Understanding of Python closures and adorners

Closures:

Two nested functions, external functions return the internal function of the argument, external function?

def external function (parameter):

def intrinsic function ():

Pass

return intrinsic function

The difference between him and the function:

1. Format two nested functions

2. Parameters of the closure external function can be persisted in memory

What the adorner is: Closure plus @xxx

The work of the decorator: To add additional functionality without changing the original function value

The code for the adorner:

def set_fun (func):

def call_fun (*args,**kwargs):

return func (*args,**kwargs)

Return Call_fun

@set_fun

def test ():

Pass

1. Pre-decoration function test, which is directed by the Func 2. The function test after the decoration, the actual is Call_fun 3. Pre-decoration test, after the decoration test, after the decoration of the test (Call_fun) three to maintain? 4. The adorner cannot change the function's tune? Type and return value

The understanding of a function of a decorator?

A decorative decorator? A diagram of a function:

A decorator decorator? A function memory graph to understand:

Understanding of Python closures and adorners