What components does linux have?

A saying goes: the general system consists of the core, shell (command interpreter), and application linux. The core of linux (2.6.9.18), shell (/bin/bash ), applications (Xwindow) or linux kernels are mainly composed of five subsystems: process scheduling, memory management, virtual file system, network interface, and inter-process communication. 1. Process Scheduling (SCHED): controls the process's access to the CPU. When you need to select the next process to run,

A saying goes: the general system consists of the core, shell (command interpreter), and application linux. The core of linux (2.6.9.18), shell (/bin/bash ), applications (Xwindow) or linux kernels are mainly composed of five subsystems: process scheduling, memory management, virtual file system, network interface, and inter-process communication. 1. Process Scheduling (SCHED): controls the process's access to the CPU. When you need to select the next process to run, the scheduler selects the process that is most worth running. A running process is actually a process that only waits for CPU resources. If a process is waiting for other resources, it is not a running process. Linux uses a simple priority-based process scheduling algorithm to select a new process. 2. Memory Management (MM) allows multiple processes to securely share the primary memory area. Linux memory management supports Virtual Memory, that is, the total amount of code, data, and stacks of programs running on computers can exceed the actual memory size, the operating system only keeps the currently used block in the memory, and the remaining block in the disk. If necessary, the operating system is responsible for switching program blocks between disks and memory. Memory Management is logically divided into hardware-independent parts and hardware-related parts. The hardware-independent part provides process ing and logical memory swap; the hardware-related part provides virtual interfaces for the memory management hardware. 3. virtual File System (VFS) hides the details of various hardware and provides unified interfaces for all devices. VFS provides dozens of different File systems. Virtual File systems can be divided into logical file systems and device drivers. A logical file system is a file system supported by Linux, such as ext2 and fat. A device driver is a device driver module written by each hardware controller. 4. network interfaces (NET) provide access to various network standards and support for various network hardware. Network Interfaces can be divided into network protocols and network drivers. The network protocol Section is responsible for implementing each possible network transmission protocol. Network Device Drivers communicate with hardware devices. Each possible hardware device has a corresponding device driver. 5. inter-process communication (IPC) supports various inter-process communication mechanisms.

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