30 anniversary of the birth of modern PC: Ten milestone products (PHOTOS)

Introduction: August 12, 2012 is the 30 anniversary of the birth of modern PC, the United States Wired Magazine Network edition of the modern PC 30 years of development history reviewed. The following is a summary of the article: August 12, 1981, IBM 5150 was born. This is not the first similar device, for example, the Xerox Palo Research Centre (PARC) has previously introduced a "home computer".　　But the success of IBM's PC, especially its 5150 success, has changed the way people think about computers and pushed the popularity of computers. IBM's 5150 status is critical in the development of the PC, and the Times even rated it as the "annual Machine" of 1982. The following is the 30 years of the birth of modern PC Ten most milestone products: IBM 5150 was born 1, 1981: IBM 5150 born IBM on August 12, 1981 released the 5150 PC. It's a far cry from the nearest PC: 4.77MHz 8 to 16-bit 8088 processors. Although the processor has less performance than Intel and Motorola chips, IBM says other processors are "too powerful" for PCs.　　5150 also uses 64KB of RAM, up to 256KB, one or two floppy drives, and a black-and-white screen. The 5150 development lasted less than 1 years, with a total of 12 team members, led by Tang Estelic (Don estridge).　　The development of the project is code-named "Chess Project" (Project Chess), and all off-the-shelf parts are used. According to the configuration, 5150 of the unit price between 1565 to 6000 U.S. dollars, equivalent to the current 4000 to 15,000 U.S. dollars. 5150 of the success of the IBM PC as an industry standard, and attracted a large number of imitators, thereby driving the PC market prosperity. Commodore 64 2, 1982: Commodore 64 released Commodore 64 was released in January 1982 and became the best-selling computer at the time. The price of the product was as low as $595, but Commodore Analysys finally decided to cut its price to $400 as it was too popular.　　Before the shutdown, the computer's total sales reached 17 million units. Although Commodore 64 is a PC, it is often used in contrast to gaming consoles, and it does compete with game consoles. The final ninja (the last Ninja) and the Little Computer Man (Little Computer arranges) helped the product become a superstar in the gaming world.　　The Commodore 64 compliant program reached 10,000. Commodore 64 has ceased production, but has not been forgotten. Today still can be in Mac, PC, Nintendo DS, Sony PlayStation and even smartphones find the Commodore 64 simulator. For enthusiasts, you can even buy Commodore 64, which uses the Intel (Atom) processor, but starts at $600. First Macintosh 3, 1984: The first Macintosh was born January 24, 1984, the first Macintosh computer was born.　　This product is distinguished from previous PCs because of its novelty features such as a mouse and a graphical interface. The Macintosh 128K bundled MacPaint and macwrite two software specifically for Mac OS 1.0 's new interface.　　When the Mac integrates LaserWriter and Aldus PageMaker, desktop publishing has become a common fashion. The first Macintosh was launched during the "Super Bowl" rugby game, and some famous advertisements were released. The 2500-dollar product uses a 8MHZ processor, a floppy drive, two serial ports and a 9-inch Black-and-white display. IBM PC Convertible 4, 1986: IBM PC revision IBM PC convertible is IBM's first notebook computer and the first laptop with a 3.5-inch floppy drive.　　And you can remove the battery. This product uses DOS 3.1 system, built-in Intel 80c88 CPU, the frequency is 4.77MHZ. The memory is 256KB to 640KB. This laptop is equipped with a monochrome LCD screen and a handle.　　While incorporating components into smaller spaces through state-of-the-art technology, the 13-pound (5.9 kg) notebook is still too large today. Convertible has a strong expansion capability, printer, CRT monitor adapter, serial and adaptor adapters, and built-in modems. But if you add all the peripherals, the weight will reach 20 lbs (about 9 kilograms). The size is also 7 inches larger than the original (approximately 17.78 cm). IBM resetting 5, 1987: IBM PC vs. Macintosh IBM was trying to defeat the Macintosh, and finally in 1987 with IBM resetting to fight back.　　This is not IBM's best-selling product, but it does offer a number of advantages for PCs. Resetting makes the 3.5-inch floppy drive and video card The standard configuration of the IBM PC and the first IBM PC with a mouse. The product has multiple versions, including model 25 and 30.　　Model 25 has a color screen and black and white screens are optional. At the end of 1987, IBM resetting sold more than 1 million units. At the same time, 1987 also became the 5150 year of the Dead: IBMOn April 2, 1987 officially announced the production of the product. Next Computer 6, 1990: Jobs, Next, and Nextsation, after leaving Apple in 1985, Steve Jobs created next. The new computer company launched a variety of computers in the late 80 and early 90, including next Computer, used by Berners-Lee (Tim Berners) to develop the World Wide Web.　　But the most notable models are probably nextstation. Nextsation is a high-end workstation that didn't stop production until 1993. Although it has never been widely accepted by consumers, when Apple acquired next in 1996, the OpenStep operating system and the visual elements of the product eventually appeared in the Mac OS X and PowerPC architectures. Intel launches Pentium Processor 7, 1993: Intel launches Pentium processor Intel March 22, 1993 launched its Pentium processor, the first Intel processor with a non-numeric name and a x86 architecture. In addition, Intel has also launched the Superscalar chip architecture for x86, enabling such chips to execute multiple instructions at the same time.　　In other words, it's a chip that Intel developed for a faster VW PC. Unfortunately, Pentium has also become one of Intel's biggest failures.　　Some flaws in the first generation of Pentium processors can cause "floating-point errors" that cause huge losses to the company. Today, the Pentium brand has been downgraded, and the core is Intel's flagship brand. Microsoft releases Windows 95 8, 1995: Microsoft releases Windows 4.0 published on August 24, 1995, but it is more known for its name is Windows 95.　　Prior to that, Microsoft developed windows and MS-DOS as two stand-alone systems, and Windows 95 consolidated the two, and upgraded 16-bit architectures to 32-bit. The graphical user interface for Windows 95 has also improved significantly from previous versions. Classic Windows elements, such as the taskbar and Start menu, are inherited from Windows 95. At the same time, Windows 95 has also boosted the PC market, and other hardware has been transformed.　　The floppy drive starts with the CD-ROM drive, which becomes the standard PC configuration. After less than two years of publication, Windows 95 became the most successful operating system at the time, defeating rivals such as powering, and spawned a series of follow-on offerings, including Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows XP, and disappointing Windows Vista. 64-bit processor rise 9, 2003:64-bit processor JueAMD launched the Fast Dragon (Athlon) 64-bit processor in 2003, followed by IBM's 64-bit processor PowerPC 970, which was renamed Power PC G5 when it was used for Apple Mac.　　Intel also launched its own 64-bit processor the following year. Prior to this, 64-bit processors were never popular in the consumer market, only used in supercomputers and enterprise servers.　　But in 2003 years, consumer software and computing habits have reached the limit of 32-bit processors, so 64-bit processors are becoming mainstream. High-speed 64-bit processors are not limited to PCs. Nintendo and Sony's gaming consoles also use 64-bit processors. Tablet 10, now: The ipad, launched by Mr Jobs in 2010, has revolutionized the computer industry, especially the way people interact. The mouse disappears and the keyboard is no use.　　For devices that use capacitive touch screens, a variety of operations can be achieved by sliding and clicking, which dominates the mobile computing market. In the 1990 and 2000, many consumers began replacing or supplementing desktops with better mobile laptops. Users ' expectations have changed: instead of just wanting to use PCs at home or in the office, they want to use the computer anytime, anywhere, and get information.　　This has spawned netbooks and MacBook Air and other hyper-portable computers. Tablets are not new ideas. Apple 1993 has developed a newton similar to a tablet computer, and Microsoft launched its tablet program in 2001. But now, tablets are everywhere, and many models and brands have been spawned. But it all started at IBM 5150 30 ago. (Ding Macro)