WPS Specification Layout Science formula symbol

With the popularization of computers, many teachers and friends have said goodbye to the original paper, steel needle pen and the mimeographs "ink Era", instead of using computers to arrange materials, test papers. But the problem also came, in the "Ink Era" everyone printed materials are handwritten, science characters, formulas do not need so many norms (the specification is also not to be seen). And now the "Electrical age" using printed character typographical, nonstandard science characters, formula Ugly suddenly appear.

Take a look at Figure 12. The results of the same content text printed in different styles:

Figure 1 the same content but different styles of science typesetting printing effect

Obviously, we intuitively feel comfortable with the layout below: The top is a beginner's typesetting effect, below is an experienced middle school teaching auxiliary material Editor's typesetting effect. Open the physics textbooks, the regular publication of science materials and even the original entrance examination papers we will also find that the science characters, formulas from the font to when the use of italics are the same as the layout below fig. 1. The reason is that these character formula style all indicate its mathematical or physical meaning, has its national standards, can not be arbitrarily replaced.

The following I will give you a thin road.

1. Using fonts

Some people will ask the formula is not abc=de, how is there any difference?

In the professional book we often see Figure 2, the same letter because the font is different and represent different meanings:

Figure 2 different fonts for the same letter

This shows the importance of determining the font. Fortunately, in the middle school period, we did not involve so many kinds of characters, including the Latin alphabet (XYZABC), the Greek alphabet (αβγδε) and mathematical symbols (±≡≤∑∏∥).

The Latin alphabet, which represents variables, units, and so on, is recommended for use in Roman (Roman) body type fonts. The Roman body is the standard font for the scientific and technological community (Figure 3) for hundreds of of years as a highly readable font (similar to the Chinese song).

Fig. 3 Roman and its relative to the Gothic curvier

Now our common Roman font is the Windows system built-in "times New Roman", if you are not sure what font to see the characters, you can select a letter, the WPS Software font bar will display the font name.

We are back to Figure 1 and we can also get the document in the annex. In WPS, select the upper paragraph of a Latin letter, we see the font is "XXFarEastFont-Arial." and "XXFarEastFont-Arial" in the Latin alphabet part of the design is very ugly and its italic and bold effects are not good, it should be the text of the Latin text to "times New Roman."

You can of course select the words to change the font, but it is more troublesome. Since WPS handles Chinese and western fonts separately, we can select one or more paragraphs that contain such characters at the same time, click the right mouse button → "font", and change "West character" to "Times New Roman" In the Pop-up Font dialog box (Figure 4). This not only changes the font of the Latin text in bulk, but also obeys the above character after the paragraph.

Figure 4 Font dialog box

The Greek alphabet is a commonly used physics and a very headache type of character, it is not like the Latin alphabet that can be directly typed by the keyboard, causing some people's obsession. In fact, there are many ways to enter the Greek alphabet:

(1). Through Chinese character input method

Almost all of the Chinese character input tool bar right click on the menu has a "soft keyboard", select its subordinate menu "Greek alphabet" in the pop-up keypad can be selected to enter the Greek alphabet (Figure 5).

Figure 5 The Greek alphabet keyboard for Input method

(2). Through the Symbol dialog box

Click the word processing software menu "Insert" → "symbol", you can open the Symbol dialog box. Ok "Font" items, then Set "subset" to "basic Greek", you can click to insert the Greek characters at the text cursor (Figure 6).

Figure 6 The Symbol dialog box

The key here is the question of the effect of entering Greek letters. The font that is entered by default for both methods is "XXFarEastFont-Arial" and needs to be changed to "Times New Roman" to be used.

2. Character modification

Open the textbook and the college Entrance examination paper, we can find that the formula is not random type such as F = ma can be. But to do such a change as F = ma. This is the so-called science formula symbols need to follow the mathematical character modification rules. To have a specific meaning of the characters should be bold, plus oblique processing.

Prototype

Units: such as NM (NM), rad (radians), m/s2 (meters per square second), (Ohm)

Special functions: such as sin (αt), ln 2, sin and ln in

operator symbols: DX rather than dx,lim rather than Lim

Mathematical constants: such as Pi Pi, natural index e, imaginary unit i J (physical constants such as g,c need to be tilted)

Number: such as 3.14,15.68,9.8

Punctuation marks: such as parentheses (), plus +

Thing name: such as Object A, trolley b

Select branch: such as A. 1 + 1=1 B. 1 + 1 > 1

Chinese characters: Chinese characters have no italic style in history, and the italics on the computer are aimed at the Western language.

Plus ramp

Variables: such as mass m, random variable X

Variable markers: I in XI

Normal functions: F in F (x, Y)

Point arc segment: such as Point A, segment AB, ARC CD

Temporary constants: A, B, if certain conditions are constant

Bold

Set of Numbers: True number set R, Integer set Z

to (vector): such as a = 2i + 3j + 3k in the A I j K (vector printing because it is not easy to increase the above → number and should be bold, and if the variable or temporary constant need to follow the principle of the ramp)

Matrices: such as matrix AB = I (principle of the same vector)

It is difficult to change after you have entered all the formulas in bulk. You can use shortcut keys to set character adornments when you enter a formula. Bold: Ctrl + B, plus: Ctrl + I, shortcut keys use two times equivalent to cancel.

3. Subscript Use

The subscript is the common symbol position of the science formula, and also obeys the rules of symbol modification. You do this by typing the character match either (or selecting it after typing) in the position where you want to place it, and clicking the superscript (subscript) Graphic button on the shortcut toolbar. If the button is not found, you can right-click the character and then click "Font" to check the "superscript" ("subscript") option in the Pop-up Font dialog (Figure 7).

Figure 7 Superscript (subscript) graphic buttons on the shortcut bar

We can also use the shortcut keys, superscript: Ctrl + Shift + = Subscript: Ctrl + = Use two times is also equivalent to cancellation.

4. Equation Editor

Now the mainstream word processing software has a formula editor, for the entry of complex formulas provides a convenient solution.

I'm here to give you a brief introduction to the formula editor that is included with the WPS Office 2010 (the editor is also the formula Editor for Micrsoft Office 2003). When you place the input flag where you want to enter the formula, click the Formula Editor Graphic button on the toolbar or click "Insert" → "formula" in the menu bar to get the complex formula (Figure 8) by typing and selecting in the Open Equation Editor dialog box.

Figure 8 WPs built-in Equation Editor

The input effect is as shown in Figure 9, in Figure 1, the fraction is formed by the text box, and the next section is edited by the formula editor, which is much more beautiful.

Figure 9 Formulas edited by the Equation Editor

Here are a few things to note:

Many letters cannot be converted to normal format in the formula input process. such as mathematical constants E, operator D, and so on taste will be shown as italic. You should select them after the formula is entered and click the Formula Editor menu bar style text to change them to Roman. Of course, the options in the style can also modify symbols such as matrices.

The text format you enter in a file with the formula Editor is special, difficult to modify, and destroys the original line spacing of the file to make the text unattractive. Therefore, if the formula is difficult to enter without radical or integral, please use the formula editor carefully. If you have to use it, it's a good idea to make the formula separate.

The Formula editor in WPS Office features a single, recommended download of MathType (the official upgraded version of the original Formula editor). As with methods, the function is more powerful.

Because the formula Editor uses a special font, you can print or transfer a file as a PDF file in an embedded font or make sure that the other person also has the Formula Editor installed.

5. Presentation of recommendations

The formula notation should be in symmetry with the text, excerpt from the recommendations of the Book of the creator published by Tsinghua University Press.

When a longer formula requires a career change, first consider the equal sign (greater than, less than), followed by the operator symbol. Where the multiplication place, multiplication can not be omitted, should be identified as "".

Non-independent lines of the formula should be written as far as possible horizontal 1/a or negative power A-1, do not overlap, save layout and beautiful. When necessary to avoid ambiguity, such as x/y/z will be ambiguous, (x/y)/z is not.

Complex exponential functions should use exp row as a horizontal, such as E (ab+1)/(cd+5) can be written as exp[(ab+1)/(cd+5)].

In the multiplication the letters and the number Fu, the multiplication between brackets should be omitted, such as Absin (Αb), (ab+1) (cd+5).

I believe that by reading this article, the science of characters, formula typesetting has a certain understanding. In the process of typesetting, if you often consciously close the layout effect to a textbook or official publication, these typesetting rules are easy to master.