Use Webmin to manage Redhat Enterprise Linux 6.0 or other versions

# Use Webmin to manage Redhat Enterprise Linux 6.0

1 Webmin installation Configuration

1.1 Webmin Introduction

Most people may feel a headache when configuring Various UNIX services, because there are too many services in UNIX, and each service does not seem easy to configure. People familiar with network service configuration in Windows are not familiar with writing configuration files manually in UNIX. In UNIX, you can install Webmin, a tool that allows you to configure various servers on UNIX servers through a browser. Webmin is an excellent management software for remote UNIX/Linix servers. Through the Control Panel (support for various languages, including simplified Chinese ), it allows users to easily configure various servers in UNIX, and even remotely configure all services running on UNIX. The default port is 10000, and SSL encryption is supported. It also allows users to directly modify user accounts, Apache, DNS, and file sharing settings on the server using browsers on remote computers. Webmin management is implemented through web pages. All operations are simple and intuitive, and they are very suitable for beginners. OS _list.txt IN THE webminobject directory lists UNIX systems currently supported by Webmin.

Compared with other GUI management tools, Webmin has the following significant advantages:

Web management enables Webmin to be able to manage both locally and remotely.

The plug-in structure makes Webmin highly scalable. Currently, the standard management module provided by Webmin covers almost common UNIX management modules, and third-party management modules are constantly developed.

Access Control and SSL support provide sufficient security for remote management.

International support and multi-language version.

In addition to UNIX systems, Webmin also provides modules for Webmin management. The management of Webmin mainly includes the following aspects.

Module management: This part includes inserting a module, deleting a module, copying a module, and resetting the category of the module. In addition, Webmin provides the ability to upgrade directly from the Internet.

Interface style management: Webmin provides multiple interface styles. In version 0.91, KDE and Caldera are provided. The Webmin interface style is actually a module. you can insert a new interface style. In addition, you can modify some Webmin interface parameters, such as the page background color and table background color.

International support: a major feature of Webmin is its multi-language support. Currently, Webmin supports languages such as English, French, German, Italian, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean.

Webmin server group: Webmin also provides the ability to discover and manage multiple Webmin servers, which greatly facilitates managing multiple UNIX servers at the same time.

Activity Log: The Webmin activity log is mainly used to audit the management activities of the system.

1.2 download and install Webmin

 
 

  
  
# wget http://download.webmin.com/download/yum/webmin-1.510-1.noarch.rpm 
  
  
# rpm -ivh webmin-1.510-1.noarch.rpm 
  
  
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/webmin start 
 
 

Automatically Start the Webmin service: To enable the Webmin service to automatically load as the system starts, run the "ntsysv" command to start the service configuration program and find the "webmin" service, add an asterisk (*) to the front of the asterisk (*) and select "OK.

2. Use Webmin

2.1 log on to Webmin

You can use a Web browser or telnet/ssh client to access Webmin. The telnet/ssh client tool is based on the applet and needs to install the Java Runtime Environment on the browser. Enter the Host Name (or Host IP address) and port number in the browser of the local host or other connected hosts. Here we enter http: // localhost: 10000. The Webmin logon interface is displayed, 13-1. On the Webmin logon page, enter the user name (root) and password, and click "Login". The system will enter the main Webmin interface, as shown in Figure 13-2.

(Click to view the larger image) Figure 13-1 Webmin logon page

(Click to view the larger image) Figure 13-2 main Webmin page

2.2 Webmin Configuration

Click the Webmin icon in the main Webmin page shown in-2. The Webmin configuration page is displayed, as shown in Figure 13-3.

(Click to view the larger image) Figure 13-3 Webmin configuration page

The Webmin configuration in the Webmin form is mainly used to configure the environment and related components displayed by the Webmin system on the user end. Configure the Webmin operation environment, mainly to create new groups, users, and security configurations. In addition, you can restrict the connection user address, port number, and password.

Change to a Chinese environment.

In the "Webmin configuration" window, there are many options to configure Webmin, such as IP address access control, port and address, and user interface. Here we will take a look at the language configuration of Webmin. Click the language icon to open the language Configuration window, as shown in Figure 13-4.

(Click to view the big picture) Figure 13-4 configure the language environment

Click the "Webmin" icon at the top of the management interface, and click the "Change Language and Theme" hyperlink on the displayed page. Modify "Webmin UI language" to "Personal choice..." and select "Simplified Chinese (ZH_CN)" from the drop-down list )". To use the original Linux interface style, you can change the "Webmin UI theme" option to "Personal choice .. ", and then select" MSC. linux Theme ", and then click" Make Changes "to confirm the settings, which will be displayed in the" language "Configuration window. Follow the system prompts to log on to Webmin again. Then, the Web browser displays the Webmin configuration page in Chinese, as shown in 13-5.

(Click to view the larger image) Figure 13-5 The Webmin configuration page is displayed in Chinese.

2.3 Main Webmin interface

The main Webmin interface shows that Webmin mainly includes Webmin, system, server, network, hardware, cluster, and other components. The Webmin function is described in table 13-1.

Table 13-1 Webmin Functions

Module name

Function Description

Webmin

Backup Configuration Files

Backup configuration file

Change Language and Theme

Modify language and topic

Usermin Configuration

User Configuration File Settings

Webmin Actions Log

View Webmin activity modification logs

Webmin Configuration

View and modify Webmin configurations

Webmin Users

Webmin user management

Webmin Servers Index

Find other available Webmin servers

System)

Bootup and Shutdown

Start and close

Change Passwords

Change Password

Disk Quotas

Disk Quota

Disk and Network Filesystems

Disk and Network File System

Filesystem Backup

File System Backup

Initial System Bootup

System initialization

Log File Rotation

Log File Rotation

MIME Type Programs

MIME settings

PAM Authentication

PAM Authentication

Running Processes

Process Management

Scheduled Commands

System Task Scheduling command

Scheduled Cron Jobs

System Task Scheduling

Software Package Updates

Software Package upgrade

Software Package

Software Package Management

System Documentation

System records

Users and Groups

Users and user groups

Server)

Apache Webserver

Apache server configuration management

CVS Server

CVS server configuration management

Postfix Mail Server

Postfix Configuration

SSH Server

SSH Server Configuration Management

Read User Mail

User email list

Network)

Bandwidth Monitoring

Bandwidth monitoring

Linux Firewall

Firewall Configuration

NFS Exports

NFS Sharing Management

NIS Client and Server

NIS client and server management

PPP Dialup Client

PPP dial-up connection

Extended Internet Services

Inetd service configuration

Network Configuration

Network Configuration Management

(Continued table)

Module name

Function Description

TCP Wrappers

TCP Wrappers Configuration

Kerberos5

Kerberos5 authentication Configuration

ADSL Client

ADSL client Configuration

Hardware (Hardware)

CD Burner

Cd Burning

GRUB Boot Loader

GRUB Initiator

Linux RAID

Disk Array settings

Logical Volume Management

Logical volume Management

Partitions on Local Disks

Disk Partition

Printer Administration

Printer Management

SMART Drive Status

Disk SMART settings

System Time

System time

Cluster)

Cluster Change Passwords

Cluster password Modification

Cluster Copy Files

Cluster File Replication

Cluster Cron Jobs

Cluster Task Scheduling

Cluster Shell Commands

Cluster Shell command

Cluster Software Packages

Cluster software package management

Cluster Usermin Servers

Cluster user Server

Cluster Users and Groups

Cluster users and user groups

Cluster Webmin Servers

Cluster Webmin servers

Others (Other)

Command Shell

Shell commands

HTTP Tunnel

HTTP Channel

PHP Configuration

PHP configuration

Perl Modules

Perl Management Module

Protected Web Directories

Configure the Web directory

SSH/Telnet Logon

A Telnet client supporting SSH

Upload and Download

File upload and download

File Manager

A

The file management module manages files on the server.

System and Server Status

View various servers in the system (such as HTTP,

FTP, Samba, MySQL, etc.) running status

Custom Commands

Define common commands

2.4 understand the Webmin configuration file

The configuration file of Webmin is usually/etc/webmin/miniserv. conf. Several important parameters are shown in Table 13-2.

Table 13-2 important parameters of the Webmin configuration file

Parameters and default values

Description

Port = 10000

Set the HTTP server listening port

Root =/etc/webmin

Root directory of the Webmin File

Ssl = 0

Whether SSL is supported. If it is set to 1,

This HTTP server will provide HTTPS service

Session = 1

Whether Session is supported. If it is set to 1,

Before accessing the Web service, you must complete

User logon and authentication, user logon and

Authentication is implemented by session_login.cgi.

Logfile =/var/webmin/miniserv. log

Log Files

Errorlog =/var/webmin/miniserv. error

Error Log File

Userfile =/etc/webmin/miniserv. users

Stores the user name and password of the HTTP server,

Changepass. pl can change the User Password

Keyfile =/etc/webmin/minserv. pem

Store the private key and Public Key Certificate of the HTTP server

Webmin core: includes the core Webmin library, Webmin homepage, and module management. Web-lib.pl is the core library of Webmin, including the main public functions in Webmin. The Web-lib.pl references CGI to provide some common functionality that includes a list, as shown in table 13-3.

Table 13-3 Webmin CGI list

Chooser. cgi

Select Frame

Date_chooser.cgi

Date selection Frame

Config. cgi

Configuration module File page

Config_save.cgi

Save Configuration

Help. cgi

Help Page

Fastrpc. cgi

Start a new process to accelerate rpc calls

Rpc. cgi

Used to intercept requests from other Webmin servers

Webmin remote process call

Referer_save.cgi

Redirect to previous URL

User_chooser.cgi

Select Frame

Switch_user.cgi

Switch user

Switch_skill.cgi

Change the Skill level of the current Webmin user

Acl_security.cgi

Configure global ACL options

Index. cgi

Implements the Webmin homepage, which can be used by the current user

Management Module is divided into one property page by category

Installation scripts: these scripts are used to install and configure Webmin. Setup. pl is the main configuration script. The script it calls is shown in Table 13-4.

Table 13-4 installation script

Script

Description

Newmod. pl

Used to initialize a configuration file for the newly inserted Module

Oschooser. pl

Select the operating system type

Copyconfig. pl

Copy the configuration file to the Management Module

Thirdparty. pl

Check installed modules

The Install-Module.pl is used to install a Webmin management module from the command line. It calls copyconfig. pl and perlpath. pl.

Security of 2.5 Webmin

Because Webmin is a Web-based management tool, the importance of Webmin security is self-evident. The security of Webmin is mainly reflected in the following three aspects.

1. SSL support

By setting Webmin to support SSL, you can access Webmin through https. SSL not only authenticates the Webmin server, but also encrypts network communication during management.

2. User Access Control

User Access Control allows the Administrator to control which users can access each module, and which operations can be performed by users accessing a module.

Webmin supports module-based user access control. The/etc/webmin. acl file defines the modules that Webmin users can access. To achieve lower-granularity access control, you can use the module-based user access control provided by Webmin. Under the configuration directory of the module, Webmin generates an access control file for each user, which is usually named $ username. acl (such as root. acl ). The module can write acl_security.pl to operate the file.

3. IP Address Access Control

IP address access control specifies which IP addresses can access the Webmin server. Access from IP addresses not in the access list will be disabled. With these security enhancements, we can safely use Webmin as a system management tool. In short, Webmin, a Linux and UNIX system management tool, provides great convenience for us to correctly and efficiently complete various key system configurations.

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