As shown in the above picture, Windows8.1 "This computer" more video/Picture/document/download/music/Desktop 6 folders, looking at the awkward, delete method:
Open the registry, expand Hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\mycomputer\namespace in turn, and delete the 6 subkeys below, Refresh "This computer" is gone.
Registry Backup (Namespace.reg):
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[Hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\mycomputer\namespace]
[hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\mycomputer\namespace\{ 1CF1260C-4DD0-4EBB-811F-33C572699FDE}]
[hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\mycomputer\namespace\{ 374DE290-123F-4565-9164-39C4925E467B}]
[hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\mycomputer\namespace\{ 3ADD1653-EB32-4CB0-BBD7-DFA0ABB5ACCA}]
[hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\mycomputer\namespace\{ A0953C92-50DC-43BF-BE83-3742FED03C9C}]
[hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\mycomputer\namespace\{ A8CDFF1C-4878-43BE-B5FD-F8091C1C60D0}]
[hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\mycomputer\namespace\{ B4BFCC3A-DB2C-424C-B029-7FE99A87C641}]