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"Who's cnnic?"

November 25, 2008, University Grammar College junior Zhang sitting in the dormitory computer table bored in the online browsing news, suddenly an MSN friend asked her "Who is Cnnic?", she didn't want to reply said "do not know."

Yes When the majority of people from Cnnic released the latest report that the total number of Chinese Internet users exceeded 253 million, leaped into the world first, when many Internet users enter the Internet access to information technology convenience, there are a large number of Chinese netizens, especially in recent years, the number of tens of millions of users, they do not know who cnnic is, they do not know the Internet is now used with CNN What is the relationship between IC. Even in the eyes of many who know cnnic, this body has always been shrouded in a veil of mystery.

It is undeniable that the Internet is still a new thing compared with the Chinese nation's long history of 5,000 years, but compared with the 30 years of China's reform and opening up, the Internet is a "surprise" for enlarging the open scope and promoting economic development. And this "surprise" in China from the birth, development to grow, and cnnic have countless ties.

Today, let us hold "who is CNNIC?" The question goes into the software park of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which is located in the core area of Zhongguancun in Beijing, and visits China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC), which is known as China's central nervous system.

In the stream of Beijing Zhongguancun, there is a common and less well-known street-Zhongguancun South Four Street, the streets are distributed on both sides of the main residential areas, just in this seemingly unusual street, but it is located in the city of our visitors-China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC).

The winter of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Software Park appears particularly secluded, the corner of which is the China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC), and in a unprepossessing red building, is running the Chinese Internet's central nervous system-China's national domain Name System.

Our story starts with China's national domain Name System.

The choice of history

November 18, 2005, the United Nations World Summit on the Information Society plan of Action, said: "A country's national top-level domain name (CcTLD) management decisions are not subject to interference from other countries." A country should be respected, maintained and clear about the reasonable interests embodied in the relevant decisions of the national ccTLD. ”

For nearly 4 years, China's national domain Name System, which the United Nations has identified as a matter of national sovereignty, has been "drifting overseas".

The history also starts when China is not yet connected to the global Internet. Early in the network before the opening of the 1990, as the Chinese internet "behind the hero" representative of Chan Hualin would like to apply for China's top domain name, so that China's network has its own identity symbol. But when he went to the Internet Information Center (InterNIC) to make an appointment, he found. The CN domain name has been registered by a person named T.b.qian. T.b.qian is Chantianbai, later, Chantianbai is. CN domain name of the administrative liaison Officer, and Chan Hualin is the technical liaison officer. This is the Chinese internet history of the famous "two money."

Since then, Chan Hualin and the Chinese Internet and cnnic have become attached. Subsequently, he has served as a member of the China Internet Network Information Center, CNNIC, and other Cnnic related duties.

Since our country was not yet connected to the Internet, it was temporarily run by the University of Karlsruhe in Germany. CN domain Name server. Chan Hualin recalls: "At this time domain name resources become China Internet development bottleneck, China must have national top-level domain name." CN domain to truly share information on the Internet. ”

As the UN Information summit resolution says, domain name management is to some extent equivalent to the sovereignty of countries on the Internet. From the National informatization strategy, China can not put its own national domain name of the top server in foreign countries.

Until May 21, 1994, the first Chinese country domain name. CN Root server finally settled in China. Was. CN domain Name server by the Chinese Academy of Sciences "temporary custody." The Chinese Academy of Sciences was completed that day. CN server settings and is responsible for. CN top-level domain registration and maintenance work.

At that time the Internet began to appear harmful information, people exclaimed Scourge came, triggered a "first development, after reorganization" or "first reorganization, after the development" of the big discussion. In 1995, the State authorities decided to slow down the pace of internet development. Until June 1996, just set up the national information work leading Group office after in-depth research, only final: the development of China's Internet business benefits outweigh the disadvantages. January 14, 1997, the former State Council information work leading group office set up China Internet Network Information Center Expert Group, the responsibility of the Expert Group is mainly to prepare the formation of CNNIC, and ensure its normal operation.

April 1997, the first National information Conference held in Shenzhen. It was suggested that an Internet Information center should be established to manage China's top-level domain in accordance with international practice. CN.

The Chinese Academy of Sciences has supported the country's efforts to set up the Internet Information Center. At that time Zhou Dean said, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is to serve the Society, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is willing to give money, to start funding, take up this State responsibility. Together with the Chinese Academy of Sciences already have a working basis, the state will officially authorize the establishment of the center of CAs to run the CN top-level domain name, responsible for national domain name registration management. "China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) Mao Wei recalls.

Now looking back, May 21, 1994, the CN root server "moved" back to China, thus ending the country's top-tier domain name server by foreign escrow history. For the domain name this is the most basic infrastructure of China's Internet, this is undoubtedly a milestone event, should be in China's Internet development History of a heavy write. And later, CNNIC's progress has been continuing the Chinese Academy of Sciences to promote the formation of CNNIC to serve the community's original intention.

June 3, 1997, China Internet Network Information Center announced the establishment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Software Park: 7 people, an office, Montreal Wire.

"Seven veteran" in charge of the technology Sun pointed to a row of old buildings outside the window said: "That is ' the backbone of China's internet," We were on the third floor, a staircase west of the big Room office. Only one server, and the desktop is about the size of the mainframe, performance than the current office computer is still poor, just started in China. CN under the Internet domain name number of only more than 10, until 1997 when the center was listed only 1000. ”

The job here was to "wait for someone else to come." "All people call to consult our domain name how to register." I remember once in the conference room to do a training course, to explain what the domain name is, interested can come to listen. Basically are the institutions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, at that time the conditions of networking is the various institutes. CN domain name Most of the ac.cn below, AC represents the scientific and technological community. "And at present, China's CN domain name registration amount to 13.33 million more than Germany. de domain name, become the world's largest national top-level domain name.

As the history of the Internet, in the stumbling forward, for our country domain name registration Management Agency of the CNNIC, is still a stones history, in the initial stage, it is also somewhat confused.

Internet vane

November 25, 2008, the new CNNIC Working Committee was held in the software Park of the Chinese Academy of Sciences after the "National Big Ministry Reform". In view of the importance of the CNNIC managed national domain Name System, XI, Deputy Minister of Industry and Information Technology, attended the meeting and affirmed CNNIC's efforts in promoting national domain name Take-off in these years.

Liuzhijiang, deputy director of China Internet Network Information Center, said that we did a survey in 2004 and found that many people did not know CNNIC's main responsibility is to manage domain names. To the old netizens, we gave them the original and most indelible impression is its another identity: The investigation, published the China Internet Development Status Statistics report of the Authority.

As early as 1997, the establishment of CNNIC soon opened the Chinese Internet survey of the precedent. However, the first recovery questionnaire was only 1800 copies, with few applicants. This is enough to show that the internet in China is not only a new thing, but also a seemingly very advanced technology.

2000 is the watershed of cnnic. That year, the cnnic recovered questionnaires had reached 363,538, increasing by more than 200 times. Cnnic began to be frequently exposed in the media, the publication of the statistical report has become the first to observe the development of the domestic network "vane."

However, the "statistical report" to become "Loyang", the industry and the media stirred Qingchaoerchu, but each time attached to the report behind the small tail: the site rankings.

"At that time, the Chinese website is very few, the people just surf the internet do not know what good website can visit." When we did the survey, we added a question to the questionnaire: ' What are the most common sites? ' The main purpose is to recommend some excellent Chinese website. "Enhai, Senior research Advisor at the Cnnic Internet Development Research department, said.

Cnnic did realize his original intention. NetEase two consecutive times in Cnnic ranked first, Ding Lei also ran to our building to call a reporter made a conference. This is the first time NetEase in Beijing press conference. Until now, people have introduced themselves to say how many times in the ranking of the CNNIC Web site. At that time, there are a lot of venture capital through our rankings to obtain information, select the Investment object. ”

In the dotcom boom days, CNNIC's rankings were even considered a ticket to the Nasdaq. Some people directly call Mao Wei to express dissatisfaction: "You give me more than 20, how do I talk with people about financing things?"

This is the number of millions of internet users, hundreds of Chinese internet companies rely on the survival, financing of the site rankings by 2001 but a halt. Talking about the reason, Liuzhijiang that: "One is that the recommendation of excellent website history Mission has been completed, a number of years of recommended, a large number of excellent Chinese website has been recognized by the common people." The second is that these just stand up website, the urgent need is to find a long-term development model, the site survey rankings have too let them tired. "CNNIC's website rankings are, to some extent, an Internet enlightenment event that has promoted the popularity of the internet," he said.

"Listen to Thunder in silence," The yellow "1th China Internet Development Statistics Report", then set off the Internet wave, or a downturn or climax of the Chinese internet history, cnnic experience, promote and record.

Wenchuan affects the "root" of China's Internet

May 12, 2008, I believe that every Chinese will not forget this day. The first time on the internet came the news that: China's Sichuan Province Wenchuan County earthquake! That day, many provinces have been felt.

At first, most people were not aware of the exact magnitude of the epicenter, nor did they anticipate the impact of the quake on China.

May 13, 2008 10:28, Shenzhen. The first "Beijing-Shenzhen" plane cnnic two staff members landed on time and they waved a taxi out of the airport. According to the work plan, today they will hold a press conference in Shenzhen United Microsoft and China million network.

On the way to the meeting place, the taxi radio broadcast the latest news about the earthquake, and they learned from the radio that the magnitude of the Wenchuan earthquake was as high as 7.8, and that the severity and harmfulness of the earthquake could be learned from the dialogue between the host and the experts.

Yes, those who work on time from the television, the Internet, newspapers and other media to obtain accurate information on the disaster, some enthusiastic people began to take to the streets to donate blood to the disaster area, and some people are in various ways to donate money, donations.

For a time, the hearts of the nation's 1.3 billion people tightly linked with the Wenchuan earthquake quake zone compatriots, everyone in the work and action.

Cnnic two in Shenzhen travel staff in the rental has been thinking: eliminate blood donation, donations, donations, we can also for the people in the earthquake zone, the enterprises to do?

I believe many people still remember the other earthquake.

December 27, 2006, for many netizens is a disastrous day, due to December 26 from 20:26 to 27th 12 o'clock China Southern Taiwan sea Several strong earthquake impact, at least 6 international submarine communication cable rupture, causing domestic netizens to visit foreign web site failure.

Due to the inability to access international websites, some business related to foreign domain names is temporarily inadmissible. Including registration, renewal, information modification and other foreign domain name business are suspended. This led to the expiration of the domain name registration of China's. com domain name can not be a normal renewal, the number of domestic registered about 9,000. com domain name is not deleted. A large number of enterprises lost. com domain names have been registered by overseas domain name investors, the Chinese internet has brought a bitter lesson.

Perhaps because of the professional habits, the above scenario suddenly emerges in the minds of the two staff members. Wenchuan earthquake will make a lot of internet enterprises and netizens of the domain name of normal renewals, extension of registration is affected, must take effective measures to ensure the Internet system in the earthquake zone safe operation, to protect the internet rights of enterprises in the quake zone.

Subsequently, they have a bold idea: extended expired State domain name renewals, extension time, to prevent the disaster during the relief period, the enterprise Shang, leading to loss of intangible assets such as national domain names.

They made an urgent call to the leaders of Beijing to put forward their ideas, immediately the leadership of the response and affirmation. Less than 4 hours, cnnic site on the emergence of such a bulletin: "Because of the earthquake to the people in the disaster areas of the normal working life has caused the impact, in order to protect the people of the whole country focus on fighting disasters, protect the Internet communications, to avoid the vast number of users due to the expiration of the My center will expire from May 13, 2008 to June 13 all the English CN domain name and Chinese CN domain name period of unconditional extension of one months. "The announcement of this very 4-hour decision has created a precedent for the active implementation of public service responsibilities in the context of the emergency of Internet domain name authorities."

If the Chinese Internet is compared to a tree, the domain name base platform is the root. "China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) Director Mao Wei regrets, with the rapid development of China's Internet, all kinds of unexpected events test our foundation." People are beginning to realize the importance of the national Internet domain Name System, which is projected on CNNIC and its responsibilities are more and more.

Domain Donation CNNIC step forward

Wenchuan earthquake, Cnnic also issued another announcement: the Internet in earthquake relief, post-disaster reconstruction played an important role. A convenient memory domain name can be convenient for the vast number of netizens to visit, find, and many topics and sites urgently need to Wenchuan earthquake-related national CN domain name. To this end, CNNIC called for the national CN domain name registrant, the hands of earthquake relief related to the CN domain name (English CN and Chinese CN) donated for the use of earthquake relief site.

At the time, in order to report the progress of earthquake relief in time, to provide information services for the people of the disaster area, Xinhua and CCTV, respectively, launched the "Earthquake Disaster Relief project site." Sina, Tencent, NetEase and so on almost all websites also joined to the tense earthquake relief news front.

As a domain name registration authority, CNNIC has no obligation and no right to change the domain name attribution. But as an Internet service organization, we see the domain name of this supply and demand contradictions-one side is the earthquake relief Network special needs related domain name, side is enthusiastic Netizen's domain name serve no door. We hope to play a role in the middle, so that more domain names ' use it ', play a greater value, support the national earthquake relief work. "Liuzhijiang said.

It is understood that the CCTV international through donations to obtain the "earthquake relief." CN "," China I want to love. CN ", Xinhua obtained" Xinhua Wenchuan. CN "and so on.

Coincidentally, in order to protect the Olympic champion Internet rights, the establishment of the Chinese Olympic champion Network logo, CNNIC again called for registered athletes name Domain name of the registrant will donate the domain name to the corresponding athletes. As of the closing of the Beijing Olympic Games, more than 200 Chinese Olympic athletes ' CN domain name and the ". China" domain name were donated. Including swimming, diving, weightlifting, gymnastics, badminton and other items of the Olympic athletes domain name, such as participation in the three Olympic Games Yong won the two gold "veteran" Xu Domain name, the domain name of the first champion Liu.

Some donors have the same name as the new Olympic champions, who also donate their domain names. Beijing it personage Wang Feng 2005 to note under domain name "Wang Feng. cn" and "Wang Feng. China". "This is intended to be used as a personal blog domain name," Wang said, August 13, the Chinese player Wang Feng won the 3-meter double springboard champion, his plan changed, "Donate, you can let netizens share the growth process of the champion", "Wang Feng will be able to write on his web page on his difficulties to guide young people."

Baoding Guo Jianguang donated 188 domain names. "I had this idea before the Olympics opening ceremony. At that time found the list of athletes, found that a lot of athletes have been registered domain names, I have not registered the domain name are registered. I do not agree with the current use of the domain name used to hype the phenomenon, and then want to register to donate to the relevant units or individuals. ”

"Before the world's domain name management agencies, have not been in the domain name attribution problem to take the lead measures." Cnnic this to create a precedent of domain name management, will be more conducive to the harmony of the Internet environment. Chan Hualin commented that Cnnic appealed to the enthusiastic netizens in the hands of the idle domain name donated to the appropriate units and individuals, will facilitate more people to remember, browse the corresponding Web site.

China's voice right needs to be actively fought in the Internet world

In Paris, June 27, 2008, when the ICANN council unanimously voted "to allow the use of other languages such as Chinese as the internet's top domain character" resolution, "China" will be the first to write the global root domain Name System in 2009, the scene of the Chinese technical experts can not help each other high fives.

The significance of this resolution is that the resolution means that the Dns-domain name System, which was born in 1983, will truly usher in the world's top-tier languages, including Chinese, and the last "English fortress" on Internet applications, after 25 years of dominance by the English language. also be breached.

The internet will appear for the first time ". China" Such a non-English domain name suffix, pure Chinese national code top-level domain "China domain name" will be formally integrated into the Internet, as the Chinese culture on the network on the national symbol on the stage of history. In the future, when Chinese people surf the Internet, they can not only enter the English domain name lenovo.com.cn, but also directly enter the Chinese domain name "Lenovo. China" to visit Lenovo's website on the internet.

Dating back to March 2001, CNNIC technicians went to the United States for the first time to attend the 48th session of the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). However, the process of making Chinese standards is far less simple than originally thought: no foreign expert is willing to listen patiently to the CNNIC technical team's interpretation of the value of Chinese domain names.

Mao Wei said: "We felt a solemn and stirring, because the Chinese in international standards almost a blank, no one optimistic about China." We are also proud, because we represent China, behind the support of the whole country. "In the solemn and stirring and proud of the complex feelings, cnnic technical personnel repeatedly defeated, repeatedly defeated, in the international standards of the long journey to meet difficult."

Xiaodong, deputy director of China Internet Network Information Center, recalls: "The most sad is the time of the meeting, there are only 3 Chinese among the 3,000 people." Don't mention how lonely it was in my heart. ”

Things are so valuable because they are difficult. 2004, by the China Internet Network Information Center led the formulation of "Chinese and Japanese South Korea multilingual domain name registration and management standards", officially recognized by the IETF and issued as international standards, numbered RFC3743. Vint Cerf, the father of the Internet, has repeatedly praised Cnnic's contribution to the global Internet in international standards during his visit to China.

September 2008, the Internet China's discourse power has been upgraded. The IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), the Internet International standard-setting organization, officially publishes three core standards for the internationalization of email addresses (mailbox names), led by Chinese technical experts. According to these standards, in the "Internet Center. China" Chinese domain name, enterprises will be able to use such as "Zhang @ Internet Center. The move means that the era of English monopoly, which was born in 1982, is about to end.

The leading impetus for this series of international standards is Dr Xiaodong, a technical expert from CNNIC. It is understood that the IETF has established hundreds of standard-setting working groups, and has published more than 5000 international standards on Internet. Among them, the mail address Internationalization Standards Working Group is the first Chinese to be the co-Chairmen of the Working Group, but also the IETF since the establishment of Chinese Internet technology experts to participate in the largest number of working groups.

Looks like a small step, "Yao 90,000." "China Internet Network Information Center has completed three international standards in the Internet field, not only for other countries in the world to solve similar problems set a model, and more importantly, the introduction of these international standards, so that China in the field of Internet status and the right to speak greatly improved, for potential netizens to reduce the threshold of Internet access.

When talking about China's standard-setting process, Mao Wei, director of China Internet Network Information Center, said his profound experience, "one is to first integrate into the rules, in the formulation of rules, the second is to follow the open, practical principle, absolutely can not work behind closed doors," and more "want to see more Chinese standards

The first generation of the Internet wave, the United States has contributed to the world a large number of technical standards, occupy the global information Highway "driver" seat. China's lack of Internet standards has affected the Internet use of Chinese netizens and is not in line with China's rising international status and rapid development of the Internet.

Xiaodong said, based on the domestic, put "sound" overseas, for the internet discourse right, convenient for Chinese netizens and enterprises to use the Internet to create value, is cnnic responsibility, a heavy and road far.

The Journey again

November 25, Deputy Minister of Industry and Information Technology XI came to CNNIC room, attended the New China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) Working Committee. Xi is pleased with the operation of the whole cnnic, and at the same time it puts forward new requirements for cnnic under the new situation.

"The Internet's domain Name system is synonymous with the signaling system of telecommunications networks, and the importance of security is particularly important." As one of the national basic network facilities, CNNIC should take the scientific concept of development as the guide, to ' serve the economic and social development, serve the people's livelihood ' as the goal, in accordance with ' positive development, strengthen management, avoid the advantages and disadvantages, For my 16-word policy, do a good job in the country's top-level domain name and Chinese domain name development and management work, to do large-scale, strengthen management, to create a basic telecommunications operators operating level of the domain name services. ”

Xi stressed that we should fully understand the importance and urgency of Internet development and management in China. The internet is one of the greatest inventions of mankind in the 20th century, the future is infinite, CNNIC has the bounden duty to the Internet development.

"Cnnic is facing a new round of the Internet wave test, how to better serve the community, service people's livelihood, promote economic and social development, will become cnnic future work of the focus of the", Mao Wei said.

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