Virtual machine configuration Install Ubuntu system and configure installation Xshell

Pre-Installation Preparation:

1, download the latest version of the ubuntuiso image, I am here to download the 12.04 Long-term support (LTS) version, can support a longer time, without updating.

Here I give a download link: Http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/zh-CN

2, pc machine performance requirements, Memory General requirements in 2g above, now almost all pc machine can be achieved Oh!

3, here I am not on the PC installed dual system (Windows and Linux on both sides switch trouble), so here I borrowed the VMwareWrokstation8 version of the virtual machine , it should be noted that the VMwareWrokstation9 version and The VMwareWrokstation8 installation steps are basically the same, but also refer to my installation steps.

Download link for virtual machine: http://www.xp510.com/xiazai/ossoft/OtherSystems/13741.html

After the preparation, you can start the installation;

Detailed process diagram:

0. Initial screen, click "Createanewvirtualmachine"(left on Ubuntu for I have developed environment machine, please ignore)

1. Click "Custom"

2. no choice, direct Next(above is the Workstation version of the compatibility, this is the current version of the 8.0, the previous version of the difference is limitations (limited), such as less memory, does not support HDAudio , etc.)

3. Select "Iwillinstalltheoperatingsystemlater"

There are no strict requirements of the students, you can choose the second "Installerdiscimagefile (iOS)" , then VMware will automatically know that your ISO is Linux(Ubuntu), just ask you to enter Fullname, and user name password such as simple user settings, but this is a easyinstall, because this The automatic installation of the OS is incomplete, causing some problems such as the inability of some core commands to be used, and no response. So there are higher requirements of the classmate, can not choose this, requires a complete, customized installation.

4. under Version , select "Ubuntu", note:the following "Ubuntu" should be selected Ubuntu64-bit "

5. set the name of the virtual machine (that is, each time you start the top left of VMware), then select the installation path you want in the WIN7 (the default in C Drive, very inconvenient), here I choose D -plate installation.

6.Number of processors(number of processors) selected as 2; Note: You can also choose 1 If your memory is only 2G you'd better choose. 1 processor, or else you're running a Linux operating system when the host itself is very easy to card machine;

i am i7 processor,8G memory, configuration good stress-free, feel the dual core is better than the single core (if no use of VMware will not design, but for more, not necessary), the following should not be necessary to choose, Have a very understanding of the students, please leave a message to enlighten.

7. memory size selection, using auto-recommended 1G memory (native memory 8G).

students in the virtual machine, should not run what surprised the world to cry the big program, the memory is not equal to fast, but more data in memory rather than hard disk, for memory consumption of large programs, the system will become faster. For a while, adjusted the memory of the virtual machine from 1G to 2G, the result has slowed down, should be outside the WIN7 is occupied the problem.

8.NetworkType Network Type selection, this time select the default "NAT"

Note: Here is a bit of my experience is very important need to explain that the use of "NAT" , the need for the outside WIN7 use a line to connect to the Internet, in order to access the Internet in Ubuntu (like ubuntu is your real OS feel, no need to manually configure any IP information), can not use the wireless connection by default. This may cause problems for some notebook students. Of course not to say can not be resolved by manually configuring IP- related, but in order to avoid the trouble of each configuration, please use the "bridged" bridge to handle the configuration directly.

9. default, Direct "Next"

default, Direct "Next"

The third is to directly partition the hard disk to use for the virtual machine, which should mean bypassing WIN7 that folder management, directly to the virtual machine only a piece of hard disk space, if there are advanced needs of students can choose.

Note: The default one can be easily copied,move, when you want to copy to another person, or change the machine.

disk selection, default, direct "Next"

Select "Store virtual disk as a single file"

The above box, that is, now immediately divided into 20G to the virtual machine, if not enough, or will be 1.1 points with your use increased (with no choice). If there are not many virtual machines installed on the WIN7 , or hard disk space is too large to put things, optional.

For the storage address of the virtual machine file, choose the location of the D drive.

Click "Finish"to complete the configuration of the virtual machine .

here Click "Customize Hardware" words, there is a chance to the front not satisfied with the virtual machine hardware settings (number of processors, memory size, etc.) reset, so the front is not satisfied with the classmate, do not point cancel , In fact, in the later use process, but also can change the configuration of the virtual machine at any time, do not worry.

After the completion, you can see the upper left corner of the "Ubuntu12.04", do not hurry to PowerOn, have not installed ubuntu ...

click on "Edit Virtual machine settings"

In the pop-up settings , click on "CD/DVD (IDE)", then click "Useisoimagefile" on the right, then select you start to download the good Path to ISO image file for Ubuntu12.04

then click "OK".

STEP15 Start the virtual machine, click "Power on this VM" in the Ubuntu12.04, then Start the installation, select the language first, then click "Install Ubuntu"

If you select "downloadupdateswhileinstalling" to install the latest update directly for the installation process, if you select "Installthisthird-partysoftware" to install third-party software

Select "SomethingElse" to manually partition thevirtual machine's 20G hard disk

Click "newpartationtable"(new partition Table)

In the dialog box that pops up, select "Contunie"

Select the newly-appeared free space and click "ADD"

Note in the "Primary","Beginning","Ext4 ..." are the default, do not need to modify, the number is the size, in megabytes (note: Do not pursue in fact, the hard disk is not the whole ... ), select 10000=10g in thelast "Mountpoint" drop- down list, select "/", complete the step, click "OK"

Note:the "/" recommended size is above 5GB. (Consistent with multiple related articles on "Ubuntu manual Partitioning ")

very note: I last made a 6G, the result went into the next libraries, a bit full, that call a tragedy! Therefore, students must not hold "5G above " to think,Ubuntu should be accounted for 4,5G, do not want to tragedy of the classmate at least 8G The above bar,20G really small, but if you intend to long-term classmate, should not use virtual machine,20G running procedures, more than enough, like familiar, and then a real bar.

Select "FreeSpace" again (same as Step22), click "Add",notice "Logical","Beginning" Is the default, size selection (1G), in the Useas drop-down list, select "Swaparea", note: The final drop-down list is gray, meaning Swaparea do not choose a mount point; Complete the step, click "OK"

Note:"Swaparea" is the swap partition, the recommended size is one or more times of physical memory . (Consistent with multiple related articles on "Ubuntu manual Partitioning ")

does not need to be too big,1G enough.

Check "FreeSpace" again (in thesame step22 ), click "Add",notice "Logical","Beginning" ,"Ext4 ..." are the default, note: The size selection is also the default, that is, all the remaining space , the last "mountpoint" drop -down list, check "/home", complete the step, click " OK "

Note: "/Home" stores data for ordinary users, is the directory of ordinary users, the recommended size is the remaining space. (Consistent with multiple related articles on "Ubuntu manual Partitioning ")

Note: The order of the three partitions does not change, because/ home in the end it is convenient to select " remaining space " by defaultand avoid manual assignment.

At this point , all partition work has been completed as shown in. Note: If you are not satisfied, you can click "Revert" to repartition until satisfied and correct. If you're satisfied, click "Installnow"

Note: For the tragedy diagram,6G / is not enough, this figure is not updated, for reference only, no more than to look at the numbers.

About manual partitioning of the article there are many, if you have questions to ask the degree Niang, hehe ...

Choose your time zone, auto-adjust times, daylight saving and so on manual adjustment is not convenient, then all click "Continue" to continue

The keyboard chooses US, the general domestic buys the computer to be such, may according to the situation own choice

29.Ubuntu Personal settings, according to their own needs to fill in the user name password, etc.

The final installation is complete, click "Restartnow" to restart Ubuntu

stop at the following screen, press " enter " to

so far, we can get into Ubuntu12.04 's desktop work.

all Linux version systems, switch from interface mode to command line mode:Ctrl + Alt + f2~f6

to switch from the command line to the interface mode: Ctrl + Alt + F7

but the installation here, the work did not complete, want to switch root user, found that can not switch, because the ubuntu System installation, the default root The user is locked up and needs to be unlocked and set the login password;

1 . Log in with the root account, you must first enable the account and reset or add a new password. The following steps will tell you how to do this;　　

2.to open the terminal First, execute:sudo passwd-u root # to enable the root account, if you regret it can be executed sudo passwd-l Root to re - lock the root user;　　

Note: the password entered when Sudo executes is the current user's password, not the root password. and to ensure that the user has this permission, the configuration file in /etc/sudoers . 　　

3. Then Create a password for root:sudo passwd root # See the prompts for input,root The password is best and other user's password is different, otherwise will encounter some trouble;　　

4, now the root user is also not disabled, also has the password, uses the root to log in:　　

execute the following command: sudo sh-c ' echo ' greeter-show-manual-login=true ' >>/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf # This is what makes C2>LIGHTDM can manually enter the root user to log in. 　　

Reboot after execution, click the login button under LIGHTDM at login , enter root and password to log in using root .

The root user is able to log in, but has a new problem, is to use the xshell tool, can not connect to the virtual machine's ubuntu System, naming the local machine and the virtual machine can each other Ping pass;

that's because the installation is complete . Ubuntu system is not installed by default SSH server;

to telnet to an Ubuntu host using SSH, you first need to install an ssh server.

Judging does Ubuntu have an ssh service installed:

1, Input:#ps-e | grep ssh If the service is started, you can see "sshd", otherwise it means no installation service, or no boot

2, install the ssh service, enter the command:#sudo apt-get Install Openssh-server

3. Start service : #/etc/init.d/ssh start

4, the test can successfully log on:#ssh-l user name native IP

5, remote connection with remote Tools, if denied access, then shut down the firewall or allow port, You can use the sudo ufw disabled command to disable the firewall.

or open in the case of a firewall open A the port command is sudo ufw allow

Virtual machine configuration Install Ubuntu system and configure installation Xshell