Volleyball game scoring Rules function manual

1.1 Purpose of writing

This requirement specification is the product of the requirement analysis stage, and after the communication in our group, we have a detailed understanding of the summary of the game scoring rules and the user needs. Through this document can clear the future project progress and planning, organization of software development and testing.

1.2 Project background

Development name: Volleyball Game scoring rules

Project Author: teacher

Project Developer: Group II all Members

Users: Spectators, referees, coaches and athletes who like volleyball

Computer network to implement the software: School room

Projects and other software: System relationships

1.3 Technical terms Explained

Fast Track approach

A kind of fast ball in volleyball sports. Generally refers to the setter front of the fast, Radian flat ball at the same time, the spike in the 2 meters away from its jump, swing arm volley setter pull over the ball. According to tactical needs, the use of the net position, early or wrong after hitting. This type of spike because of the speed, Radian flat, the air hitting point more, it is very powerful, and can be used to cover the formation of a variety of collective offensive tactics.

Time difference

One of the offensive tactics of volleyball. The spike to take a run-off, luring the other side to jump block, but his own emergency stop braking, when the other whereabouts, and then suddenly jump from the place to carry out the real buckle. Use this tactic can avoid each other's block, improve the success rate of the spike.

Plug in the offense.

The back of the team inserted into the front row for setter, the ball to 3 players in the front row spike attack form. Generally with 1th number of bits inserted as much. Plugging in the offensive can keep the front row 3 points offensive, make full use of the full length of the net, conducive to break the other side of the line. Tactical changes, can be played cross, Echelon, inclusions, three-dimensional offensive, double fast one swimming and other tactical offensive.

Inclusions attack

A spike player but setter cooperate, fast track approach ball, attract each other blocking. The other hand suddenly inserted a spike between the two men. It can achieve the goal of getting rid of block and breaking out of space, and improve the success rate of spike. Because the spike players such as cork clip in, so called inclusions offensive.

Floating Ball

A kind of serve. Serve with the hard part of the palm root, a short and powerful shot, so that the Force line through the sphere. The ball does not rotate, but the operation of the surrounding air due to the pressure of the ball is different from top to bottom or around the fluttering, often make the service team judge errors, thereby increasing the power of the serve, in the game is widely used. According to the position of the serve, there is a positive start floating serves ball and hook floating serves ball. The ball is issued by the front of the ball, sinking floating ball, high drift ball, flat float ball and so on.

Storm

One of the offensive tactics of volleyball. The spike players use height, bounce advantage, give full play to personal strength and skills, in order to break the opponent's defensive force smash. Athletes are required to have good bounce, strength and spike skills. The level of the storm is one of the important indicators to measure the strength of a team.

Adjust the offense.

One of the tactics of volleyball sports. When the other side to the ball is not in place, the ball's landing point away from the net, can not form a predetermined tactic, by the setter or other players to the ball high radian (adjust the pass), so as to create the opportunity for a spike attack, called "Adjustment attack." This tactical pass has a high radian, and the attacking point is more obvious, making the opponent easy to arm. However, it is still quite powerful if the smash's ability to storm is fully exerted.

Rear attack

One of the tactics of volleyball sports. Organize the rear players to jump or jump forward after the offensive line, vigorously smash. Because of distance from the net, smash ball into the angle of the area is larger, can effectively break through the block, disrupt the regular catch, so that the other side of the defense is not easy to catch. Can be combined with the front-row attack tactics, with the front row offensive as cover, attract block, and then suddenly the ball to the back row, composed of three-dimensional offensive tactics.

Front Cross

A kind of cross attack of volleyball. 4th players inscribed as quick ball or cover to attract each other block, while the 3rd players and 4th players to cross-run buckle half fast ball or half high ball.

Double Quick One swim

One of the tactics of volleyball sports. It is a tactical change of the combination of near-body fast and fast track approach. As a result of the 2 players to buckle fast ball or flat ball, when the other block, another offensive player according to the other block situation, a large roundabout run to the neutral spike, so the name. This attack speed, large amplitude, offensive players and each other for cover, so that the other side is not easy to judge who is the actual spike, to render the empty file. is a proactive and effective offensive method. When used, the need to buckle fast ball players real buckle ability (in order to spike when necessary), the running team can skillfully master the two sides of the large cross-running spike technology.

Follow the defensive

One of the defensive patterns of the volleyball game. Refers to the back of the 6th players in the side of the block to keep up with the protection, to prevent the other lob. When the other side offensive, the party formed a double block, the players do not block back to defend the opponent may be carried out by the small slash spike,1,5th players in the rear maneuver defense. The shape of the fixed position, the task is clear, the central defense tight, against each other spike, lob combination of attack and the side of the ball block play a better effect, but only 2 people in the Back field defense, the gap is larger, the central and both sides of the center and the side of the easy to present empty stalls.  

Protection

Terminology of volleyball sports. A defensive action. In the game to take the initiative to make up for their peers in the technical loopholes, and to make offensive and anti-organic link up. It is used in the service, spike, block and rear defense. If the spike, it is possible to be stopped back, when the service and rear defense, it is possible to fly the ball cushion, blocking, the other party may use soft buckle, light hanging. In view of the above situation, attention should be paid to protect, and strive to protect the ball organization offensive. In addition to the protection of the players, the spike and the block members should also be prepared for self-protection.

Processing Ball

Terminology of volleyball sports. The means to be taken in a game, in a forced situation. such as in a transmission to the top of the net can not setter, or the ball into the net, and the third hit away from the ball of the net, etc., was forced to send the ball to the other side of the field. Generally in order to avoid mistakes for the purpose, if possible, the ball should be sent to the other side of the weak defensive areas, or increase the difficulty of catching. In order to weaken its attack, even fight for the organization offensive, change passive as the initiative.

One attack

One of the four attacks of volleyball. The first attack that is organized after the other's serve. The process consists of several interconnected parts, such as one-pass, two-pass, and Spike. can use "middle, side one or two", "insert in the back", "two ball and its transfer" adjustment ball offensive and other major offensive forms, each form can also use a variety of tactical changes. Due to the easy access to the service, all kinds of offensive tactics in one attack can be fully utilized, so in the game occupies an important position.

Holding

Volleyball game rules. The ball should be sentenced to "holding" when it stays longer on any part of the athlete's knee or knee, or if the ball is not clearly struck, or the ball is pulled, held, pushed and carried. It is only in the hands of the first time to the ball, with both hands to catch the ball, the ball in the hand to allow a brief stagnation and not sentenced to "holding." The referee can be based on the length of the ball stay. The sound of the batting is clear. The batting action is correct and so on three factors linked up to determine.

Near Body fast

A kind of fast ball in volleyball sports. A fast ball that is deducted in the range of the setter body or the side of a centimeter. It is fast paced, powerful and has a good cover effect. A high level of near-body fast ball, must jump in the setter before the ball in an instant, in the air catch the ball smash. Aim not only for real buckle, more occasions to cover the attack of teammates, in order to organize a variety of flexible and diverse collective tactics.

Back fast, back fly, back slip

Back fast, back fly, back slip difference is mainly the high and low of the passing radian, speed and the distance between the attack and setter. "Back fast" ball arc the lowest, if the setter use jump, as long as the ball point to the end, the attack hand almost with him at the same time, with the shortest time the ball buckle out, that "lightning", to achieve the effect of sneak attack. "Back Fly" is the high arc of the open ball, passing the height and distance, depending on the tactical needs and characteristics of the player to decide, the attack is generally "hidden" in the front of the setter body or left, to be setter pass, in the other side think no second area of the attack, the attack hand quickly moved to the back of the setter, stepping on A sudden attack in a row often plays an unexpected effect. "Back-slip" is a fast, low radian pull ball, some like the back of the flat pull tee. A high level of setter out of the back of the ball, can be in the net with the net into parallel flight, so that the attack can choose more over the dot, throw off the other side of the block hand.

Quad attack

Terminology of volleyball sports. The four offensive methods that are organized against the four different situations in which the opponent hits the ball. Including: The attack of the service organization, called an attack, the spike organized offensive, called counter-offensive, the back of the ball organization attack, called the security attack, and other ball organization attack, called push attack.

Front-row transposition

A kind of transposition tactic of volleyball. When the player hits the ball, the players can exchange positions within the local field. The attacking party can change the front of the team to the number 4th, and the players who are good at the break to the number 3rd or 2nd. The defensive side can put the front block technology good players to 3rd position, against each other's attack.  

Transposition in the back row

A kind of transposition tactic of volleyball. When the player hits the ball, the players can exchange positions within the local field. When attacking, you can change the player who is good at the rear spike to the return number or number 6th. Defensive, you can change the team to 1th, the two sides of defensive, complementary ability of the players to change to the number 6th position.

Counter attack

Volleyball four times a kind of. Refers to the back of the opponent to attack the ball after the organization of the counter-attack, and on the Internet directly volley each other's various attacks. Is the main means of scoring. Most of the times in the game, the most difficult. The process includes: block, rear defense, adjust setter and Spike, and several other parts of the convergence. The block is the first line of defense, the back defense is the basis of counter-attack, the second transmission is the organization of anti-offensive bridge, and the attack of the spike is the key to success or failure. In the past, because of the low rate of catching in the anti-reverse, it is mainly to take high-beat adjustment offensive form.  

Security attack

One of the four attacks of volleyball. Refers to the game against the opposing side of the ball (protection), and organize effective counter-attack. The former is part of anti-anti-tactical system, the rules stipulate that the player's hand can be over the net block, the role of blocking to strengthen, the number of back ball increased a lot. Effectively prevent the ball from being stopped back, and timely organization of successive attacks, by the international volleyball of universal attention, is listed as a training and competition of the independent tactical system.  

Push attack

One of the four attacks of volleyball. In the game, when a pass, setter improper, unable to organize the spike attack, to pass the way to the goal of the ball into the other side of the field, known as "push-and-attack." Because the attack is very weak, when used, the need to observe the other side, as far as possible to hit the ball into the defensive weak field, in order to obtain a more favorable situation. This as a tactical system, and an attack, counter-offensive, and defend the attack of the system is called the four categories.  

Medium one or two offense

One of the offensive tactics of volleyball. The front 3rd players acted as setter,2 and4th players, and when the setter players rotated to the 2 or 4th digits, they could be replaced by the number 3rd for setter. This offensive tactic is the simplest and easy to compose. But the offensive point is less, tactical sudden and aggressive small, the intention is easy to be detected by the other side. More for the primary level of the team to adopt.  

Side one or two offense

One of the offensive tactics of volleyball. The front row 2 or 4th Players act as setter, and the other 2 players are attacking, usually setter in the 2nd position. If the setter in the 4th-bit organization offensive, it is called "anti-edge one or two offensive." Side one or two offense is the basic form of offense, easy to compose, but also can change tactics, more for the intermediate level of the team to adopt. High-level teams are often used in order to stabilize the situation when they are anti-negative or in a disadvantageous position.

Concealed Stance

One of the tactics of volleyball sports. A form of positioning for the attack of a serve. It is the one and change of the position form of the middle and side one or two attacking and inserting offense. When the other party does not understand the position of the players in the situation, can not violate the rules under the premise of the front-row members concealed in the back row, the attack, the back of the team as front-row players to make a feint, in order to attract each other block, in order to conceal in the back row of the front team to create favorable conditions. If the 5th players are filled with a 3rd-member false Buckle fast ball for cover, concealed in the back of the 3rd players can carry out a sudden attack.  

Fake plug on

One of the tactics of volleyball sports. The change of the service position of the middle and side one or two attacking. It is also a covert positioning method to confuse each other. It is still in essence the stance form of the one or two offensive in the middle and side. But initially to plug the offensive position as the illusion,2nd players concealed in the front row 3rd players side, false for the back plug, when a ball is higher or closer to the net,2nd players suddenly approached the run-off buckle two times the ball or lob, in order to achieve the purpose of a surprise attack. 4th players can also, the method and the position of the 2nd players and play the same, only in the left side of the field offensive.  

Plug it back in.

A type of offensive in which volleyball is inserted. That is, the 5th players inserted into the 2,3rd positions between the organization offensive. can also be inserted into the 3, 4th, theorganization of Offensive. As a result of the general number 1th is inserted as much, it is called anti-plug.  

Two times ball offense

One of the tactics of volleyball sports. When the other side to the ball, the players directly to the ball pad or to the appropriate position before the net, for the front team to jump the spike, known as "two times the ball attack." Features are: (1) The front row can maintain 3 people attack, (2) There is an opportunity to attack two times, (3) there is a greater sudden, so that the other side unprepared, (4) can speed up the attack speed, undermine the opponent's defensive rhythm; (5) if combined with the transfer of offensive, It is easier to confuse each other and increase the difficulty of blocking. This tactic is more demanding for a pass, but it can be used when the other side is less aggressive, or the spike is not very powerful, and the use of push-and-hold-side blocking.

Transfer offense

One of the tactics of volleyball sports. When the spike players in the buckle probe ball or two times the empty moment of the ball, change the spike for the pass to the peer attack, so that the attack point transfer, called "Transfer attack." There are two kinds of short-pass transfer and long-passing transfer. The use of this tactic requires the passing players in the air to have good stagnation and control of the body's ability, superb jumping technology and good look around ability, in accordance with the situation of the other block, immediately decide whether the spike or the ball transferred to peer attack. General and two times the use of the ball offense, it can be collectively referred to as "two times the ball and its transfer attack."  

Around offense

One of the tactics of volleyball sports. An attack in which an attacking member moves around a setter player in the past or from the back to the front. Usually from the front of the setter players around to setter players behind the back pass, called "around", such as 3rd or 4th players to run to the 2nd-bit spike. From behind the setter players around the setter players in front of the spike, said the "front around", such as the number 2nd players running to 3rd or 4th bit spike. The goal is to better play their own strengths, avoid each other strong blocking.  

Adjust the offense.

One of the tactics of volleyball sports. When the other side to the ball is not in place, the ball's landing point away from the net, can not form a predetermined tactic, by the setter or other players to the ball high radian (adjust the pass), so as to create the opportunity for a spike attack, called "Adjustment attack." This tactical pass has a high radian, and the attacking point is more obvious, making the opponent easy to arm. However, it is still quite powerful if the smash's ability to storm is fully exerted.  

Cover

One of the offensive tactics of volleyball. Players to buckle fast ball, attract the opposing players block, to peer or self-attack to create a favorable situation. This kind of false buckle action, called "cover". Under the cover of the fast ball a variety of mating attacks, collectively referred to as "cover offense." In attack, attack in order to avoid blocking, resulting in a one-to-one, or even "Stargate" favorable situation, often in the network before running for a position, cover each other. A lot of methods, there is a single cover, double cover, front-row members of the cover, rear players on the front row of false cover.  

Cover offense.

One of the tactics of volleyball sports. Is the use of self-cover or the cover of others to carry out smash offensive methods. When Spike, can use false action and time difference, position difference, space poor self cover. Other offensive players can also use cross-running, transposition, and other methods to cover, to achieve surprise, unexpectedly effect.  

Lost Machine

Terminology of volleyball sports. The team loses the chance to score. Rules: One party to grasp the right to serve, the ball reasonably shot down to the other side of the field, or foul, then for the party win a goal, get 1 points. If the team negative one goal, the other side will have 1 points, then the referee sentenced to serve the team as "lost machine." Instead of serving the other party.  

Holding

Volleyball game rules. The ball should be sentenced to "holding" when it stays longer on any part of the athlete's knee or knee, or if the ball is not clearly struck, or the ball is pulled, held, pushed and carried. It is only in the hands of the first time to the ball, with both hands to catch the ball, the ball in the hand to allow a brief stagnation and not sentenced to "holding." The referee can be based on the length of the ball stay. The sound of the batting is clear. The batting action is correct and so on three factors linked up to determine.

Free man
The free man will be a defensive expert who can make an arbitrary replacement in the back row to help the team defend against the opponent's attack. A free man is not allowed to serve, block or go around the front, so a player who is short but nimble and can quickly fall to the rescue will be able to keep the game going. Free people can be free to replace, in order to be easy to distinguish, free people will wear different colors of clothes with other players.

1.4 Game Rules

The match time is divided into the second half each 15 minutes, the intermission five minutes, the last five minutes starts stopwatch, if in the regular 30 minutes the two sides fights the level, then adds the race three minutes, if still cannot distinguish the victory and defeat, the two sides each player turns the free throw, until one party penalty loses the game to end.

On the Foul: (1) in the group stage, do not remember the number of individual fouls, and the team to record the total number of fouls, each of the second half of the cumulative foul 6 times or more (not including 6 times) is the other side of the penalty.

(2) The semi-finals, in addition to each team accumulated foul, its rules ibid. Also remember personal foul, personal foul 5 times the person was punished. (ask the team to try to wear a different number of ball suits every team in the preliminary round.) ）

(3) One game individual cumulative two technical foul is the appearance of penalty

(4) Other: Offensive three seconds, no defense three seconds

(5) Each time the second half of the match is suspended for 1 minutes per pause

The competition consisted of five innings. In the first four innings, the winning party must reach 25 points, or two points higher on that basis. The winning party in the fifth inning only needs to reach 15 points, or two points above each other on this basis.

In the game, each team played six people, three men and three women, three front row, the back three, before and after the platoon members of the relative position, same row the left and right position should not be exchanged before serving. Each team has a captain, which is proposed by the captain in case of dispute and suspension. Free people are allowed in the game but need to be explained to the referee before the game.

Each party's six players rotate the tee clockwise. Each time the team receives a service, the player sends the ball to the opposite half of the court in the right corner of the party's half to start the game again. A tee can be served with a starter or a tee, with a fist, a outstretched finger or an arm. The serve can be kicked off at any point after the bottom line, when serving, not stepping on the line or entering the field, but the rules allow the player to jump into the field when falling. Volleyball can fall into each other's half of the court, and the player will continue to serve until the team loses its service. Otherwise, the service is violated, and the service is awarded a point, and the service is changed. The players on the field rotate clockwise when the service is changed. Do not use the body to cover the ball in order to interfere with the receiving ball. The ball can only be thrown or evacuated once, and hit out by hand or arm before landing.

The front three players can take a spike or block in front of the three rice noodles and do not allow blocking when serving. Each team has to hit the ball three times must be over the net, otherwise sentenced to four hit points. But the front block ball does not count within three contact. The ball can be used in any part of the body, but it is not recommended to play with feet. No single combo. Do not hold and drag the ball. Block when any part of the body is not net, not to cross the net to hit, block members of the body must not touch each other attacking players.  

Coaches can stand up to the team during the game, but must stay in a specific area. The coach, including the replacement of the free man, has a total of 6 opportunities to replace the players in each game. A substitute member may replace one of the first players or be replaced by the same player.

Other rules
A. Only the front-row players can block.
B. The player can intercept the ball before it crosses the net, but must not net or interfere with the opponent.
C. Blocking does not count as a single shot.
D. The ball shall not be net, nor meet the teammates of the same team.
E. Each team has two time-outs in each game.

About "challenges"

The so-called "challenge", refers to the game in the course of a controversial penalty, there will be a player to use "Eagle Eye" back to see the impact of the disputed ball, to determine whether the revision.

1.5 Promotion

Take a single round robin system, the top two teams of each team to qualify. If more than three teams have the same record, the gains and losses are compared (gain/loss ratio = Group Total score/group total points), the high score of the promotion.

2.1 Goals

The system was developed to allow more users to learn more about the volleyball scoring unit, but not the rules of the volleyball game (or clearly the rules of the game scoring).

2.2 Features of the user

User type	Requirements
Referee	Master the rules of competition and scoring rules
Audience	Better understand the scoring rules, can read the game
Coaches, athletes	Master the rules of competition and scoring rules in order to protect their own interests

2.3 Assumptions and constraints

Changes in the number of users: different regions of the people running the system at the same time, enter the upper and lower limit of content

Regional changes: Operating systems in different regions, according to the characteristics of the regional network according to the needs of the operation

2.4 Use of the user

The user can operate according to the need, such as the change of the opponent's score, the action of the foul behavior of the two sides during the match.

3. Side effects of the function

The system relies on other systems for a larger

3.1 Hardware aspects

Due to the aging of the machine, to the operation of the system to bring some trouble: the machine system must have a certain antivirus software to prevent the virus intrusion

3.2 Software itself

When the software itself fails, the corresponding prompt should be given. Data should be automatically backed up and prevented from being lost when a crash or computer problem occurs.

4. Test pass based on

No matter what kind of users enter the system through different "identities", they can clearly understand the system and get the answers they want correctly.

5. Follow-up work

After the software is released, it can be changed according to the current scoring rules, such as the increase of "free man", and changing the software to meet the needs of the times. The engineers are updated in a timely manner through the collected information.

6. Other professional requirements

Legibility: Readability is high, so the interface should be as simple and easy to operate as possible

Security: High security to prevent loss of data

Reliability: Because of the high system frequency, it requires the system to be used for a long time.

7. Operating Environment Regulations

Equipment: No

Support Software: The operation of the software requires a system above Windows XP, SQL server2008 as a database, vs as a development tool

Interface: not currently

Control: Not currently

Volleyball game scoring Rules function manual