Windows route table details, windows Route details

Windows route table details, windows Route details
Most network administrators are familiar with the route table of a vro. However, there may be fewer users who know the route table of a windows network. Today, let's take a look at the windows route table.I,WindowsRoute table entries1. use ipconfig/all to view the NIC information. 2. use the route print command to view route table information, for example, 3. route table information 1) Glossary: Active Routes: Active route Network destination: destination Network segment Netmask: Subnet Mask Gateway: Gateway, also known as the next hop router. When sending an IP packet, the gateway defines the next hop server to which the packet is sent for a specific network destination address. For a network directly connected to a local computer, the gateway is usually the network interface corresponding to the local computer, but the interface must be consistent with that of the Gateway. For a remote network or a default route, A gateway is usually a server or router on the network connected to a local computer. Interface: Interface, which defines the network Interface for a specific network destination address. The local computer is used to send data packets. The gateway must be in the same subnet as the interface (except for the default gateway). Otherwise, other route entries need to be called when using this route entry, which may lead to a routing deadlock. Metric: Number of hops. The number of hops indicates the cost of a route. Generally, it indicates the number of hops required to reach the target address. One hop represents the number of hops passing through a vro. The lower the number of hops, the lower the routing cost and the higher the priority. Persistent Routes: manually configured static solidified Route 2) first route information: default route when the system receives a packet whose destination address is not in the route table, the system sends the packet to the default gateway 192.168.99.1 through the interface 192.168.99.8. 3) second route information: when the system receives a packet sent to the destination CIDR Block 127.0.0.0, the system will receive all the packets sent to the CIDR block. 4) Route information: when the system receives a packet destined for the destination CIDR Block 192.168.99.0/24, the system sends the packet through the interface 192.168.99.8. 5) Article 4 route information: when the system receives a data packet whose destination IP address is the IP address of the local Nic, the system accepts the data packet. 6) Article 5 route information: when the system receives a local broadcast packet sent to the CIDR Block, the system sends the packet from the interface 192.168.99.8 as a broadcast. 7) Article 6 route information: when the system receives a multicast packet, the system will send the packet from the interface 192.168.99.8 as a multicast. 8) Article 7 Route information: when the system receives an absolute broadcast packet, the system will send the packet through the interface 192.168.99.8. 9) Default Gateway (Default Gateway)II,WindowsRoute table operationsFor windows route table settings, you can use the ROUTE command. The route command format is as follows: ROUTE [-f] [-p] [command [destination] [MASK netmask] [gateway] [METRIC metric] [IF interface] Where the-f parameter is used to clear the ROUTE table, the-p parameter is used to retain a route permanently (that is, the route will not be lost when the system is restarted ). Commands include PRINT, ADD, DELETE, and CHANGE. Destination indicates the target IP address to be reached. The MASK is the keyword of the subnet MASK. Netmask indicates the specific subnet mask. If not specified, the default value is 255.255.255.255 (single-Host IP address ). 0.0.0.0 is available for all egress subnet masks. Gateway indicates the egress Gateway. Other interfaces and metric represent the number of interfaces of the special route and the number of hops that reach the target address, which is generally the default value.Iii. Dual-nic routing configuration instanceA company has two networks: one is the office network 192.168.99.0/24, the gateway is 192.168.99.1, the other is the Business Network 192.168.201.0/24 used to access the internet, and the gateway is 192.168.201.1. One computer now uses two NICs, one connecting the company's office network with the IP address 192.168.99.8 and the other connecting the business network with the IP address 192.168.201.254. Now we need this computer to access both the office network and the Business Network. 1. we can use the ipconfig/all command to view the NIC settings of the computer, such as: 2. we can use the route print command to view the route table information of the computer. The route table is the same as the route table described above, but adds the route information of several NICs 2, as shown in figure 3. we can use the ping command to test network connection conditions. For example, ping the Intranet is successful, but ping the Internet fails. That is to say, the computer can only access the office network, but cannot access the business network. 4. As shown in the preceding route table, the system has two default routes, which is the main cause of the inability to access the two networks at the same time. To solve this problem, we need to modify the route table. First, use the route delete 0.0.0.0 command to delete the default route. Then, manually set the two routes, as shown in Figure 5. we use route print to view route table information. Now we can see that there are two more static solidified Routes under Persistent Routes, as shown in: 6. we can use ping to test the network connection, such as office network and business network. The computer can now access the office network and business network normally. The windows route table is actually relatively simple. If you are familiar with the windows route table, you can troubleshoot network faults. Original article: http://tonyguo.blog.51cto.com/379574/176104