Win8.1 + CentOS7 dual-system USB flash drive installation

Win8.1 + CentOS7 dual-system USB flash drive installation

0. Preparations

1. Acer Aspire 4752G notebook

2. Win8.1 Enterprise Operating System

3. More than 8 gb u Disk

4. UltraISO (Of course, you can also choose other USB flash drive tools, depending on your preferences.)

5. Download the image of CentOS 7 (I have CentOS-7.0-1406-x86_64-DVD.iso as an example)

Official Website: http://www.centos.org/download/(For the differences between different images, Baidu, for normal users, DVDs .)

6. Free hard disk partition, used to install CentOS 7 (separate idle partitions by yourself)

1. USB flash drive

1.1 Use UltraISO to open the downloaded Image

File --> open --> select ImageSuch:

1.2. Write to USB flash drive

Start --> write to hard disk image

Note: Write mode: I chose USB-HDD + v2, said, better compatibility. Others are supported by default!

1.3 start production

Click "write" to start making a USB flash drive. A long wait ............

Note:Part of the online tutorial said: after the production to delete the burn U disk root directory Packages folder, copy the CentOS-7.0-1406-x86_64-DVD.iso to the u disk root directory. It is not necessary. On the contrary, an error occurs after I delete the software. An error is reported when the software installation program is started.

2. Start Installation

2.1 restart the system and change the BIOS boot sequence to USB flash drive boot.

Method 1: different computer modification methods may be different. For example, if my ACER displays the ACER interface, press F12 to bring up the Boot Menu interface. You can select the Boot disk (You need to reselect each restart.), Such:

The selection of shortcut keys depends on the model of your motherboard. Currently, F11 or F12 is usually used for boot, while f8.

Method 2:You can also go to the BIOS settings page to adjust the boot sequence.

Set the USB flash drive to the first option. Save and exit.

Note:This method 2 needs to be modified after the installation is complete. Otherwise, the system will be inaccessible !!!

If the above settings are normal, after restart, the CentOS installation interface will be displayed, such:

Note: The following page appears in many online tutorials, but this is not the case when I install it (The VM is indeed like):

Note: For USB flash drive installation, we need to modify the image location.

2.2 select the first item: Install CentOS 7 and press the e key to enter the editing page.

Run vmlinuz initrd = initrd. img inst. stage2 = hd: LABEL = CentOS \ x207 \ x20x86_64 quiet

ChangeVmlinuz initrd = initrd. img inst. stage2 = hd:/dev/sdb4 quietHere, sdb4 is the partition where the U disk is located, or it may be sdb1, which can be modified according to the actual situation (You can also use other methods)

2.3 After modification, press Ctrl + x to perform modification. Normally, the installation interface will be displayed, such:

Select the language you want to install and click Continue, for example:

2.3.1. Time Zone Selection

If you have installed the English version, you need to change the time zone to Shanghai.

2.3.2. keyboard

The English and Chinese keyboards have the same layout !!

2.3.3. Language Support

Supports multiple languages at the same time

2.3.4. Installation source (it can be left blank by default)

The program will be automatically selected. You can manually specify it as the network location !!

2.3.5. Software selection (note)

After entering, you can see that multiple options are selected as needed, such:

Note: the installation is minimal by default, and there is no interface after installation !!!!

2.3.6 installation location (important)

I don't have it here. It comes from the network and is somewhat different from the actual situation.

1. In the local standard disk, select the local disk and USB flash disk.
2. For other storage options, select I want to configure partitions.
3. Note: Open the complete disk summary and boot program at the bottom, and choose not to add the boot program (to be added later ),I don't know whether it is my problem or a common problem. First, select "Installation Guide". Next, an error will occur !!!, Click Finish to go to the following page.

Note: We recommend that you use standard partitions. This is because LVMPV partitions cannot be mounted during grub boot, and are not recognized at all !!It is best not to use automatic creation

1. Click "+" to add swap and/respectively/Two partitions

Size: swap is generally twice the memory size.

/For all remaining space

Pay special attention to this step:

(1) When you select to automatically create a partition, the partition information cannot be updated (this may be my own problem, waiting for everyone to test)

Click Finish to return to the configuration summary page.

Note: In this case, select the installation location and select the partition not added above. Click Finish directly until the configuration interface is returned !!

2.3.6. Network and Host Name

The default network is closed. You can enable it here.

2.4. Click Start installation as follows:

During the installation process, you can set the root password and the new user (the last half of the installation cannot be changed !!) Wait for installation !!

Note: during the installation process, if the password is too simple, you need to click twice to confirm it!

So far, the installation is complete, restart, and boot is left !!!!!!!!!!

After the installation and restart, no guidance is provided !!! (Is it because Windows 8 uses a unified UEFI interface in the BIOS ?? However, the Linux Foundation has long announced that it will provide a completely new way to install the Linux system using the UEFI Secure Boot option. She can coexist)

I am not familiar with UEFI boot (UEFI boot is more powerful than Legacy boot). I can only find another solution !! Finally, we decided to use easyBCD to guide CentOS 7.

1. Failed attempts (a great harvest and a startup method)

In the first attempt, I thought that as long as the grub2 boot is simply added (CentOS 7 adopts the grub2 boot)

After adding, restart. Although the boot item appears, the grub prompt appears.

1.1 try to use the grub command to guide

Note: there is a space between each command and subsequent parameters; otherwise, an error occurs in the command !!

A. Get familiar with grub.Some commands of grub> help

B. Run the cat command to view the file content.

The cat command is used to view the file content. Sometimes we do not know the Linux/boot partition and the location of the/root partition. We need to check the/etc/fstab content to find out, we need to use cat (hd [0-n], y)/etc/fstab to obtain the content;Note that you must use the tab key command to complete the function.The operation is as follows:

Grub> cat (Press the tab key to display hd0, hd1, and so on.
Grub> cat (hd0,Enter hd0, and then press the tab key. information such as partitions is displayed as follows:
Possible partitions are:
Partition num: 0,Filesystem type ntfs, partition type 0x07
Partition num: 2,Filesystem type is xfs, partition type 0x83
Partition num: 3,Filesystem type unknown, partition type 0x83
Partition num: 4,Filesystem type ntfs, partition type 0x07
Partition num: 5,Filesystem type unknown, partition type 0x82
Grub> cat (hd0, 2)/etc/fstabSelect the/partition (I am 2) and press Enter. The prompt is as follows:

/Dev/hda3 swapSwapUlts00
/Dev/hda4/XfsUlts01

Check the content in/etc/fstab to check whether Linux/partition and/boot are independent partitions. If there is no line similar to/boot, verify that/boot and Linux/are in the same hard disk partition ;(If the original partition is a specified partition, skip this step.)

Note: When CentOS is installed, if the selected partitioning scheme is LVM, the file system type will be unknown, resulting in unavailability (in fact, the file system is LVMPV, you can use other tools to check whether grub knows this ?? No !)

D. Run the root command to specify the partition where/boot is located.

Grub>Root (hd0, 2)Press enter. The prompt is as follows:

Filesystem type is xfs, partition type 0x83

This root (hd [0, n], y) can be omitted. If it is omitted, We need to specify it in the kerenl command;

E. Run the kernel command to specify the linux kernel and the root partition.

Grub> kernel/boot/Click tab to complete the list of all/boot files, as shown below:
Possible files are: grub initrd-3.10.0-123.e17.x84_64.imgVmlinuz-3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64, etc.

Kernel/boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 ro root =/dev/sda3 ro quiet vga = 791Press enter. The prompt is as follows:

[Linux-bzImage, setup = 0x1e00, size = 0x18e473]

Note: vga = 791 is very important; otherwise, the following error will occur:

Root =/dev/sda3Yes/partition

If the boot is an independent partition (When CentOS is installed, partitions are automatically created and are independent by default !)

Grub> kernel (hd0, 2)/boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-123.e17.x86_64 ro root =/dev/hda3 ro quiet vga = 791

F. Use the initrd command to specify the initrd File

Grub> initrd/boot/initHere, tab is used to complete; A possible file will appear, and the prompt is as follows: Possible files are: initramfs-3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64.imgInitramfs-3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64kdump.img
Grub> initrd/boot/initramfs-3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64.imgSelect and press Enter. The prompt is as follows:
[Linux-initrd @ 0x2e1000, 0x10e685 bytes]

If/boot is an independent partition, it should look like the following syntax; for example, the following;

Grub> initrd/initHere, tab is used to complete;
Grub> initrd/boot/initramfs-3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64.img
[Linux-initrd @ 0x2e1000, 0x10e685 bytes] Note: In CentOS 7, the initrd file name is no longer a initrd-3.10.0-123.e17.x86_64.img but a initramfs-3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64.img

G. boot System

Grub> bootPress enter to restart the system. Then you can go to CentOS 7.

Note: after booting to CentOS 7, you can use CentOS 7 normally only after some configurations are available!

2. Complete the startup items and guide them successfully.

Go to win8.1 and enable easyBCD as follows:

Delete, other unused startup items, and modify the name

Now, the boot recovery has been completed !!

Reprinted please indicate the source: ZCShouHttp://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_135027f480102uyug.html