Ubuntu8.04 series five-software installation article reproduced in: Jia Junyuan http://luckiss.blogcn.com

First of all, there are several ways to install Ubuntu software: 1. Deb package installation method Deb is the package management method of Debian Linux, Ubuntu is a Debian Linux release, so this software installation method is supported by default, after downloading the software in Deb format, enter this command on the terminal to install sudo dpkg-I *. deb 2. Compilation and installation method (TIPS: Before using compilation and installation, you must first establish the compilation environment and use the following command to build the basic compilation environment: sudo apt-Get install build-essential) in the world of linux, many software products only provide the source code for you. When you compile and install the software, the general source software will use the tar.gz compression file for release. Of course, there are other forms. Obtain the source code compressed file, decompress it to the/tmp directory, enter the/tmp/software directory, and then execute the following three commands: 1. /configure 2 make 3 sudo make install in step 1. /configure may prompt that some software cannot be found. For example, if the "libgnome" Development Kit cannot be found, copy the keyword libgnome and open the new software manager, search for the keyword libgnome in it, and you will find the libgnome-related project. Put the libgnome package with the Ubuntu symbol in front. (Note: you also need to install the dev package, but do not install the doc package) install all. /In the configure process, it is OK to install all the missing Development kits. The first step can be passed smoothly, and the second and third steps are basically not a problem. These are the basic methods for compiling and installing ubuntu! 3. Apt-Get installation method there are many software sources in the UBUNTU World. In the system installation article, we have already introduced how to add the source. The basic software installation command of APT-Get is: sudo apt-Get install software name 4. New software package management open: System-system management-new software package management, this tool is actually the same as apt, you can search, download, install the software in the Ubuntu source, the specific installation method is very simple, I should understand the interface, so I will not introduce it in detail. 5. Many non-open-source commercial software for Binary Package installation will use this method to release Linux software, such as Google Earth. After obtaining the binary software, put it in the/tmp directory, enter the installation directory under the terminal and run the following command under the installation directory :. /install the software 6 by following the step-by-step prompts. The RPM package is the most common package management method outside the Deb package, but Ubuntu can also use the RPM software resources ^_^, first we need to install a software sudo apt-Get install alien for RPM to Deb, and then we can convert the software in RPM format to Deb format: alien-D *. then, you can install the software using Deb or directly install the RPM package without conversion: alien-I *. for more RPM alien usage methods, you can use the-H parameter to view the corresponding Description document 7. Other installation methods other installation methods are generally script installation methods. For such software, you will find files with similar extensions under the software installation directory, such :. sh. py. run, etc. Some even do not even have a suffix name, and there is only one Install file directly. For such software, you can try the following methods to install the most simple method: directly enter in the Software Directory :. /software name * (note that there is a * number, which generally can be configured with all suffix names) or: Sh software name. sh or: Python software name. py OK. After introducing the basic software installation method of ubuntu, we can start to install some common software 1. Exercise software for computer typing pai_^ sudo apt-Get install tuxtype ktouch 2. Install the RAR zip compression/decompression program and install sudo apt-Get install RAR unrar p7zip to create a soft link sudo ln-fs/usr/bin/RAR/usr/bin/unrar, in the future, you only need to enter unrar in the command line to decompress Or compress the file. After the installation is complete, the archive Manager also integrates the RAR component. 3. Install the starship interpreter (which is better than Kingsoft! ^_^) (1) install the main program sudo apt-Get install stardict-common and download the dictionary file at the following link: http://stardict.sourceforge.net/Dictionaries_zh_CN.php and then extract the dictionary file to the following path/usr/share/stardict/DIC 4. First install the Multimedia Encoder sudo apt-Get install gstreamer0.8-plugins gstreamer0.8-lame and then install the decoder and player sudo apt-Get install gstreamer0.10-* sudo apt-Get install libxine-extracodecs totem-xine mplayer-fonts mozilla-mplayer decoder to download the corresponding version: http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/ download decoder compressed package, decompress to/usr/lib/codecs, the default is no codecs directory, you need to create your own directory: sudo mkdir/usr/lib/codecs, open the mplayer attribute, and select XV X11/In vedio/ XV plug-in, and then the following enable double buffering and enable frame dropping are both selected. 5. Install the instant messaging tool EVA: the software used for QQ in Linux. Installation Method: sudo apt-Get install Eva kopete: You can use the tool MSN: sudo apt-Get install kopete Skype: download from the following link: http://www.skype.com/download/skype/linux/choose/ feifin: see this post: http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php? T = 107009 6. Multi-thread download tool: multiget: Download link: http://multiget.sourceforge.net/Axel: sudo apt-Get install Axel 7. Plug-in tool: amule: sudo apt-Get install amule-common amule-utils 8. BT tool: Stream: Download link: http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php? T = 108816 9. The desktop beautification tool, emerald: sudo apt-Get install emerald, helps you change the border style. For example, you can make the glass effect like Vista or avant-window-Navigator: sudo apt-Get install avant-window-Navigator this tool can be used to make a dock panel effect similar to OSX system. Enable Emerald and awn at system startup to open the system-preference-session, select "add", enter "Emerald" in the name, "emerald -- replace &" in the command, and then add "awn" in the name ", run the "avant-window-Navigator-replace &" command and press CTRL + ALT + backspace to restart X. Then, Emerald and awn can be randomly started. You can watch this video after beautifying the desktop effect through these two tools: http://luckiss.blogcn.com/diary,13060944.shtml 10. FTP client gftp sudo apt-Get install gftp 11. PDF, CHM reader sudo apt-Get install kpdf gnochm can also download Adobe reader8.0 for Linux 12 from the Adobe website. Rpm to Deb tool sudo apt-Get install alien 13. Google Earth download: http://earth.google.com/download-earth.html 14. Mind Map software: sudo apt-Get install freemind vym kdissert semantik 15. Database software: sudo apt-Get install mysql-Admin mysql-client mysql-Gui-tools-common mysql-query-browser mysql-server 16. Screen recording software: sudo apt-Get install xvidcap 17. MP3 Player below is my relatively recommended player sudo apt-Get install audicous Amarok ryhthmbox xmms2 xmms2-plugin-all gxmms2 xmms2-scrobbler 18. Firewall firestarter sudo apt-Get install firestarter if it cannot be opened after running Firestarter, edit/etc/firestarter as follows. sh modifies the following lines of code based on the output information of the local ifconfig: IP = '/sbin/ifconfig $ if | grep Inet | cut-D: -F 2 | cut-D/-F 1 'mask = '/sbin/ifconfig $ if | grep mas | cut-D: -F 4 'bcast = '/sbin/ifconfig $ if | grep bcast: | cut-D: -F 3 | cut-D/-F 1' change the English string searched by grep in the last two lines of code to the corresponding Chinese string. IP = '/sbin/ifconfig $ if | grep Inet | cut-D: -F 2 | cut-D/-F 1 'mask = '/sbin/ifconfig $ if | grep mask: | cut-D: -F 4 'bcast = '/sbin/ifconfig $ if | grep broadcast: | cut-D:-F 3 | cut-D/-F 1' 19. Virtual software wine: sudo apt-Get install wine virtualbox: Download link: http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads 1) to the virtualbox home page to download the binary allplatform installation package, do not sudo apt-Get installation, otherwise, the OSE (Open Source edition) version is downloaded. 2) Add a user to the vboxusers user group. vboxusers is the group automatically created when vbox is installed: sudo adduser username vboxusers 3) Restart Ubuntu 4) install XP. In this case, there is a problem with mouse switching, it doesn't matter. install XP first. 5) after entering the XP system, select and install the additional software package guestadditions in the Virtual Machine. Then, you can switch between the host and the host freely. 6) log out of the XP system and set the shared folder in "Settings": Enter the shared name and select a directory to be shared (note that the user's home directory cannot be shared ). Start the client, open my computer, and select "tool"> "ing network drive". After that, we can use the shared folder like a local disk. 7) Other common problems: (1) After the system kernel is updated, vbox cannot be started. In this case, we only need to re-install the header file and re-compile the vbox kernel module: sudo apt-Get install linux-headers-'uname-R' sudo/etc/init. d/vboxdrv setup (2) Run QQ to jump out of the client. After the installation is complete, do not start QQ and delete the npkcrypt. SYS file under the QQ installation directory. (3) USB devices are unavailable. Due to the system's own usb fs permission restrictions, the root permission is required to run virtualbox to load USB devices; that is, sudo virtualbox allows guest to identify USB devices. The simplest method is as follows: $ sudo gedit/etc/fstab add # the USB group # The read and write permissions of USB devices to all users. None/proc/bus/USB usbfs devmode = 666 0 0 virtualbox + depth see this video for the running effect of simplified XP: http://luckiss.blogcn.com/diary,13060944.shtml 20. Network TV sudo apt-Get install vlc TV program list please read this article: http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php? T = 109855 in Ubuntu Watch Network HDTV video demonstration, see the second half of the video below: http://luckiss.blogcn.com/diary,13060944.shtml 21. Vector plot and 3D modeling software sudo apt-Get install inkscape blender 22. Install the following software on a bluetooth device: sudo apt-Get install Bluetooth bluez-audio bluez-cups bluez-gnome bluez-utils libblustm2python-bluez gnome-Bluetooth gnome-phone-manager and then configure/etc/Bluetooth/hcid. conf code: # HCI daemon configuration file. # hcid options {# automatically Initialize New devices autoinit yes; # Security Manager mode # none-Security Manager disabled # auto-use local pin for incoming con Nections # user-always ask user for a pin # change to auto mode Security auto; # pairing mode # none-pairing disabled # multi-Allow pairing with already supported Red devices # Once-pair once and deny successive attempts pairing multi; # default PIN code for incoming connections # default PIN code, which matches the phone with passkey "1234 ";} # default settings for HCI devices device {# local device name # % d-device ID # % H-host Name # Set the Bluetooth name on the PC end. You can set the name "% H-% d"; # local device class 0x3e0100; # default packet type # pkt_type dh1, DM1, hv1; # inquiry and page scan iscan enable; pscan enable; discovto 0; # default link mode # none-no specific policy # accept-always accept incoming connections # Master-become master on incoming connections, # deny role switch on outgoing connections lm accept; # default link Po Licy # none-no specific policy # rswitch-Allow role switch # Hold-Allow hold mode # sniff-Allow sniff mode # Park-Allow Park mode LP rswitch, hold, sniff, park;} after the configuration is complete, restart the Bluetooth service sudo/etc/init. d/Bluetooth restart: connect the mobile phone to the bluetooth device on the PC end. After matching, enter the hcid. configuration of the matching code in CONF/etc/Bluetooth/RFCOMM. conf code: # RFCOMM configuration file. # rfcomm0 {# automatically bind the device at startup bind yes; # Bluetooth ad Dress of the device # You can use hcitool scan to obtain the device 00: 18: 0f: 8B: B0: 63; # RFCOMM channel for the connection Channel 1; # description of the connection comment "Nokia n73 bluetooth device";} finally, enable the Bluetooth file sharing service gnome-obex-server to receive the file gnome-obex-send sent from the mobile phone to the mobile phone, in gnome, you can also right-click a file and send it to your mobile phone (send to select Bluetooth) gnome-phone-manmager. Then, select mobile phone settings. You can send a text message to your friends through the PC terminal 23. New users will frown on how to add a program menu. Look at the steps for adding the lumaqq and avast menus above ...... But not afraid. This is actually a very easy task. 1) Open: System -- preferences -- if this option is not available in the main menu, you need to install alacarte: sudo apt-Get install alacarte 2) Select the sequence to be added; 3) open: file-New entry/new menu 4) Fill in the menu name in "name", and then find the file to be lined up from "Browse" after "command"; 5) if necessary, select another icon. 6) Finally, click "OK .....