"2014 China Top ten science and Technology Progress News" announced

Absrtact: New Year's Eve, National basic Geographic Information Center technical personnel are still for the surface cover map related content to refine analysis. Song Yonggang-Lang ice system recently, the Chinese two chambers of the 2014 China's top ten scientific and technological progress news revealed that the world's first set of 3 New Year's Eve, the national Basic Geographic Information Center technicians are still for the surface cover map related content to refine analysis. Song Yonggang

Rangbing system

Recently, the "2014 China's top ten scientific and technological progress News" announced by the academician of our two houses, the world "first set of 30-meter resolution global surface cover remote sensing cartographic data collection successfully developed and donated to the United Nations" has attracted much attention.

As early as the UN climate summit on September 22 last year, when our government donated the data Atlas to the United Nations, this data has been a sensation in the industry and has begun to be applied globally. Users all over the world can login to the site www.globallandcover.com click to enjoy or free download pictures, let these "beauty map" to take You "stroll" the world.

So, where does this set of surface cover data "cattle" go? What's the use?

A tour of the beauty map

A large area of the surface is covered by green, Blue River free from the main road as the fingers stretched out to the outside, like the color of the human body inside the blood. This is not the work of the abstract master works, but the world's first set of 30-meter resolution of the global surface cover remote sensing cartographic data set on the geographical picture. The enchanting and beautiful of the universe are gathered in nearly 20,000 pictures.

Access to global surface coverage sites, in wetlands, artificial surface, tundra, glaciers, permanent snow, grasslands, bare land, arable land, shrubs, forests, the 10 types of land surface information columns, not only the beauty of the map to browse, through the two period of time comparison, but also to understand the surface cover 10 years of change.

Global surface Coverage Data (GLOBALLAND30) is the national "863" plan key Project "Global surface cover remote sensing mapping and key technology research" over 4 years of scientific results, by the National Mapping Geographic Information Bureau led by the Ministry of Science and Technology, and other ministries of 18 units to complete together.

The sky falls to the "data". The data, which fills the world's gaps, has been serving the world Geoscience Research to provide services for global sustainable development planning. Xu, a leading proponent of the global surface coverage Data project, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a renowned remote sensing expert, said, "It is a landmark event in China and the world for geoscience research." ”

Up to now, a total of more than 80 countries, more than 1200 users have downloaded more than 51,000 pictures, the global surface coverage of the site's "fans" active.

Revealing "Atlas"

What is the "30 m resolution surface coverage data"?

Surface cover is a complex of various material types and their natural attributes and characteristics of the Earth's surface, which can reflect the landscape pattern formed by most human land use activities. The 30-meter resolution and photo pixel principle, the higher the resolution of the more clearly, "Look at the map to speak" (analysis of the elements) the more accurate.

The surface cover data is very important, global change research, ecological environment research can not be separated from it. Count it, the research on climate change, land use and change research, ecological environment and biodiversity research, surface cover change and classification of the United Nations and member countries, as well as our country's current National Geographic situation, are all based on the ground cover data as the basic map and indispensable. In the future, land use, urban construction, urban management, including "All the way" construction to use it. The dazzling thing about this set is that the data alignment of two time nodes in the last 10 years can provide a strong support for global surface cover change analysis, provide scientific tools for United Nations to promote global sustainable development planning, monitoring and decision-making, and also strongly promote the data sharing in the Global Earth observation and geoscience fields.

What is the difference between a 30-meter-resolution surface map and a Google map?

"Google Maps is just an image that can be viewed, and a 30-meter surface cover map can be used to measure and analyze surface coverage type information directly." "In a conference room in China's innovation base for surveying and mapping, the President of the International Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote sensing, the chief engineer of the National Basic Geographic Information Center, and the global 30-meter resolution Earth-MAP-remote Sensing mapping project," Chen, a computer screen told the economics daily. For example, with a mobile phone for you to take a big head photo (the equivalent of Google Maps), I can only give someone to describe your facial features correct, eyes are very large, but the eyes specific, the size of the nose, the overall proportion of whether to reach beauty standards can not be measured. However, the surface cover map can calculate the top ten types of surface cover accurate data, tell which areas of the richest water resources, where the forest coverage is higher, where the most arable land. And every corner of the world 10 years of change can also be seen clearly, do have "number" in mind.

Solve the world's problems

It is undeniable that the development of 30-meter resolution surface cover map has been a worldwide problem, and there is a lack of such a comprehensive and high-precision data set and coverage chart reflecting the current situation and changes of global surface coverage.

The United States and the European Union have made use of low spatial resolution space remote sensing data, developed 7 sets of spatial resolution of 300 meters and 1000 meters of low resolution global surface coverage data products, but due to lack of space details, classification accuracy is not high, the consistency between different products is poor, far from meeting the application needs.

More than 400 scientific and technological workers in our country have done a great deal of scientific and technological innovation to accurately understand the fine extraction, product quality control, and the best coverage and effective disposal of the full factor surface cover drawing. Chen revealed that the results of this data first achieved high quality global image coverage, especially the optimal processing of multi-source images. A complete set of geometric, radiative and multiple phase reconstruction methods for 30 m multi source images is designed. For example, for black stripe, cloud occlusion processing. The second is bold innovation, create a Pok method of surface cover mapping, so that the water and wetland and other 10 major objects of the same object, the same spectral phenomenon of foreign bodies is effectively resolved. As you know, from satellite photos, the first distinction is between color discrimination, the same is the shooting of water, the photos taken in different regions may be greatly different. Sometimes a cloud of clouds projected onto the ground would be misinterpreted as a water body, and sometimes a cloud-shrouded wetland would be wrongly sentenced to water, requiring technicians to use comprehensive knowledge to assist the computer to interpret it severely. In the global complex landscape, the use of innovative Pok method, so that the results of data classification accuracy (accuracy) of more than 80%, standing in the forefront of the world. Thirdly, new methods such as surface covering heterogeneous data and heterogeneous service integration release and intensive service computing are put forward, and the first global 30 meters surface covering information service platform is created, which effectively supports the data product development and the results sharing service.

It is understood that the project has been obtained and applied for more than 20 national patents. The United Nations Under-Secretary-General Hongbo wrote in his microblog that the global surface coverage of 30 meters of precision data software (platform) is the world's most accurate and free use of similar software. This is the national Mapping Geographic Information Bureau for the international community to make outstanding contributions to the Chinese scientific and technological personnel for the light.

Large data to promote applications

The data results are being served to promote global change research and sustainable development planning.

The World Conservation Monitoring Center at the University of Cambridge, which is using large data to measure biodiversity key variables, quickly calculates the changes in the Earth's surface cover over the past 10 years in 210,000 of the world's protected areas. The centre's director, Hatton, said we had been waiting for 30 years for such a biodiversity assessment.

With this data, the National Center for Remote Sensing and the National Key Laboratory of remote Sensing of the Chinese Academy of Sciences completed the national Ecological and Environmental Monitoring 2013 annual report, concluded that: 2000 to 2010 the Global new urban and rural construction land ratio of 5.08%, In the new 57,400 sq km urban and rural construction land, occupy the most is the arable land, accounted for 50.26%, followed by the grassland, woodland, shrub land, bare land, wetlands and water.

So what is the United Nations going to do with it? A joint statement on global surface coverage of 30 m resolution to the United Nations, signed by the National Geographic Information Bureau for Surveying and Mapping of China and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, which will be held by the United Nations and made available free of charge to Member States, United Nations system agencies and the international community, As an effective way of supporting the United Nations system agencies and Member States in scientific decision-making, sustainable development objectives and the measurement and monitoring of key environmental factors in the 2015-year development agenda.

"China, as the largest developing country in the world, has dedicated cutting-edge data products with extremely high scientific research value to the world, which embodies the responsibility of the great Powers, and also shows that China's surveying and mapping industry has made an important breakthrough from general to substantive support." "The United Nations Global Geographic Information management Expert Committee co-Chair, national Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Bureau deputy director Li Bong said."

Although our country has realized the leaping development in the global surface cover remote sensing cartography, this only preliminarily solves the problem of "from scratch". Chen that to maintain our international advantage and influence in this field, to be the leader, we still need to solve the problems such as "from the best", "from data to Knowledge", "from the results to the service", which requires the continued support of the State, the need to strengthen international cooperation and innovation, so that "the United States map" better to the world and serve the International