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Cloud service standards can address and correct basic data transmission failures. In this article, the authors analyze the user's expectations for cloud interoperability, and illustrate the various cloud service standards organizations and the solutions they provide.

When cloud services are running smoothly and the http://www.aliyun.com/zixun/aggregation/14189.html "> Service Level Agreement (SLA) can meet the requirements, the business side, Organizations and organizations may want to transfer data from cloud storage to different providers (for example, Ibm®smartcloud), but find that they are not able to do so for some reason. One reason is that the data format required for API calls to store data in the cloud is incompatible with, or not interoperable with, API calls used by different providers to store data in the cloud.

As a result, the business side will be confronted with data transmission failures due to the format of the datastore used by different providers before selecting a provider to provide cloud services. (a way to mitigate damage is to negotiate with providers to support greater flexibility when transferring data to different providers.) This includes changing the code to a provider's cloud service API call. ）

Cloud users should get not only interoperable APIs, they need cloud service standards to ensure interoperability for all cloud delivery models:

Infrastructure as a service: a virtual machine hosted by a provider against IaaS is compatible with a virtual computer hosted by another provider for IaaS. Platform as a service: a platform that works on an IAAS is compatible with a platform that works on another IaaS. Software as a service: an application developed on a PAAs is capable of working on another compatible PAAs.

To help you start making these decisions, this article lists the expectations that providers or cloud service users should have for interoperability standards. Next, this article delves into the organization that is setting standards for all aspects of the cloud service, allowing you to access the right organizations and use their resources as an interoperability tool, depending on your needs. You may even want to contribute to the evolution of standards in the communities concerned with the development of these standards.

Cloud service users ' expectations

A cloud user (an application, platform, or infrastructure service provider or user) should be able to expect reasonable interoperability in the following areas:

Delivery model interoperability: especially Iaas-to-iaas and Paas-to-paas. Cloud based interfaces and interactions: for example, interactions between clouds and non-cloud systems. Service-oriented architecture and other WEB services: support interoperability between cloud systems and SOA reference architectures, infrastructure frameworks, and integration models. Enterprise IT Management system: let a variety of different IT products perfect integration standards. Storage: A system for managing data archiving and access; This functionality is critical because some of the data may be resources that support functionality in the cloud application. Security: Protocols and utilities are used to manage cloud security issues during interoperability, such as Message Queuing, identity and security authentication, and infrastructure topology and application choreography. Migration: The tools that organizations use to migrate applications (or even the entire IT environment) to the cloud should also be standards-based. User-facing arbiter: If a very large organization (such as the federal government) that is theoretically controlled by its users wants to establish cloud interoperability standards, can mitigate the pain experienced by some cloud manufacturers in designing (refactoring) the interoperability of their products, as a large market will be forced to accept this standard.

The easiest way to build interoperability is to create, adopt, and improve standards.

Cloud Service Standards Organization

In an attempt to promote cloud service standards, organizations come forward to push or publish standards (approved or draft versions). They are planning to meet the expectations of users in the following areas:

the vendor-independent cloud service standards as the main focus of the organization. A working organization that focuses on cloud computing industry standards. Standards for cloud services provided by standard information technology organizations.

Organizations that provide the best practices for providing standard terminology and value for SLAs are meeting customer expectations in order to drive SLA management standardization. They can be viewed as a common supporter of the interests of users and providers.

Organizations focused on open cloud service standards include OpenStack Foundation, open Grid Forum, and the open group. Standard industry organizations that have established working groups on cloud computing include distributed Management Task Force (DMTF) and Storage receptacle Cato (association). DMTF's Cloud Management Workgroup and SNIA Cloud Storage Technical Group have established standard interfaces for cloud computing. Standard Information technology organizations that provide approved or operational cloud computing standards include national Cato of Science and Marvell (NIST) and OASIS (from for the advancement of Structured information standards). NIST has released a specific definition of cloud computing, and OASIS is advancing the draft cloud computing standards. User Initiative organizations that provide best practices for SLA agreements include the TM Forum and Cloud Service customer Council.

The standard terms and values for SLAs are being formed, but they do not exist at this time of writing.

Let's take a closer look at some of these organizations and the tools they provide.