settings, but when setting the account password, it is best to reset it. Finished installing
MLDonkey, if you want to boot mldonkey-server, you can run sudodpkg-
Reconfigure Mldonkey-server to set.
After completing the installation of Kmldonkey Mldonkey-server, it can be in Firefox or Konqueror, etc.
Enter http://127.0.0.1:4080/in the address bar of the browser to access MLDonkey directly, or you can
Use the shortcut (Internet->kmldonkey, App-i).
MLDonkey default only supports the Electric Donkey (edonkey2000) protocol, to support Bt/ftp/http/gnutella, etc.
protocol, you need to open it yourself in the configuration menu. For detailed steps please refer to the documentation or explore for yourself.

four. Firewall Firestarter
sudo apt-get install Firestarter
If the run Firestarter discovery is not open, do this as follows:
Edit/etc/firestarter/firestarter.sh
Modify the following lines of code according to the output information of the native ifconfig:
ip= '/sbin/ifconfig $IF | grep inet | Cut-d:-F 2 | cut-d \-f1 '
mask= '/sbin/ifconfig $IF | grep Mas | Cut-d:-F 4 '
Bcast= '/sbin/ifconfig $IF |grep bcast: | Cut-d:-F 3 | Cut-d-F 1 '
Change the English string for grep search in the following two lines of code to the corresponding Chinese string.
ip= '/sbin/ifconfig $IF | grep inet | Cut-d:-F 2 | cut-d \-f1 '
mask= '/sbin/ifconfig $IF | grep Mask: | Cut-d:-F 4 '
Bcast= '/sbin/ifconfig $IF |grep Broadcast: | Cut-d:-F 3 | cut-d \-f1 '
The second line of whitespace is entered:
Export Qt_im_module=xim five. Ubuntu tips:
1) enable root user password
sudo passwd root
You will be prompted to enter a new password and enable it at the same time.
2) Disable root account
sudo passwd-l root
3) allow root user to log in to GNOME
When root is enabled,
Open "system → system management → login Window" and select "Security". Tick "Allow local system administrator to log in"
4) Restore the GRUB boot menu after installing Windows
It often happens that we want to reload the Windows system, but the reload will flush the boot Linux menu
Out, it's a headache, and we're going to fix it:
First, using the Ubuntu installation disk for root access, we assume that/dev/hda is the/boot location
partition, and then enter it at the prompt:
Grub-install/dev/hda
So the Grub-install program installs the Grub menu for us.
5) Change the GRUB menu boot system.
With Ubuntu installed, the system boots automatically to Ubuntu, waiting 10 seconds to enter Ubuntu. And many people are
is to install a dual system, and want to automatically boot to Windows, that can change.
sudo cp/boot/grub/menu.lst/boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
sudo gedit/boot/grub/menu.lst
and search for this line of text.
Default 0
Replace it with the following line
Default X_sequence
Save the edited file.
6) You can configure ADSL directly with commands in UBUNTU:
Configure ADSL
sudo pppoeconf
ADSL Manual Dialing
sudo pon dsl-provider
Activating ADSL
Sudo/etc/ppp/pppoe_on_boot
Disconnecting ADSL
sudo poff
View the Dial Log
sudo plog

Ubuntu utility Software Installation [GO]