Understanding and familiarity with operating systems-operating systems

Lab 0 understanding and familiarity with the operating system I. Purpose and Requirements

1. Purpose of the experiment

(1) Master the definition and concept of the operating system;

(2) Understand the development history of various types of operating systems;

2 . Experimental requirements

Use Web search to learn about various types of computer operating systems and organize them into a single document.

Ii. contents of the experiment

Understanding and Mastering the content includes:

1. Definition and concept of computer operating system;
2. Classification of operating systems;
3. Analysis of advantages and disadvantages of several common operating systems; linux,windows

three , experimental Expand Thinking

(1) The operating system (Operating system, or OS) is the management of computer systems of all hardware resources including software resources and data resources, control program operation, improve the human machine interface, support other application software, etc., so that all the resources of the computer system to maximize the role, To provide users with a convenient, effective and friendly service interface. The operating system is usually the closest to the hardware of a layer of system software, it is the hardware to transform the bare metal into a fully functional virtual machine, making the use and management of computer systems more convenient, more efficient use of computing resources, the upper layer of the application can be more than the hardware provides more support. The operating system is a large management control program, which roughly includes 5 management functions: Process and processor management, job management, storage management, device management, file management.

The history of DOS (disk Operating system, and disks operating system) dates back to 1981, when IBM developed IBM-PC on the 8086 basis, but was embarrassed by the operating system used by the PC, and finally IBM selected three operating systems, cp/m-86, P-system and MS-DOS 1.0,ms-dos 1.0 include, for example, copy, DIR, format commands, which also introduces batch file interpreters, and finally dos defeats the other two operating systems, becoming the mainstream operating system of the PC. 1983 IBM preinstalled The MS-DOS 2.0,dos2.0 with a new hierarchical file system (tree directory structure) and an installable device driver (SYS file) in its ibm-pc/xt, which replaces the file control block with the file handle (filename Handle) ( File Control Block) to open files; DOS 2.0 also has a host DOS program for the first time: print.com, resulting in a DOS TSR program (memory resident program). The DOS 2.0 can support the XT drive, although it is only 10M.

(2) What type of operating system does iOS and Android belong to?

Mobile operating System

(3) The advantages and disadvantages of several common operating systems; linux,windows

In general, it is divided into several points:

1. Linux is faster and more secure than Windows.
2. There are many software that can only be run in Windows, and Linux-compatible software is under development.
3. Linux is available on the network side.
4. Linux is a complex operation, and Windows is relatively simple.

The difference between Linux and Windows is that, like Linux, the Windows family is a fully multitasking operating system. They support the same user interface, network, and security.

But the real difference between Linux and Windows is that Linux is actually a version of UNIX, and the contribution from UNIX is huge.

Understanding and familiarity with operating systems-operating systems