When installing Ubuntu 16.04, especially when the option free hard disk new partition is installed, this is prone to this situation due to the absence of a mount point configured, the workaround is as follows:
Enter "/" at the point where you hang it.
Principle:
Linux and Windows file system is not the same, in Linux there is no similar to the C-disk D-disk concept, all in a folder way.
In general, at least two partitions should be created in Linux:
/(Root partition) (must be established)
/swap (Swap partition) (if your memory is large enough, such as 32G memory is not built)
You can also separate more partitions to save the contents of different parts of the system.
For example, at least four partitions will be established outside of the general root partition:
/boot (the partition of the system kernel is usually only dozens of MB.)
/tmp (System used to store temporary files)
/home (partition where user data is stored)
/swap (Swap partition)
Even if these partitions are not established, the system will be built automatically, but with other data, if there is a problem with the root partition, the system will be bad, the user data will be lost (this situation rarely occurs in Linux, but it is recommended to open another partition, the risk of avoiding)
There are also advanced users who will set up some other folders to be partitioned, and then mount the past and so on.
Reference:
Http://www.cnblogs.com/lisuyun/archive/2013/12/02/3454297.html
When you install Ubuntu 16.04: No root file system is defined, go to the partition menu to modify