Chinese manufacturing to China is the change of national development mode (figure)

--Wen Jiabao answers Schwab and entrepreneur Questions 2010 Tianjin Summer Davos Forum yesterday afternoon at the opening of the Meijiang Convention and Exhibition Center newspaper reporter Song Ziming Xinhua News agency, Tianjin, September 13, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao 13th attended the opening ceremony of the fourth annual summer Davos meeting and the Entrepreneur Symposium, answered questions from the World Economic Forum President Schwab and the entrepreneur. Questions and answers are as follows: China's GDP grew by 9.1% in 2009, GDP grew by 11.1% in the first half of the year, and China became one of the fastest growing countries in the world. But in this process, some people also suggested that the speed of China's economic growth and the pace of improvement in living standards gap, how do you think of this problem?　　How can the wealth generated by China's GDP growth benefit the people better? A: Your question is indeed the concern of the Chinese government, first of all, we should see that with the development of China's economy, the life of the masses has gradually improved. From 2007 to 2009, the average wage income of workers increased by almost 12%, more than two percentage points of GDP growth. Per capita disposable income of urban residents increased by 9.1% annually, and rural per capita incomes increased by 8.2% annually. The improvement of the life of the masses is visible to all.　　In addition to the wages of income, but also reflected in two income distribution, that is, the public finance for the masses of social security, culture, education, medical and other expenses, this year to arrange 800 billion yuan. Second, it must be clearly recognized that China is still a developing country and that we are still at a special stage of development. Therefore, we should implement the "one to eat, two to build" thinking. The construction we are engaged in today is for the improvement of the life of the masses tomorrow.　　In this regard, it is absolutely necessary for us to increase some inputs. Third, we should seriously solve the problem of social equity and justice, that is, to gradually increase the two "proportion", one is to increase the proportion of labor remuneration in the initial distribution, the second is to increase the proportion of income of residents in national income. Both of these are more social equity and justice.　　We should not only "cake" bigger, but also the "cake" divided. One of the outstanding problems we have now is the inequitable distribution of social income, the high income of some, and the existence of a considerable proportion of people living below the poverty line.　　We must take vigorous measures, including fiscal and taxation reform, income distribution reform to gradually change the phenomenon of unfair income distribution, which is to promote social equity and justice, and maintain social stability is an important basis.　　(2nd edition) No one can deny the great changes that have taken place in the Chinese people's life in the more than 30 years of reform and opening-up, and we have reduced more than 200 million poor people. However, we should not deny that, with the common improvement of people's living standards, there is a serious gap between the rich and the poor indeed.　　If wealth is in the hands of a few people, it is inevitable that the majority of the poor, will cause social instability, should keep a clear mind. It is our economic development to improve the material and cultural living standard of the people of our countryUltimate goal.　　It is the conscience of our government to narrow the income distribution gap and realize social equity and justice.　　Q: In the last more than 30 years, the Chinese government has successfully created a model of "Made in China" to boost China's economic growth, so in the future China may have to build a new model of economic development through "China Creation" and "China Service".　　A: You pointed out the key issues of the transformation of China's economic development mode, and also the key to maintaining China's economic balance, coordination and sustainable development. We are experiencing a "made in China" phase, which is an inevitable phase of development. But sometimes I also feel sorry for it, Chinese exports to foreign products, most of the profits are taken by foreign companies, one of the most important reason is the brand. A pair of men's high socks, if the foreign brands can sell 8 U.S. dollars, but Chinese companies can only get 1 dollars.　　From "Made in China" to "creation in China" is the transformation of scientific and technological innovation, is the development of human intelligence and talent, and the change of the way of the country. We will work from three aspects: first, vigorously develop science and technology and education. In my 8 years as prime Minister, I have made three plans, one is "medium and long term development plan", one is "science and technology medium and long term development plan", there is also a "medium and long term development plan".　　These three plans are the basis for "China's creation". Second, the use of high-tech transformation of traditional industries.　　Many of our traditional industries need to be reformed, which is an important task, and in the process of transformation, there will be many "Chinese creation", "Chinese standard" and "Chinese brand". Third, the development of strategic emerging industries.　　We have identified 7 industries such as energy saving, environmental protection, information, high-end manufacturing as strategic emerging industries, and selected a number of priority development areas in these 7 industries, we must strive to lead the world in these areas, we have this determination, but also this ability. The development of the service industry reflects the economic structure, especially the structure of the one or two and three industries, and we must vigorously develop the service industry, especially the service sector, which is closely related to production, as well as public services and financial services. Entrepreneurs are invited to note that there are two areas that are the great potential of China's service industry, the realization of industrialization and urbanization, and the enormous potential of service industry development.　　The second is the development of public utilities, such as education, health, health care and so on.　　I would also like to emphasize that the process of industrialization and urbanization in China will not be at the expense of agriculture, the modernization of agriculture is bound to drive the development of rural services, which is also a huge potential. Q: Before the Copenhagen conference last year, the Chinese government unveiled a series of policies and measures to reduce the intensity of its carbon emissions, but in the first half of this year, the energy consumption of China's unit GDP did not fall, but it rose, which made China realize the "Eleven-Five" The energy-saving targets identified in the plan add to the difficulty.　What measures will the Chinese government take to achieve the emission reduction targets?　A: You have asked a question that I am very concerned about. In the first four years, our energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 15.6%, but our plan was to fall by about 20% in five years. In the first quarter of this year, the unit energy consumption has not decreased, but it has increased, this is because of our economic recovery in the process of some of the high-energy industries blindly development, we have earlier recognized the problem and took measures. Therefore, the first half of the unit energy consumption level achieved from the rise and fall.　　However, the goal of achieving the Eleven-Five plan is indeed very difficult. We have set targets for reducing energy-intensive enterprises in the second half of this year, including the elimination of Low-energy, small steel, small cement and other high-energy-consuming enterprises. We do not hesitate to achieve this goal at the expense of reducing GDP growth. Of course, we should also deal with this problem realistically, without making this work a mere formality or deception. Next March, I will give an account to the National People's Congress and give an account to the whole world.　　I do not know what the outcome will be, but I believe that the efforts of a responsible government should be made. Q: China's population urbanization rate is growing, but accompanied by a faster rate of land urbanization, through the rural land, and even the use of arable land, such as a series of means, now the total area of Chinese cities per capita has reached 110-130 square meters.　　Some people say that this policy to increase the rate of urbanization is not sustainable, what do you think of this problem? A: The current urbanization rate in China is about 46%, but it is true that the urbanization of land has surpassed the urbanization of the population in these years. Some small and medium-sized cities, and even some big cities, have forgotten their own national conditions, are keen on wide roads, large squares, occupy farmland heavily.　　Many of the city's original suburban farmland, vegetable plots, now there is no, this should cause us to attach great importance to the problem. I've always thought that if the Chinese economy goes wrong, it could be in agriculture. And the problem of agriculture, the most important possibility is on the land. Therefore, we stick to the red line of 1.8 billion acres of farmland can not break through, this not only sustains the survival of more than 1 billion Chinese, but also maintain China's sustainable development.　　The cause of this problem is, of course, related to the perceptions of some local leaders, but fundamentally to the system. The most important thing in the system is two, the first one is that farmers ' lawful land is not guaranteed. The second one is that our existing fiscal and taxation system still has a "land finance" phenomenon to a considerable extent. In other words, more land can increase revenue. This resulted in one hand getting land cheaply from farmers and selling it to developers at high prices. And the wide road, the Grand Square also shows their so-called achievements, which is related to the assessment system of officials.　　Therefore, we must solve these problems from the system.　　Q: China's manufacturing sector has assumed the main task of employment, but the recent rise in labour costs may have an impact on the competitiveness of enterprises and products, and how does Beijing view the relationship between rising labour costs and competitiveness? A: First of all, China is quitePart of the labor cost is lower, need reasonable rise. In the first half of this year, the minimum wage in 23 provinces grew by nearly 25%. But we must understand two questions: first, China's current major contradiction is still employment pressure. We have 15 million migrant workers need to go to work in cities, there are 24 million perennial urban unemployed personnel. Therefore, in terms of the vast number of employed personnel, the first is work, with employment will have wages.　　Therefore, wage growth should be maintained at a reasonable margin, so that our industry can compete and absorb employment. Second, we must understand that the increase in labour wages is consistent with the rise in productivity. The increase in the value of products and the increase in labor productivity are the basis of wage increase.　　We must make clear this truth and form harmonious labor relations in the society. Q: In China's "Twelve-Five" plan, which industries will be the focus of development?　　Which will be the focus of China's government? A: We are developing the "Twelve-Five" plan, in the "Twelve-Five" period, we should promote one or two, three industrial structure rationalization. In the process of speeding up industrialization and urbanization, we should attach importance to and strengthen agriculture and make efforts to realize agricultural modernization. In the second industry, we pay special attention to the industries related to population, resources and environment, and energy-saving and environmental protection industries. To the energy conservation and environmental protection, the next generation of information technology, biology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, materials, new energy vehicles, such as strategic emerging industries.　　At the same time, we must accelerate the development of modern services, especially those related to production. Q: It has been pointed out recently that China's business environment seems to be deteriorating because of information errors?　　Or did they misunderstand the Chinese government's successive documents relating to procurement and independent innovation? A: The growth of foreign investment in China has indicated that foreign companies have not lost confidence in China. But the more recent talk is about independent innovation, intellectual property rights and government procurement, which are not entirely a misunderstanding of foreign companies, but are also related to the lack of clarity on our policies. In fact, the crux of the matter is two sentences, in other words, all the foreign-funded enterprises registered in China enjoy national treatment. In the second sentence, we will treat each other equally and equitably in the aspects of independent innovation, government procurement and intellectual property protection.　　We will improve government regulations and regulations, and we will actively participate in international government procurement agreements. Q: The International Energy Agency recently reported that China has overtaken the US as the world's largest energy consumer. You also pointed out in your speech that China should make further efforts to improve the efficiency of energy and resources utilization.　　In the long run, what measures will the Chinese government take to balance the relationship between energy supply and energy consumption? A: China's energy demand is growing rapidly, which is related to the stage of China's development, but it must arouse our high priority. I would like to emphasize two issues, one is the history of the industrialized process of the developed countries after 200 years to 300 years of development, we only spent decades. The other is the consumption level of energy per capita, we are only AmericanOne-fifth, One-third of OECD countries. When we meet in this bright hall, there are many mountainous areas without electricity, the farmers in the mountainous areas perennial cooking and heating to firewood fire.　　Still, we have to curb the development of high energy-consuming industries. China must take energy-saving road, China's development must attach great importance to energy conservation and environmental protection, this is our unswerving basic policy. To cope with the constant expansion of energy demand, the most important thing is to adjust the economic structure, and develop both energy saving and environmental protection and innovation and high value-added products, so that our enterprises and economies on the road to sustainable development.