A brief account of the development of the major enterprises in cloud computing

Cloud computing has been a hot topic recently. Because of its unique inclusion of the a variety of technology mix, but also has a high degree of maturity, and large companies to promote the rapid development can be seen. Giants such as Amazon, Google, IBM, Microsoft and Yahoo are all pioneers in cloud computing. Other companies that have succeeded in cloud computing include Salesforce, Facebook, Youtube and Myspace.

Amazon uses flexible computing Clouds (EC2) and simple storage services (S3) to provide computing and storage services to users. The service items are: Storage server, bandwidth, CPU resources and monthly fee. This month's rent is about the same as the monthly fee for the phone; Storage servers and bandwidth are charged according to capacity; the CPU charges according to the duration (hour) calculation. Amazon has only spent a very short time making cloud computing a big deal: in less than two years, Amazon's registered developers have reached 440,000, and there are numerous enterprise-level users. According to data from a statistical agency, Amazon relies on a cloud-related business to earn $100 million trillion. Cloud computing is one of Amazon's fastest growing businesses.

Google is the biggest consumer of cloud computing. Google search engines are built on the support of more than 1 million servers in more than 200 locations, and the number of these facilities is growing rapidly. Google Earth, maps, Gmail and docs also use these infrastructures. Using apps like Google docs, user data is stored somewhere on the internet and can be accessed easily through any Internet-connected system. Currently, Google has allowed third parties to run large parallel applications via Google App engine in Google's cloud computing. Google deserves to be praised for its not being conservative. It has already published its three magic weapons of cloud computing in the form of academic papers: GFS, MapReduce and BigTable, and offering courses on how to program cloud computing in universities such as the US and China.

In November 2007, IBM launched the "Game Changing" "Blue Cloud" computing platform to provide customers with the use of the cloud computing platform. It includes a range of automated, self-management, and self-healing virtualization cloud computing software that enables applications from around the world to access distributed, large server pools. Enables data centers to run computations in an environment similar to the Internet. IBM is working with 17 European organizations to launch a cloud computing project. The EU has provided 170 million euros as part of the funding. The plan is named Reservoir, with the slogan "Accessibility to resources and services virtualization". In August 2008, IBM announced it would invest about 400 million dollars for its cloud computing data center in North Carolina State and Tokyo, Japan. IBM plans to invest 300 million dollars in 10 countries to build 13 cloud computing centers in 2009.

Microsoft followed cloud computing and launched its Windows Azure operating system in October 2008. Azure (translated as "Blue Sky") is another disruptive transformation of Microsoft after Windows replaces DOS-by creating a new cloud computing platform on the Internet architecture that allows Windows to truly reach the "blue sky" from PCs. Microsoft has the world's billions of Windows user desktops and browsers, and now it connects them to the blue sky. The bottom of Azure is Microsoft's Global infrastructure service system, made up of fourth generation data centers around the world.

The novelty of cloud computing is that it provides virtually unlimited storage and computing power. New York's Animoto venture has proved the power of cloud computing. Animoto allows users to upload pictures and music, automatically generate web-based video speeches, and share them with friends. The website currently offers free service to registered users. At the beginning of 2008, the website was about 5000 users a day. In mid-April, as Facebook users began using Animoto services, the site jumped to 750,000 users within three days. Animoto co-founder Stevie Clifton said the company needs to increase its server capacity by 100 times times to meet the rise in user demand, but the site has neither the funds nor the capacity to build such a huge computational capacity. As a result, the site works with cloud computing services company Rightscale to design applications that can be used in Amazon's Web cloud. Through this initiative, the site greatly improved computing power, and cost only 10 cents per hour per server. This approach also strengthens the flexibility of entrepreneurial ventures. When demand drops, Animoto reduces server spending by simply reducing the number of servers used.

In China, the development of cloud computing is also very rapid. May 10, 2008, IBM in China Wuxi Taihu New Town Science and Education Industrial Park established China's first cloud computing center into operation. June 24, 2008, IBM in Beijing IBM China Innovation Center set up a second China's cloud computing center IBM Greater China Region Cloud Computing Center; November 28, 2008, Guangdong Electronic Industry Research Institute and Dongguan Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industrial Park Management Committee signed, Guangdong Electronic Industry Research Institute will invest 200 million yuan to build cloud computing platform in Dongguan Songshan Lake; December 30, 2008, Alibaba Group's subsidiary company Ali Software and the Nanjing municipal Government of Jiangsu Province formally signed a 2009-year strategic cooperation framework agreement, planned in early 2009 in Nanjing to establish the first domestic " E-commerce cloud Computing Center ", the first investment will reach billion yuan; century interconnection launched the Cloudex product line, including the complete Internet hosting service" Cloudex Computing Services ", based on online storage virtualization" Cloudex Storage Service "for individuals and businesses to carry out the Internet cloud Backup data security services, and so on a series of internet cloud computing services; The China Mobile Research Institute for Cloud Computing started earlier and has completed the Cloud Computing Center experiment. Mobile Chairman and CEO Wang Wang believes that cloud computing and Internet mobility is the future direction of development.

The concept of "cloud security" created by Chinese enterprises is unique in the field of international cloud computing. Cloud security through the network of a large number of clients on the Internet Software behavior anomaly monitoring, access to the Internet Trojan, malicious program of the latest information, pushed to the server for automatic analysis and processing, and then the virus and Trojan solution distributed to each client. The strategy of cloud security is: The more users, the more secure each user, because such a large group of users, enough to cover every corner of the internet, as long as a site is hanging horse or a new Trojan virus appears, it will be intercepted immediately. The development of cloud security like a gust of wind, rising, trends, Kaspersky, MCAFEE, SYMANTEC, Jiangmin technology, PANDA, Jinshan, 360 security guards, card card Internet Security Assistants have launched a cloud security solutions. Rising based on cloud security strategy developed 2009 new, daily interception of millions of Trojan attacks, of which January 8 is more than 7.65 million times. Trend Technology Cloud security has been set up in the world 5 large data centers, tens of thousands of of online servers. It is reported that the cloud security can support an average of 5.5 billion clicks a day to query, collect analysis of 250 million samples a day, the database first hit rate can reach 99%. With the help of cloud security, trend technology now blocks up to 10 million infections a day.

It is worth mentioning that the core idea of cloud security is very close to [1][2] as the anti-spam grid proposed by Peng as early as 2003. Peng at the time that spam was rampant and could not be automatically filtered by technology, because the artificial intelligence method relied on was not mature technology. The biggest feature of spam is that it sends the same content to millions of recipients. To do this, you can build a distributed statistical and learning platform, the collaborative computing of large-scale users to filter spam: First, the user installed the client, for each message received to calculate a unique "fingerprint", through the "fingerprint" can be counted similar to the number of copies of the message, when the number of copies reached a certain number, You can decide that the message is spam; second, since more than one computer has more information on the Internet than a single computer, a distributed Bayesian learning algorithm can be used to implement collaborative learning processes on hundreds of client machines, collecting, analyzing and sharing the latest information. Anti-spam grid embodies the real idea of the grid, each user to join the system is not only the object of service, but also the completion of the distributed statistical function of an information node, with the continuous expansion of the system scale, the system filtering the accuracy of spam messages will also improve. The use of large-scale statistical methods to filter spam is more mature than the artificial intelligence method, not prone to false positives, the practicality is very strong. The anti-spam grid uses the collaborative work of millions of hosts distributed across the internet to build a "Skynet" that intercepts spam. After the idea of anti-spam grid was put forward, the Cluster 2003 International conference was selected as the outstanding Grid project in Hong Kong for a live demonstration, in 2004, the International Symposium on Grid Computing made a special report and on-site demonstrations, resulting in more extensive attention, By China's largest mail service provider NetEase company founder Ding Lei and other attention. Since spam can be handled like this, viruses, trojans and so on, this is not far from the idea of cloud security. The above describes the cloud computing center.