Disaster prevention countermeasures for urban crisis-exposed construction planning short-board loopholes

Fire multiple, traffic jams, admission difficult, medical treatment difficult, environmental pollution ... All kinds of phenomena not only make the city residents upset and helpless, but also have begun to influence the development of cities and society.　　These phenomena can be summed up in a simple word--urban disease, which refers to a series of social problems caused by the population being concentrated in large cities.　　With the acceleration of urbanization, urban diseases are not the "affluenza" of big cities, many two or three-line cities have been plagued by urban diseases. The city, which should make life better, is now the object of social anxiety. How to "dispel disease and eliminate disaster" in the city?　　The view edition of the legal Daily has launched a series of "attention to urban diseases" from today to jina more thoughts on the treatment of urban diseases. Energy security, gas station safety problems, tourism safety ...　　Under the rising tide of urbanization, many cities have urban safety experts believe that in these urban safety problems, there are many because of urban planning management and development speed does not adapt to the construction of large cities in the beginning of the "congenital disease", urban planning is to ensure the source of urban safety　　A fire in Shanghai has been a complete display of the city's safety problems, which have been ajar for many years. Recently, the Shanghai People's Congress Standing Committee held its 56th meeting to hear the report on the Special Symposium on Fire management in buildings.　　Liu Yungeng, director of Shanghai Municipal People's Congress, called for further efforts in promoting and safeguarding urban public safety, which will strengthen urban safety as the most important work of the NPC. City waterlogging, Snow siege, chemical plant explosion, building collapse ... After a series of accidents, the authorities are undoubtedly aware of the safety of the city's short board.　　However, in the increasingly high tide of urbanization, urban security problems in many cities have been "sick" is not light, when one after another fresh life in the eyes of people disappear, people finally found that safety, is one of the most serious diseases of all cities. The current City "crisis" in Shanghai before the fire, December 5, 2009, the Russian Perm City nightclub fire explosion accident, at least 112 people were killed, 142 people were injured, shocked the world.　　Some analysts believe that fire, is the most destructive of a city disaster.　　However, the hidden dangers of urban security far more than this, some often drift away from the people's eyes outside the problem, is quietly approaching the bottom line of urban security. Energy security, a problem that is thought to have little to do with the lives of citizens, has begun to threaten urban safety-the gas shortage. After the middle of November last year, as the cold wave intensified, China's gas supply in parts of the north and south was strained. A so-called "history of the largest" natural gas shortage, so that the office to stop heating, enterprises forced production, canned liquefied gas prices, taxis due to the gas outage ...　　To the urban and rural people living and production caused great pressure.　　China Disaster Defense Association under-Secretary-General Jinlei told the "Legal Daily" reporter, and energy linked to the gas station is also a major security hazard. According to Jinlei, so far the country has tens of thousands of gas stations, although the business model of manyMeta-, but the security situation is increasingly grim, there are not only the gas station itself in the implementation of safety operating standards not in place, there are gas station planning and design of the security risks. "Automobile refueling station design and Construction Code" (Build superscript [2002]) stipulates: The city's gas stations should be 10 meters away from the ordinary homes, public buildings should be 50 meters away.　　However, many domestic urban housing and public buildings next to the gas station does not have the minimum safe distance. "Tourism disaster is a very serious threat to urban safety in recent years." Jinlei said that only January 2009 to September, the National Tourism Administration received a total of 41 reported incidents involving tourism in public emergencies, has caused 124 people dead or missing.　　"Accident analysis shows that the tourism safety, especially the tourism traffic safety planning has not been paid attention to, just that the travel incident is the tourism bureau, not from the whole city security, urban emergency rescue capacity allocation and planning to be supported."　　Jinlei that the long-standing problem of campus security is also a problem that should not be neglected in urban safety.　　According to incomplete statistics, 1995 to 2009, a total of dozens of primary and secondary school stampede accidents, 80% are with the channel dark, narrow staircase, the rapid speed of the crowd. Frequently occurred in a variety of urban disasters, so that once a prosperous and civilized symbol of the city in people's hearts have no sense of security. In the wake of the Shanghai Fire, a Beijing citizen said in a heavy tone to reporters: "This fire burns the heart of every so-called ' city dweller '."　　"The cause of urban planning to save a lot of short plate of urban safety problems exposed, so that people on the current urbanization and urban construction process began to reflect deeply." "We were originally a village, then the city expanded, into a village, a lot of people who come to Beijing to work to rent to our place, a cheap rent, and also near the city, rent the house is mostly bungalows, security is very poor."　　A Beijing citizen told the Law daily. An ant colony in Beijing, "legal daily" reporter saw that the small indoor space is separated into a number of 10 partitions, each room is dense wire, in the interior aisle there is no safe passage or escape indicator arrows.　　According to the landlord, here is a lot of students who have just graduated.　　For such a large and small "security bottlenecks", the National Administration Institute of Emergency Management Training Center, Dr. Langzhibin, many of them are due to the urban planning management and development speed does not adapt to the construction of large cities at the beginning of the "congenital disease." "In the process of rapid urbanization, many infrastructure projects have not been followed. For example, the construction of underground pipeline network lacks systematic comprehensive planning, which is a general tendency of domestic cities. In the layout planning, fluctuation water, power, telecommunications, gas, heating and other management departments are separated from each other, lack of necessary information sharing and coordination.　　"Langzhibin said. Yang Baojun, vice President of China Institute of Urban Planning and design, also believes that in the face of successive urban disasters, people should from the angle of urban planning againstThink about it. Yang Baojun said that from the present point of view, there are several problems in urban planning, the first is the scientific nature of urban planning, seriousness needs to be improved. "It can be said that urban planning is the source of security for the city, if planning is scientific, then our source is solid." But now there are some deficiencies in the planning, mainly in a series of norms, standards were formulated at an earlier time. At that time, economic development stage, economic strength and now there is a great difference, at that time the disaster planning more embodies the single disaster species, single system characteristics, such as fire on the pipe fire, waterproof pipe waterproof, shockproof tube shockproof. But now with the rapid expansion of the city scale, population and economic activity is highly concentrated, many disasters are intertwined.　　Therefore, we urgently need to establish a comprehensive disaster prevention concept and mechanism. "A lot has changed in our city for some time. But look carefully, the city has become more and more beautiful, but this beauty is on the surface, that is, the image of the project. This reflects the need to correct the guiding ideology of urban construction issues. "A modern city is not a few tall buildings or a few beautiful parks, but a city's infrastructure and security system," Yang Baojun said.　　China's cities on the surface of more investment than underground, the guiding ideology should be correct over. It is understood that at present our country's urbanization level is about 43%, achieves 70% urbanized level to need at least 20 years. "In the process, there are still a lot of people who need to optimize the layout, including productivity and the layout of the population has a process of optimization." In some parts of the Midwest, the ecological environment is very fragile, and the resource environment has limited ability to support the population. If people are not allowed to move in those places, they face a greater threat of disaster. Therefore, the urban system pattern needs to be further optimized.　　"Yang Baojun said.　　To solve the problem of disaster prevention The reporter learned that for urban safety, the industry has long been calling for a more long-term perspective should be resolved. Jinlei that, in view of the current situation of Chinese cities in the process of high-speed, we must combine disaster mitigation contingency with normal construction, seize one or two key issues in the "Twelve-Five" period to seek breakthroughs.　　It is necessary to make a general or enlightening reflection on the major disasters in the past. Jinlei in the "' Twelve-Five" period, the emphasis of Beijing to improve the emergency management level of urban comprehensive disaster mitigation thoughts and countermeasures, the "10 projects" in the period of "Twelve-Five" were put forward, that is, the safety culture quality Popular Science propaganda project, the Energy Material Safety Protection project, the earthquake Resistance and disaster reduction and the housing project,　　Disaster Preparedness Materials Optimization management project, the National Rainwater Recovery and Utilization project, comprehensive disaster reduction strategy and risk assessment project, disaster mitigation and emergency Management science and technology support engineering, emergency volunteer team construction project, urban migrant workers safety and security project. Although this is aimed at Beijing's future 5 years of planning project concept, but should be a certain inspiration for the National urban and rural security layout.　　"Jinlei said. In addition, Jinlei also proposed, we should form China's urban and rural disaster prevention and mitigation of emergency industries, in this regard to use the National industrial technology policy, so that the disaster prevention and mitigation of emergency industries to play a guiding role.　　At the same time vigorously promote urban and rural planning and construction of security design. "Urban disaster prevention and mitigation of emergency construction is very important, but all content such as emergency logistics, prevention of crisis, risk aversion and other technical and cultural models are inseparable from planning and design, which in itself put forward the basic application of disaster prevention and mitigation research problems." Now the reason for frequent accidents and the same reasons, in the disaster prevention, mitigation, disaster preparedness, there are loopholes everywhere, lies in the lack of in-depth research, countermeasures to leave loopholes in the analysis.　　"Jinlei said. It is understood that at present, the relevant departments are also active action.　　A local Public Security department responsible to the reporter introduced, the public security system has been committed to the construction of safe city. "Ping An city is a large, comprehensive and very strong management system, not only to meet the public security management, urban management, emergency command and other needs, but also take into account the disaster early warning, safety production monitoring and other aspects of the need for image monitoring."　　The official said. According to the introduction, Ping An city construction also put forward the construction of city security system and emergency response platform. The key technology of this system is biometrics (especially face recognition) and data intelligent analysis platform. The system integrates environmental monitoring, perimeter security, goods security and many other functions, can provide decision-makers with real-time disaster information, and based on the summary of real-time information to provide a variety of emergency solutions and disaster trend analysis, applicable to the overall security of urban areas or urban areas of key sites of regional security protection. This reporter Douxiao This newspaper intern Han Dandong