Big data is becoming a new embodiment of national competitiveness

Reasons for implementing a large data strategy

(i) Large data has become an important strategic resource

Large data is a strategic resource as important as natural resources and human resources. The United States suggests that big data is strategically comparable to industrial-era oil. The large data industry in the United States has entered a large-scale commercialization phase and has penetrated into many fields such as economy, politics, education, security and social management. The Obama team put big data analysis into the campaign, digging through the massive data collected and stored over the past two years, searching for and locking potential voters, and using digital strategies to position centrist voters and raise election money. The EU sees big data as an important force for economic growth. The December 2011 EU report noted that the full opening of data resources, such as geographical information, statistics, meteorological data, public funding research projects and digital libraries, produced, collected or undertaken by European Union public institutions, is expected to bring 40 billion euros of economic growth to the EU each year. British Center for Economics and Business Studies The CEBR?2012 study further confirms the economic value of large data, with data assets worth 25.1 billion in 2011 for private and public sector companies in the UK, and 40.7 billion in 2017. South Korea believes that public data has become an important national asset with social and economic value. The "Smart Seoul 2015" program points out that "Seoul Open data is an Open data center with 33 databases and 880 datasets that provide users with the top ten types of public data information, including childcare services, public transport routes, bus arrival time, parking spaces, Regional weather forecasts and restaurant recommendations cover all aspects of life.

(ii) Large data has become a huge engine for enterprise development

The success of the "Facebook" and "net Flying" project marks the rapid development of information technology enterprises to promote large data business. In recent years, IBM has been keen on acquisitions in the field of data mining and data analysis, with $16 billion trillion in acquisitions of more than 30 large data companies, and Oracle's acquisition of oil, electricity and water dataraker companies to drive large data applications; Information multinationals such as Microsoft, Google and Intel have been transformed into big data companies. Traditional companies are also actively exploring the use of large data innovation business models, such as Ford Motor Company in Silicon Valley to create laboratories to deal with a large number of car-related data. Tesco, the UK's largest supermarket chain, has started to use large data technology to collect and analyze information about its customer's behavior, to sum up the consumption habits of specific customers and the potential consumer demand in the near future, and to develop targeted promotional programs to provide more efficient marketing models for Tesco. Open source projects with large data technologies provide opportunities for individual entrepreneurship, and start-ups continue to emerge. The June 2011 McKinsey study noted that the use of large data would be a key ingredient in future competitiveness, productivity, innovation and the creation of a consumer surplus, the most striking difference between a leader and other companies.

Enterprises have begun to recognize the importance of data strategy to the operation of enterprises and the direction of future development of enterprises. A survey by Gartner, Japan, says more than 60% of companies are actively considering the big data. At the same time, it is expected that by 2016, the number of large Japanese enterprises actively committed to large data projects will increase by one-fold, 70% of which will involve the business and business sectors outside the IT sector. Enterprises begin to attach importance to the in-depth analysis and mining of the value of large data, and promote the transformation from "business-driven" to "data-driven". Large data is driving the innovation of Enterprise's decision model, operation mode and competition mode, and the enterprise's Big data strategy is advancing rapidly, which becomes an important part of enterprise development strategy and constitutes a new profit model.

(iii) Rapid development of large data applications

In recent years, large data development has been widely concerned, the application has been everywhere. The experience of the United States has proved that the internet industry, business intelligence and consulting services, retail industry benefited the most, medical, health, transportation, logistics and even biotechnology, astronomy and other fields began to recognize the value of large data. The McKinsey report noted that large data saved America's health services industry by $300 billion a year, saving 250 billion euros per year for European public sector management, contributing $100 billion to global personal location data service providers, and helping to increase the net profit growth of the US retail industry by 60%, helping the manufacturing industry in product development, Assembly and other links to save 50% of the cost. Market research firm MarketsandMarkets predicts that from 2013 to 2018, the global data market grew at a composite annual rate of 26% and is expected to grow from $14.87 billion to $46.34 billion trillion.

(iv) Innovation as a direct cause of large data strategy

The financial crisis has forced the government to improve policy transparency and innovate the way of government management to change the current predicament. The timely emergence of large data has become the most important impetus to promote management innovation, improve public service efficiency and stimulate economic growth. Japan's big data strategy is centred on "creating new markets and boosting economic growth". America's Big Data strategy focuses on improving U.S. research, education and national security capabilities and social management capabilities. The EU's Open data strategy is centred on open data, with innovation, growth and transparent governance as the engine. South Korea to "use large data to solve the public's small annoyance" to build a smart city infrastructure needed to promote the information technology and public service industry progress and development.

Main approaches to implementing large data strategies

(a) High position, the joint efforts to promote

Developed countries have fully recognized the strategic value of large data and put it at the height of national strategies. The United States considers its importance to be comparable to the "Information superhighway" program. March 29, 2012, the United States issued a "large data research and development plan", and the formation of "large data senior Steering Group", involving the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Energy, the Ministry of Defence and other 6 federal departments, the Government has also advocated enterprises, scientific research institutions and non-profit organizations to concentrate Together to promote the development of large data, at the national strategic level to form a whole mobilization pattern. The EU believes that the big data is the innovation tool, the innovation material, its Open data strategy from the European Union overall height request member countries to promote the big data development together, coordinates member and the EU's action strategy, along with revises the supplementary law, the capital investment, the establishment public information platform and so on advancement. The Government of Singapore considers that large data is "the currency of the future", the government departments together from the infrastructure, industrial chain, talent, technology and legislation of the five major systems to promote large data construction, to make up for the enterprise development of large data, greatly promote the development of large data and applications.

(ii) Focus, huge investment

The government has selectively focused on large data. The United States is a big data leader, with 200 million of billions of dollars focused on large data analysis and large data applications in areas such as healthcare, weather and defense. The French government is targeting start-ups, software manufacturers, engineers, information systems designers, and so on, to invest 11.5 million euros to support 7 investment projects. In the context of the economic downturn and financial constraints, the government injected 600 million pounds to support the development of 8 types of High-tech, of which large data technology to win the top, to obtain 189 million pounds of money, energy-saving calculation is its important support. The United Nations "global pulsation" strategy, which aims to promote global economic growth, with a focus on predicting unemployment, spending cuts or disease outbreaks in certain areas, and using digital early warning signals to guide aid projects in advance

(iii) Integration of data to strengthen public infrastructure platform

It has become an important part of the development of large data strategy to set up public basic platform by the Government to properly open and effectively integrate data. 2009, the United States data.gov officially online, according to the original, geographical data and data tools three categories Open data. As of November 2012, Data.gov has opened 388529 original data and geographical data. To further improve the functionality of the Data.gov platform, new features such as grading of data, advanced search, user communication and interaction with social networking sites are added. At the same time, the United States has built a OGPL platform that provides Open-source government platform code and allows any city, organization or government agency to create open sites. The British government issued a new government digital strategy to enable government services to achieve "default digital", that is, "digital service is simple and convenient, any users can use the digital services, and users do not exclude the use of". The UK has pledged to open a core public database on transport, weather and Health 2015 years ago, and will invest 10 million pounds in establishing the world's first Open Data Institute. The EU Open Data strategy will focus on three aspects of data processing technology, data portals and research data infrastructure aimed at free access by European companies and citizens to all information of the EU's public administration and the creation of a "pan-European portal" that collects data from different Member States and European institutions.

(iv) Application-driven, accelerated development

The Government attaches great importance to actively promoting the application of large data, creating demand, speeding up the industrialization of large data and the process of the city. The United States is the most representative, large data government, civil application of a wide range of industrialization process fast. The government has started to analyze the decision based on large data in the fields of public policy, opinion monitoring, crime prediction and anti-terrorism. Enhance social service capacity with large data applications. Through the excavation of large data, population, transportation, medical and other public utilities have realized the real-time analysis of population flow, traffic congestion and epidemic spread. As Florida State Miami-Dade County, the dozens of key county government jobs and Miami are closely linked to help governments provide better information support in making decisions to harness water resources, reduce traffic congestion and enhance public safety. The Department of Defense has identified "from data to decision, network technology, electronic warfare and electronic protection, engineering elastic system, weapons of mass destruction defense, autonomous systems and human-computer interaction, and other 7 key research areas, the purpose is to promote large data-aided decision-making, to achieve from the data advantage to the decision-making advantage of the transformation.