Unicast vs broadcast vs Multicast

 

1. unicast vs broadcast vs Multicast

	Unicast	Broadcast	Multicast
Descripe	One-to-one communication mode between hosts.Vswitches and vroutersForward data only without copying.	One-to-all communication modes between hosts. The network copies and forwards signals from each host unconditionally, and all hosts can receive all information (whether or not you need it)	One-to-one communication mode between hosts, that is, hosts added to the same group can accept all data in this group, vswitches and vrouters in the network only copy and forward the required data to the demanders.
Advantages	1) the server responds to client requests in a timely manner. 2) the server sends data that is not accessible to each customer, making it easy to implement personalized services.	1) the network device is simple, the maintenance is simple, and the network deployment cost is low. 2) because the server does not need to send data to each client separately, the server traffic load is extremely low.	1) clients with the same data stream need to join the same group to share a data stream, saving the server load. It has the advantages of broadcast. 2) provides a wide range of services. 3) this protocol and unicast protocol allow transmission over the internet broadband network.
Disadvantages	1) the server sends data streams to each client with high traffic. 2) the existing network bandwidth is in a pyramid structure. If all the unicast protocols are used, the network trunk will be overwhelmed.	1) unable to provide personalized services in a timely manner based on the requirements and time of each customer. 2) unable to provide more diversified and personalized services to numerous customers. 3) broadcast cannot be transmitted over the Internet broadband network.	1) Compared with the unicast protocol, there is no error correction mechanism and it is difficult to make up for packet loss errors, but it can be compensated through a certain Fault Tolerance Mechanism and QoS. Theoretically, there are mature solutions, but they must be gradually applied to existing networks.