Windows Remote Installation Service and PXE Technology

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Abstract
Abstract: Today, the electronic reading rooms and computer room in various schools all have dozens or even hundreds of computers. without the need for a majority of computers to be equipped with optical drives and soft drives, the current popular Windows system is far from
The installation service and network cloning technology can solve the system installation problems of these computers and greatly improve the work efficiency. Use Windows 2003 sever SP1
The Remote Installation service provided by netghost 7.5 and intel
The Use Case of PXE technology in combination with network cloning is to describe the application of these two technologies in the school's electronic reading room and computer room.
Keywords: Remote Installation Service, Network cloning, RIS, PXE, electronic reading room, computer room

Today, schools at all levels have successively built Electronic Reading Rooms and computer rooms of a certain scale for teaching, experiment, office, information sharing, information retrieval, and other purposes.
It is a local computer network connected by dozens or hundreds of computers through network cabling and network devices within a certain physical range. Computers in the same LAN can realize the combination of files and printers.
You can also connect to other networks through a proxy server or vro until you are involved in the Internet.
When the school purchases a large number of computers to build electronic reading rooms and computer room, the most important thing except for applicability is the procurement cost. Therefore, except for some computers, it is generally not equipped with optical drives or even soft drives.
Drive. Since the same batch of computers purchased by the school generally use computers of the same manufacturer and model, the hardware configurations of these computers are consistent. To install new systems for these computers, we can take this
Step 1: install a new system for the computer with an optical drive; Step 2: Continue to install and set the application software for the computer with a Windows system installed; Step 3, for hard
The image used for network cloning. Step 4: Use the network cloning server to restore the image to the hard disk of another computer. This process is no longer familiar to the technical staff who manage the data center.
It is also easy to grasp. In this process, as long as a computer with an available optical drive exists in the first step, the burned machine in the fourth step can be started into the DOS system and loaded through the soft drive or USB interface.
Netghost client, the Network clone and installation system is really not very technical. Now we have to consider if the optical drive and the soft drive of all computers in the LAN are damaged or
No, and cannot support USB boot. What should we do at this time? Yes, there is also a way to start the machine through the network. We can use
Windows RIS (Remote Installation Service) installs the operating system for the master machine, and uses PXE technology to clone the network.
1. Use RIS to remotely install services in windows and deploy a large number of Windows operating systems
RIS is Windows
2003 system with a super network installation component, as long as your machine is installed with a network card that supports PXE boot, you can use this tool to quickly install Windows
Operating System. Many brand machines have integrated PXE-guided NICs. In this case, the RIS installation operation can greatly save time and improve work efficiency.
Note: In the Remote Installation Service of Windows 2000 Server, only Windows 2000 is supported.
Professional Remote Installation, does not support installation of Windows 2000 Server series. In Windows server
In addition to Remote Installation of Windows XP Professional, Windows Server 2003
And Remote Installation for all versions of Windows 2000.
1.1 server deployment
1.1.1 install Windows 2003 RIS Server
Windows 2003 Server RIS has a premise that the domain must have active
Directory Server, DNS server, and DHCP server. We can install these three services and the RIS service on the same server. Do not
Install the DNS and DHCP servers. First install the active diretory service to add the domain administrator role to the computer.
During the installation of diretory, we can select the current server as the DNS server, so that the DNS service is successfully added at the same time, and then install the DHCP service. These three services are indispensable. Next
We can add the RIS service.
1. Add the RIS Remote Installation Service
From "Add/delete programs → Add/delete Windows components", go to the Windows Components wizard, select "Remote Installation service", and put the Windows 2003 Server CD-Rom into the optical drive. After the installation program is complete, restart the computer.
2. Copy the Windows XP installation file to the RIS server.
Go to Windows server again
After 2003, enter risetup in the "run" field to run the RIS configuration program. First, the welcome screen appears. Then, let you select the RIS drive and directory, and select a non-operating system with sufficient space.
By default, the installation wizard will prompt you to enter the system disk address, put the system disk into the optical drive, select the path of the optical drive, then all the way to default, and finally finish the installation on the Single Machine
1.1.2 authorize the RIS Server
If the server is a Windows 2000 server, you need to authorize the RIS server. in Windows Server 2003, you do not need to authorize the DHCP server separately. This is automatically completed by the risetup program.
1.1.3 configure the RIS Server
1. Open "Active Directory users and computers" from administrative tools and click "domain controllers". Available RIS servers are listed in the window on the right. Right-click the RIS server and select "properties" from the displayed menu. The RIS server Properties dialog box is displayed.
2. Select "respond to client computer request service". In this way, the RIS server can provide services for the RIS client that responds. If you want to check whether the RIS server is faulty, click "verify server.
By default, the RIS service only provides completely new installation. Even if your hard disk is partitioned, the Remote Installation Service will automatically format the hard disk and divide the hard disk
One partition. In this case, RIS is only suitable for installing brand new computers. If our computers are already partitioned and there is data on the hard disk, we certainly do not want the RIS service to be formatted during the installation process.
In this case, you need to configure the hard disk as follows:
1. Click "Advanced Settings" and then click "image.
2. If the dialog box contains two identical configuration files, delete one. Click "delete" and click "yes" to delete the configuration file. After deletion, click "add" to add a new configuration file.
3. In the "New response file or installation image" dialog box, select "associate the new response file with an existing image ".
4. Select "Windows image sampling file" in the next dialog box ". Select the image file and click "Next". In the "select sample response file" dialog box, select the following response file.
"Windows
Professional, click "Next". At this time, the installer prompts that there is already a configuration file, and enter "noristndrc D. Sif" after the file name ".
5. In the next dialog box, enter the description text for the RIS Remote Installation Service and add "-No par" after "easy to understand description ".
6. Follow the default values in subsequent steps. Click OK to return to the Active Directory user and computer.
Then, open the path to save the Remote Installation File (when you run risetup, save the path of the Windows XP file, if installed on disk D, it is d
:/Remoteinstall/Setup/Chinese/images/Windows/i386/
Templates directory ). Open "noristndred. Sif" in this directory and change "repartition = yes" in this file
"Repartition = No ".
1.1.4 Remote Installation allowed
1. Return to the Active Directory user and computer, select the domain name, right-click, and select "properties" from the menu that appears ".
2. Select the "Group Policy" tab from the attributes that appear.
3. Select the Default policy and click the "edit" button to enter the default group policy editing window.
4. Select "user configuration> Windows Settings> Remote Installation service", click "select option" on the right, and select Properties from the menu that appears. Select "allow" for all the four options in the property and click "OK. Disable the Default policy and return it to the Active Directory user and computer.
1.2 install windows on the client
At this point, we have completed the RIS configuration. If your client complies with the pc98 0.6 and later specifications, or your computer is configured with a PXE boot chip Nic, you can use RIS to remotely install the service and install Windows XP Professional. The general process is as follows:
1. Turn on the power of the computer. After the CMOS self-check, the F12 key will pop up and start from the network.
2. Press F12 and press enter in the first dialog box to go to the automatic installation page.
3. Enter a user name in "User name:". The user name must have the permission to add the computer to the domain. Generally, use the administrator account. Enter the password of the user in "Password:", enter the domain name in "Domain Name:", and press enter to go to the next screen.
4. If you want to install it automatically, select the first item "Automatic Setup". If you want to customize the installation, select the second item "Custom
Setup ". If you have an error in the previous installation and want to continue the installation, please select the third item" restart a previous setup
Attempt ". We do not need to enter too much information for automatic installation or custom installation. Here we take the second item as an example. Select item 2 and press enter to go to the next painting
In this interface, press the Enter key.
5. The configuration file we added above will be displayed on the screen. There are two files, one is to repartition and format the computer, and the other is to keep the hard disk installed as it is.
6. If the second item "Microsoft Windows…" is selected ...", The installer automatically installs windows on the client.
Operating System, and divide the hard disk of the computer into a partition. In this case, all the data on the hard disk will be lost. If your machine is brand new, you can choose this one. If you select the first item
"Windows... -No par ", the installer prompts you to choose to install Windows XP on that partition during Windows XP installation.
Operating system. At this time, the hard disk of the computer will not be repartitioned.
7. Follow the on-screen prompts to install Windows XP later.
8. After the installation is complete, log on to the domain with your username and password.
2. Network cloning using PXE Technology
We use Windows 2003 Server
The RIS service has one or more Master machines installed. After making some adjustments to the master machine, you can use it to clone the network. I am using the netghost7.5 software. I think everyone is familiar with it. Although
Netghost7.5 does not support NTFS partitions, so it does not support files larger than 2 GB, but it is relatively stable and we need to use intel
When PXE generates a boot image, clients of version 7.5 and later cannot be placed in a m floppy disk.
As we mentioned above, all computers can only be started through the network, so we chose to deploy the PXE service.
2.1 PXE technology Overview
PXE (preboot Execute
Environment is developed by Intel and works in the client/server network mode. It allows workstation to download images from remote servers over the network.
During the Startup Process of the operating system from the network, the terminal requires the server to assign an IP address and then use TFTP (Trivial File Transfer
Protocol) or mtetp (Multicast Trivial File Transfer
Protocol) download a startup software package to the local memory and execute it. the startup Software Package completes the basic software settings of the terminal to guide the terminal operating system that is pre-installed on the server.
PXE can guide a variety of operating systems, such as Windows 95/98/2000 and Linux.
PXE uses the DHCP service to specify an IP address for the MAC address of the workstation received by the server, during each restart, the same Workstation may have different IP addresses than the previous one, and the IP addresses are dynamically allocated. The following describes the principles of pxe in the wks boot process:
1. After the user-side computer is started on, perform a self-test before PXE boot Rom obtains control, and then send a request to find a frame in broadcast form.
2. If the server receives a request from a PC, it will return a DHCP response containing the IP address of the client, the preset communication channel, and the boot image file. Otherwise, the server ignores this requirement.
3. After receiving a response from the server, the workstation will respond to a frame and send a request to start the required file.
4. More messages will be answered between the client and the server to determine the startup parameters. Bootprom is used to download the boot image file from the server using the TFTP communication protocol. This image file is the image file of a floppy disk.
5. After the workstation receives the Startup File Using the TFTP protocol, it transfers the control to the boot block, directs the operating system, and completes remote startup.
2.2 Server installation and configuration
2.2.1 server operating system installation and configuration
Install Windows2000 Server or Windows2003
Server (it is best to use NTFS partition hard disk) when installing to the license agreement, select the method per server, the number of connected users is 500 (as long as it is more than the number of machines to be started), Network Protocol needs to be installed
Installation (TCP/IP, nwlink
IPX/SPX compatible protocol and netbeui). When you select "network service", click "select from list" and select "Microsoft
DHCP server, and click OK ". Set the IP address to 192.168.1.0/24 (this is my setting). Try not to use this server in the same segment as other hosts in the internet cafe (avoid
Or 172.16.0.0/16.
2.2.2 installation of Intel PXE-PDK2.0
1. Double-click the Intel pxeinstallation file (pxe20-pdk1.exe) to start the installation. When select components is reached, select "Install
With Windows NT4 server CD, and put the NT4.0 installation disk into the optical drive, then click "Next", in the "select
Configuration of the PXE Server "option, select the first three items, and then restart the computer.
2. Click Start/Program/pxe pdk configuration program. The page is displayed. In the list on the left of the window, click the "proxy DHCP server" project and choose "Configure proxy DHCP server..." from the menu ......"
3. Click the "Client Option" tab and go to the "Remote Boot prompt timeout" tab.
Enter 0 in the seconds text box so that no menu is displayed when the diskless website is started. Change the broadcase
Remove the hook before discover, that is, do not use broadcast mode, so that you can cancel BD ...... To speed up the startup.
4. Click the "to bootserver discovery list" button, select "dosundi" in the bootserver, set the IP address to 192.168.0.1, and click "OK ".
5. Double-click "proxy DHCP server"-> double-click "client Boot"
Menu "-> click" x86pc (undi) "-> right-click" dosundi1 "in the right window-> select" Move entry"
Up ". We can see that "dosundi" is moved to the first item. After confirmation, exit.
2.2.3dhcp server settings
Add a DHCP option for PXE. The ID is 060, the name is class ID, and the type is string. In Windows
2000 cannot be directly installed. You can run the pxereg60.exe Program (this program is running in C:/Program
Files/Intel/PXE/PDK/system) is automatically added. Double-click the file to display the interface during running. Click "add option"
60, and then click set 60 as PXE client. After adding, press "exit" to exit.
2.2.4 create a boot disk image
We can put a floppy disk that was previously started as a netghost client into a soft drive. 2. Enter dos on the server and enter "program ".
Files/Intel/PXE/PDK/System
After the dosundi.1 command is completed, a dosundi.1 startup image file is generated in the local directory and copied to the "Program
Files/Intel/PXE/PDK/system/images/x86pc/undi/dosundi "directory. Now everything is ready, restart the service
And then start the client. The client should be able to start normally and enter the ghost client.
2.2.5 start network cloning
Use the netghost 7.5 client to create an image for the previous master machine, and test the image to install netghost.
7.5 connect the server to the network to clone the PXE Server (the two servers can be used by one computer) and run
For the netghost server, select the image to be engraved on the network and enter the server name. The server is connected to the server on a single machine. Start the computer to be cloned, And they will directly load netghost through network startup
7.5 client, we will be very familiar with the future process

So far, we have mastered Windows Remote Installation Service and Intel PXE
Technology, installed Windows OS for a large number of computers without optical drives and software drives in the school's electronic reading room and computer room. The ever-changing network technology provides us with an update and more effective solution for our daily work.
Technical means. As a technician, we must continue to learn and master these technologies step by step, which will certainly benefit from our future work.