Analysis of the factors restricting the current non-cash payments in rural areas

Analysis of abound MX restrict non-cash payments in rural area presently/Fan Shulin zhiping In recent years, non-cash payments in rural areas have been " Rooting and germination "has a certain degree of development, and shows a vitality, for the vast number of rural areas to provide a relatively fast, safe and flexible payment and liquidation services."　　However, the development of non-cash payment in rural areas is slow, and the Non-cash payment service is still at a low level, and it has not formed a function perfect, the tool is sound, the settlement efficient Non-cash payment service network, is anxious to "thrive". Analysis of the factors restricting the non-cash payment service in rural areas 1. There are few Non-cash payment service institutions in rural areas, fewer service outlets and fewer service machines. The main performance is: first, the rural area Non-cash payment service organization is the exclusively bank financial institution, and the rural credit cooperatives and the postal savings institutions account for more than 70% of the rural Non-cash payment service institutions. Second, with the transformation of the state-owned commercial banks ' operation strategy and the quickening of the reform pace, the state-owned commercial banks have withdrawn from the rural areas, and the service outlets have gradually faded out of the countryside; the rural credit cooperatives also withdrew a large number of credit branches and credit stations for risk and safety. Rural financial services outlets are increasingly "scarce", especially in Township (town), village two regional non-cash payment service network is "scarce", and even the "blind zone" of service.　　Third, the rural areas of Non-cash payment automatic service equipment is not in place, such as ATM automatic teller machine, self-service terminals, POS machines and other electronic services products in the countryside is seriously missing, in many rural areas it is difficult to find a pos machine "Fang". 2. The liquidation system of non-cash payments funds in rural areas "short legs", the bank card operating range is narrower. The main performance is: first, the rural fund clearing system is mainly supported by the fund clearing system of rural credit cooperatives, while the Rural Credit cooperatives fund clearing system mainly relies on the large small payment system and the integrated business system, on the one hand, all the provincial rural credit cooperatives belong to the provincial governments, and the integrated business core system platform is developed by the The electronic construction of the rural credit cooperatives lacks uniform technical norms, fragmented and diverse software versions, which brings difficulties to the interconnection of the provinces, and seriously affects the process of the electronic construction of the rural credit cooperatives ' payment and settlement. On the other hand, the small payment system and the same city clearing system have zero coverage in township. Even the villages and towns in the same county have extended the money in transit time by transferring funds across the system. Second, as the mainstream of non-cash payment tools in rural areas, bank cards are mainly the green card of postal savings institutions and the cards issued by rural credit cooperatives, are basically debit cards, the introduction of a shorter time, fewer cards, and less additional functions, on the one hand, the bank card can not be fully realized across the line transfer, can only be handled on the counter, to access cash-oriented On the other hand, the cards issued by rural credit cooperatives failed to achieve national "Cartoon ", for the migrant workers in the capital flow caused inconvenience. 3. Farmers tend to be "alienated" from Non-cash payments in a conceptual sense. Rural areas generally lag behind, farmers thought more traditional, "cash for the king, holding money for the winter," the idea is still deep-rooted, cash with its visible, touch, instantaneous completion of the advantages of the settlement is popular, the farmer funds settlement way still prefer cash payments.　　And for Non-cash payment services slow response, that non-cash payments can not see, touch, there is always a feeling of not practical, so not very willing to accept non-cash payment services. 4. The efficiency and quality of non-cash payment services in rural areas is "not satisfactory". The main performance is as follows: first, the distribution of payment and settlement services in rural areas is wide and dispersed, the non-cash payment and settlement service is difficult to be fully covered because of the characteristics of immediate, local transaction, small settlement amount, "hand-paid, delivery" and wide trading scope, strong liquidity and seasonal performance of the transaction.　　Second, the rural areas of non-cash payment services across the line, cross-regional liquidation capacity is poor, the National Unified Fund clearing platform to play a full role, and most of the bank's business outlets can not carry out the same city across the system liquidation, directly affect the promotion of non-cash payment services. 5. The explicit cost of Non-cash transactions is high, and some of the fee system has become a "barrier" to the promotion of non-cash payment services. The main performance is: a non-cash payment service dominant cost is mainly manifested as settlement fees, cash payment costs are not obvious. such as: Handling a bank promissory note directly performance for customers to pay 1 yuan handling fees, and cash payments often have no obvious economic costs. Second, the financial institutions to the Non-cash payment settlement of the general implementation of the charging system, such as transfer fees, trans-transaction fees, settlement accounts bank card annual fees, for rural users, the small settlement business, relatively high settlement fees, in order to save costs, more willing to use cash transactions, both intuitive and simple,　　Rather than use other Non-cash payment settlement tools. Measures to promote non-cash payment services in rural areas 1. From the service system, actively encourage all kinds of financial institutions to enter the rural market. First, we should actively guide and support the existing rural financial institutions to give full play to the functions of rural financial services, strengthen the rural financial service consciousness, extend the service tentacles, and make full efforts to do the rural Non-cash payment service. Rural credit cooperatives should rationally layout urban and rural outlets, and set up credit service stations on the basis of risk prevention, and truly become the main force of rural financial services. The Postal Savings Bank should quicken the system reform, make the more extensive rural postal savings organization transform into the real bank, can handle various payment and settlement business, enlarge the agricultural business scope of postal Savings Bank. The Agricultural bank should take advantage of the platform of "benefiting card" and deepen the comprehensive function to improve the scope and level of rural financial services. The Agricultural Development Bank should take the Dongfeng of the system reform, strengthen the liquidation function of the rural fund, build the rural non-cash payment service camp, become the vanguard of the rural Non-cash payment service. The second is to adjust and relax the access policy of the banking financial institutions in rural areas and reduce the quasiEnter the threshold, and actively guide the rural banks, rural funds mutual, microfinance companies, such as new rural financial institutions in the countryside, and further optimize the rural financial services, and the existing rural financial institutions of benign competition, the formation of rural financial services complementary to win the situation. 2. From the hardware construction, increase the rural financial infrastructure investment. The first is to actively guide rural financial institutions to increase infrastructure investment, to support rural financial institutions to join the payment system, so that the payment clearing network is really extended to the township, promote the micro-payment system withdrawal, such as the implementation of the business, improve the efficiency of payment system utilization. At the same time, it supports the new rural financial institutions to adopt low-cost access payment system in various ways, gradually construct the urban-rural payment settlement network, smooth the rural payment and clearing channels, and improve the efficiency of the settlement of funds in rural areas. In particular, rural credit cooperatives should change the pattern of "fragmentation" as soon as possible, and all join the bank payment and liquidation system. At the same time actively and UnionPay company to negotiate, issue with its own characteristics of the bank card, to achieve the national "one card." and gradually enrich the function of the bank card to improve the efficiency of the use of bank cards and their own benefits. Second, to further encourage and urge the banking institutions to increase the rural delivery of ATM machines and POS terminal equipment, to achieve each township has ATM, each supermarket has a POS machine, in order to improve the underdeveloped areas of rural per capita ATM occupancy. The third is to improve the transfer of bills in rural areas, and to explore the use of video transmission technology, so that rural financial institutions directly participate in the county of the city Bill Exchange, shorten the transit time of capital remittance.　　On the premise of adding a small payment system to the rural financial institutions, it is encouraged to join the cheque image Exchange system to realize the true nationwide check. 3. From the service projects, gradually enrich the rural needs of Non-cash payment tool products. First, the appropriate simplification of client accounts in rural areas, the establishment of appropriate rural areas to manage the use of accounts to facilitate the use of rural areas. Second, the steady development of rural areas of bank drafts and commercial bills, such as Bill Business, to allow eligible financial institutions to deal with the issue and acceptance of bank drafts business, and steadily develop credit unions banks, the commercial bills of exchange business. Allow some of the rural credit cooperatives to deal with the discount, the People's Bank for their discount business, in order to improve the ability to handle bills business, improve the amount of bills and the use of the settlement, widen the settlement channels. Third, for rural areas of the telephone more popular and easy to use and some farmers have opened the characteristics of computer networks, and gradually promote the application of online banking, telephone banking and other new payment tools to improve the level of payment services in rural areas. Four is to explore the establishment of different needs groups, different areas of payment tools research and development mechanism, to promote the diversification of payment tools and comprehensive financial products and personalized financial services.　　Five is to actively formulate the rural Non-cash payment service rules, further to the various types of rural non-cash payment services to standardize. 4. To foster the Non-cash payment habits of rural residents and enterprises from the direction of propaganda. The first is to enlarge the knowledge of paying in rural areasDissemination of power, improve awareness. Not only should you tell farmers what to pay for the settlement, more important is to tell them which products are suitable for them, and cash compared to what benefits, how to use. And in the business outlets to set up a consultation desk, at any time to answer customer inquiries and questions, to help them understand and use a variety of payment and settlement tools, and gradually change the rural residents cash payment habits.　　The second is to provide differentiated services for different customer groups, for ordinary farmers and migrant workers, to guide the use of different payment and settlement, to the large amount of settlement of the species breeding specialist, cheque transfer and clearing mainly to provide services. 5. Reduce the cost of non-cash payments in rural areas from service charges. One is to reduce the cost of Non-cash payment service is an effective means to improve the application level of non-cash payment tools in rural areas, low or even free non-cash payment service charge price can greatly increase the Non-cash payment service to the farmer's attraction. The People's bank could consider reducing the cost of electronic transfers in rural areas, encouraging eligible rural financial institutions to join the payment system, and ensuring that they did not pass on the cost of access to clients. Actively guide the UnionPay company and the issuing agencies, the receiving agencies jointly study and formulate the profit distribution mechanism of the bank cards in rural areas, reduce the handling fee standard of the special merchants, encourage the financial institutions to put up ATM and POS machines in rural supermarkets and market places through interest incentive mechanism, and improve the number of the merchants and provide convenient conditions for the farmers to swipe cards.　　Second, the government finance can be based on the rural financial institutions in the Non-cash payment service of different types of services, different types of business to give a certain fee subsidy, and exempt rural financial institutions rural Non-cash payment service fee income tax, so as to mobilize rural financial institutions to promote the use of non-cash payment services. (Fan Shulin is vice president of PBC Linfen Central Branch, Zhiping is vice president of PBC Anze County Branch)