View the essential relationship between horsepower and torque

 

The relationship between horsepower and torque

 

Some people often discuss the relationship between the force and torque of a car. But what is the relationship between the force and torque? Next, let's talk about the relationship between them. HereArticleYou need to have a certain degree of physical foundation. If you do not know physics at all, you may not understand it.

 

When talking about the maximum horsepower of an engine, we may see something in our minds that tells us about the power of this engine. When it comes to the maximum torque, you may be confused and do not know what parameters the torque reflects. Before discussing power and torque, we need to know what power and power are.

 

What is merit: SymbolWIn short, the power is the force acting on the object (OX)XThe distance in which the object is driven by the Force (meters), in the unit of ox-meter (1Niu Mi= 1Jiao ER)

What is yes: SymbolEEnergy is energy, including internal energy, potential energy, kinetic energy, chemical energy, and electric energy.

So what is power?? SymbolP, Power is within the unit of time (for example1Seconds. For example, a person10The bucket can be moved in seconds.10Times, Second person10The bucket can only be lifted in seconds5Second, the power of the first person is twice the power of the second person. It is represented by a symbolP = W/T(TUnit time)

Engine Running is driven by the piston crankshaft rotation, (gasoline combustion gas expansion) the force of the piston to push the crankshaft can be expressed in cattle, the vertical distance between the piston and the crankshaft connecting to the crankshaft center can be expressed in meters, so their product is ox meters, that is, torque.TQ.

Back to the question, do you want the power or torque of the engine? Everyone may think about them separately. In fact, there is an inseparable relationship between horsepower and torque:

PPower,WMerit,TTime,FForce,RRadius,TQTorque, DWork distance,RpmNumber of revolutions per minute,Pi = 1, 3.14159

We know that, PowerP = W/TBecauseW = f x D,SoP = f x D/T

At the same time,TQ = f x r, f = TQ/R,In the above formula, get

P = (TQ/R) x D/T

In circular motion, Motion distanceD =(R x 2 x pi),Import aboveP, GetD/T = r x 2 x pi/T

SoP = (TQ/R) x(R x 2 x pi)/T =TQ x 2 x pi/T

Running distance per minute= R x 2 x pi x rpm

At the same time, we know that1Horsepower is defined Work per minute33000LbsFeet, EqualWork per minute44742Jiao er=(44742Niu Mi/Minutes),

So horsepowerP = TQ x 2 x pi x RPM/44742

Pi = 1, 3.14159

HorsepowerP = TQ x RPM/7121

Finally, Horsepower=TorqueXNumber of turns/7121

As long as you know the revolution of an engine and the torque of the revolution, you can know the power (horsepower) of the engine)

(If you cannot understand it, you can use the red formula to verify the power curve given by each engine manufacturer)

Torque unit: Ox meters, The conversion unit isRpm(How many revolutions per minute ), What we get is horsepower.

If any engine knows the torque at a certain number of turns, it can calculate the horsepower. Therefore, the engine with a higher torque has a larger horsepower under the same rpm.

To verify the authenticity and reliability of this formula, We can randomly find the power curve of an engine to verify:

First, let's look at a BMW 3.0 TB The straight step line is the torque line, and the oblique line is the power line. Let's take a look 3000 rpm The torque reading is probably 400 Niu Mi, through the above formula, Horsepower = 400x3000/7121 = 168 Horsepower, the power in the figure is calculated in kW, 1 KW = 1.34 Horsepower, so 168 Horsepower = 125.4 KW, In the figure 3000 Exactly 125.4 About kW. Check again 6000 Convert, Torque is 358 Ox-meter, number of turns 6000 , Horsepower = 358X6000/7121 = 301 Horse, 301 Horse, 1 KW = 1.34 Horsepower, so 301 Horse = 225.1 KW.

 

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If you still don't believe the authenticity of the formula, let's look at it again.1.8 TBEngine power curve: power (kW) on the left and torque on the right(Niu Mi)The solid line is the power, and the dotted line is the torque.

This time, we will see 2000 Turn, Torque About 250 Niu Mi, Horsepower = 250x2000/7121 = 70.2 Horsepower, 1 KW = 1.34 Horsepower, so 70.2 Horsepower = 52.4 KW, The black solid line in the graph is 2000 The conversion power is very consistent. Let's take a look. 5000 Convert, Torque is 224 On the left and right of the ox meter, So horsepower = 224x5000/7121 = 157 Horsepower, Equal 117 KW, consistent with the black power curve on the figure.

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Finally, let's look at a naturally aspirated engine, Mercedes-Benz.E63UsedM156High-power edition:

First, let's take a look3000Convert, Torque560About ox meters, so horsepower= 560x3000/7121 = 236Horse,1KW= 1.34Horsepower, So236Horse= 176KW, It is consistent with the black line in the figure.

Let's take a look.5500Convert, Torque625About ox meters, so horsepower= 625x5500/7121 = 482Horsepower,1KW= 1.34Horsepower,482Horsepower= 360KW, consistent with the figure.

to sum up, if you know the torque of any engine in a certain number of turns, the power of the engine in the number of turns will be fixed. Because the torque directly affects the power. the high torque is better than the low torque. The exact description should be in the same number of revolutions, high-torque engines provide high power. The torque of each engine varies with the output horsepower in a specific rotation range. The turbine engine focuses on the low-to-medium-to-low torque, so the power of its low-to-medium conversion is higher than that of the self-priming engine, however, the power curve brought about by the gradual decline of high conversion torque will also become stable, just like the 3.0 TB , high torque reduction ( from 400nm dropped to 280nm , 30% decline ) , the power is 6000 the maximum conversion power is usually not the maximum engine rotation power. in a natural intake engine, such as a Mercedes-Benz m156 , because the torque drop is not serious (from 630nm down to 525nm , 16.6% ), the power is usually a forward slash, and the maximum power is usually close to the maximum number of revolutions.

 

From the theoretical point of view, combined with the actual engine curve, this paper verifies that the torque and horsepower are inseparable and cannot be separately interpreted or separately interpreted, Their relationship is exactly what this formula expresses. Interestingly: In7121Transfer Time, Horsepower=Torque, Is that true?I had to verify the engine with 7000 rpm, Exactly the Mercedes-Benz aboveThe error message returned when the m156 has passed 7000 rpm.Power diagram,7121The conversion power is probably382KW, about512Horsepower, The figure shows that the torque is also512They are equal.

 

Horsepower= TorqueX transpose/7121 Applicable to any engine.