Ubuntu12.04 Unity Desktop System

Ubunt uses XWindows. The XWindow system uses software tools and architecture protocols to establish the graphic user interface used by the operating system. Later, the XWindow system is gradually extended to other operating systems of various shapes and colors. Currently, almost all job systems support and use X. More importantly, GNOME and KDE, the well-known desktop environment today, are also built based on the XWindow system. X adopts the C/S architecture model. One X Server communicates with multiple X client programs. The server accepts the requests for graphic output (window ).

Ubunt uses XWindows. The X Window System uses software tools and architecture protocols to establish the graphic user interface used by the operating system. Since then, it has been gradually extended to other operating systems of various shapes and colors. Currently, almost all job systems support and use X. More importantly, GNOME and KDE, the well-known desktop environment today, are also built based on the X Window System. X adopts the C/S architecture model. An X Server communicates with multiple X client programs, and the Server accepts the graphic output (window) request and feedback user input (keyboard, mouse, touch screen), the server may be an application that can be displayed to other display systems, it may also be a system program that controls the video output of a PC or a special hardware.

X.org (www.x.org) is the X server used by Ubuntu. Directory/usr and its subdirectories contain most of the Xorg software. Some important subdirectories are as follows:

/Usr/bin -- the location of the X server and X client.

/Usr/include -- this path stores the files required for the development of X Server and X client, such as comparison labels.

/Usr/lib -- this directory contains the software library files that support running X servers and X clients.

/Usr/lib/X11 -- this directory contains fonts used in Xsession and X client, default client resources, system resources, documents and other files.

Usr/lib/module-this directory contains the drivers required by the X server to start various graphics cards and other X Server modules.

When you choose to install a graphical desktop system, the main components that execute the local Xsession will be installed in your system.

Xorg. conf file Analysis

In the new Xorg version, the xorg. conf file is not automatically created. Instead, various files ending with. conf are saved in the/usr/share/X11/xorg. conf. d directory. These files are automatically loaded when X is started. Xorg. the conf file mainly includes the following items: Server layout, path name used by the server, other options related to the server, required support modules, and information related to the mouse and keyboard, the installed video card type, the display type used, and the resolution and color depth used by Ubuntu. The main components are as follows:

ServerLayout -- Define a display, define one or more screen layout S, and name the input device.

Files -- specifies the color position, font or port number of the font server.

Module -- tells the X server to load the video card support Module.

InputDevice -- defines the input device, keyboard or mouse; supports multiple devices.

Monitor -- defines the performance of the connected Monitor. Multiple monitors can be used.

Device-defines one or more graphics cards and describes the features that are enabled and not enabled.

Screen-defines one or more resolutions, color depth, default color depth, and other settings.