What is the CPU instruction set?

The so-called instruction set, is the CPU used to calculate and control the computer system of a set of instructions, and each new type of CPU in the design of a series of other hardware circuits with a set of instruction system. and the instruction set of advanced or not, also related to the performance of the CPU, it is CPU performance is an important indicator.

SSE instruction Set

Since the MMX directive did not lead to a significant improvement in 3D gaming performance, Intel launched a data Flow Order extension Instruction (SSE) in Pentium III CPU products in 1999. SSE compliant MMX instruction, which can effectively improve floating-point operation speed through SIMD (single instruction multiple data technology) and single clock cycle to handle multiple floating point in parallel.

SSE2 instruction Set

In the Pentium 4 CPU, Intel Corporation has developed a new instruction set SSE2. A total of 144 new SSE2 directives were developed, including floating-point SIMD directives, reshaping SIMD instructions, converting between SIMD floating-point and reshaping data, and converting data into the MMX registers.

SSE3 instruction Set

A new 13 new instructions have been added to the SSE2,SSE3, which have previously been collectively referred to as PNI (Prescott new instructions). 13 instructions, one for video decoding, two for thread synchronization, and the remainder for complex mathematical operations, floating-point to integer conversions, and SIMD floating-point operations.

SSE4 instruction Set

SSE4 has added 50 new performance-enhancing instructions that help with compilation, media, character/text processing, and program point acceleration.

3D now! Extended Instruction Set

The 3D now! instruction set is a multimedia extended instruction set developed by AMD in 1998, with 21 instructions. The MMX instruction set does not have the weakness to enhance the floating-point processing capability, and focuses on improving the processing ability of the AMD K6 series CPU to 3D graphics.

X86 instruction Set

You need to know what the instruction set is, and start with the current X86 architecture CPU. The X86 instruction set is specifically developed by Intel for its first 16-bit CPU (i8086), and the cpu-i8088 (i8086 simplified version) of the world's first PC, launched in IBM1981, is also a X86 directive. At the same time, in the computer to improve the floating-point data processing capacity of the X87 chip series of mathematical coprocessor also use the X87 instruction, then the X86 instruction set and the X87 instruction set collectively as the X86 instruction set.

EM64T instruction Set

Intel Corporation's EM64T (Extended Memory Technology) is a 64-bit memory expansion technology. This technology provides the expanded memory addressing ability for server and workstation platform application, has more memory address space, can bring more application flexibility, especially helps to improve the application of audio and video editing, CAD design and other complex engineering software and game software.

RISC instruction Set

The RISC instruction set is the development direction of the later high performance CPU. It is relative to the traditional CISC (complex instruction set). In comparison, RISC's instruction format is unified, the type is less, and the addressing method is less than the complex instruction set. At present, the architecture of RISC instruction set mainly includes arm and MIPS.

3dnow!+ instruction Set

On the basis of the original instruction set, 52 instructions were added, which included some SSE instructions, which were mainly used on the new type AMD CPU.