Entrepreneurship 3.0: Stand on the shoulders of winners to see higher and farther

Feng on their own to explore learning to create a "patriot" this brand, and today's young entrepreneurs have a better mentor in the lead.　　On the way to the office every day, Liu will always pass through the most densely populated areas of Beijing's universities, and he keeps seeing a young face hanging on to the future. Every year, millions of of college graduates face the problem of finding jobs, as well as 18 million people with difficulty in employment, many of whom have chosen to start a business.　　In Zhongguancun, Beijing, the land of entrepreneurs, tens of thousands of enterprises were born, but also thousands of enterprises disappeared.　　The US monitor consultancy has done a survey on entrepreneurship in more than 20 countries and regions around the world, while 75% of China's people have the will to start a business, but the survival rate of China's own entrepreneurship is only 3%~4%.　　And Liu founder Lenovo, compared to the current entrepreneurial environment is undoubtedly a lot better, but the young people with entrepreneurial dreams in their path to the ideal country seems to be missing some.　　Reading, MBA classes, business classes to learn is not as good as a mentor on the side to help, tutoring you, the key time to give you a little experience.　　From Liu, Ma Yun, and then to Li's institutional barriers to entrepreneurship has been broken down with young people talk about entrepreneurship, Liu never taboo himself just went into the sea when "cheated" embarrassing. 1984, their team of 11 people just started to start a business soon, when the Chinese Academy of Sciences to calculate their investment in 200,000 yuan, but in less than a few months was cheated away 140,000.　　The more tragic one is borrowed from the Academy of Science 3 million yuan was all cheated away, the money later although was recovered, but was deceived by the fear of entrepreneurship has been lingering in the heart, become the most painful business Liu.　　Analysis of the reasons, Liu said that one is a lack of experience, and the second is not standardized operation of the business environment.　　Although Lenovo is now an international technology company, in retrospect, Mr Liu still lamented the hardships of his entrepreneurial environment. In the planned economy era, Liu's entrepreneurship encountered insurmountable obstacles-they are unplanned businesses, without production approvals. A group of people after several ponders, finally come up with a way is "curve salvation."　　Liu obtained several passes to and from Hong Kong through his superior unit of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and then in Hong Kong, he invested in joint manufacturing enterprises to produce computer motherboards. opportunity to appear in a foreign exhibition, coincides with the National Ministry of Electronics Industry in charge of the foreign visitors to the exhibition, completely did not expect to see a person all speak Standard Mandarin "Hong Kong enterprises."　　Because of this opportunity, Liu only finally got the domestic production approval, but also after the Lenovo brand.　　In the 12 years after Liu's curve to save the nation, Mr Ma, who is passionate about entrepreneurship, has faced a similar problem, and this one has been a raging hurricane of failure. 1996, in order to let the founder of the "Chinese Yellow Pages" to continue to survive, Ma Yun reluctantly chose to cooperate with Hangzhou Telecom. China Yellow Pages will assetThe equivalent of 600,000 yuan, accounting for 30% of the shares. However, soon there was a problem with the cooperation between the two sides. Telecom is eager to make a profit, Ma Yun believes that the company as a child, can not let three-year-old children go out to make money.　　The difference is more and more serious, Ma Yun had to give up the company, quietly away.　　The second venture is linked to the Moftec under a company, the government's system and the company's market operation collided with each other, can only cause the embarrassment of not clear. Mr Ma's landmark decision in his life was made in the throes of such agony and inner torture.　　In the end, he chose to return to the south, selected small and medium-sized enterprises most concentrated in Zhejiang, founded Alibaba. By the time of Robin Li, the market was in a state of total free competition. "Baidu from the beginning to establish a modern enterprise system, in accordance with the principles of market economy, according to the High-tech entrepreneurial model to build, step to today." "Such a simple experience may be what the Liu has never thought of."　　Or it can be said that Li's generation of entrepreneurs, as well as his later entrepreneurs are fortunate, society is more and more fair, pay will be rewarded, and this is a normal, reasonable market economy system brought about by the effect.　　Baidu from the beginning to establish a modern enterprise system, in accordance with the principle of market economy, according to the High-tech entrepreneurial model to build, step to today. Standing on the shoulders of more successful people can see higher and farther 1992, Feng graduated from Tsinghua University, smashed their own rice bowl, from the sale of chassis, keyboard began, opened in Zhongguancun dream of entrepreneurship, called "Feng Five."　　2003, in the domestic mobile storage market, the Patriot Brand defeated the veteran Samsung for the first time, the market share ranked first. From the small sun to the Patriots, familiar people know that Feng is learning Liu, the road of trade and technology. Feng himself also blushes, one of the goals of the first ten years of the Chinese flag is to learn Lenovo.　　Liu is the godfather of Zhongguancun and The godfather of the Chinese flag. According to the State administration of industry and commerce, the average life expectancy of small start-up enterprises in China is only 2 years and 09 months.　　How do entrepreneurs avoid this spell? "Reading, MBA classes, business classes to study is not as good as a mentor to help, tutoring you, the key time to give you a little experience." Give you encouragement when you are in trouble, and cheer you up when you can't go on. You are not exchanging apples, but thinking, in each other's communication, the power of thought will enlarge sharply, it will also give birth to more beautiful entrepreneurial flowers.　　"said godfather Liu.　　Feng on their own to explore the learning to create a patriot brand, and today's young entrepreneurs have a better mentor in the lead. A young man who opened a noodle shop in Shanghai wrote a letter to Liu's assistant detailing his product positioning and asked Liu to try his pasta. It never occurred to me that Liu, who had been to Shanghai recently, had a real experience, and immediately after listening to the entrepreneurial experience of the grassroots entrepreneur, he introduced himTo the head of Lenovo's investment.　　This is not Liu's whim, as early as the end of 2007, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Lenovo Holdings jointly launched a talent training program-Lenovo star start-up CEO special training classes, and gradually formed a "entrepreneurial training + Angel investment" business model, trying to "cultivate scientists into entrepreneurs." After several lessons for young entrepreneurs, Lenovo Investment managing director Wang Jianqing the feeling that "Chinese entrepreneurs are very idealistic and passionate, but the understanding and operational aspects of how a business can be successful are indeed lacking." "Starting with the first issue, Lenovo star in addition to equipped with the Dean, the class teacher, management teaching system, training operations and student management, but also for students to assign a fixed counselor, they maintain close contact and communication with students, participate in all kinds of students salon activities, in-depth understanding of the student learning situation and the development of their enterprises, Coordinate various resources to help and consult the students on the specific problems they have encountered in their work.　　To July 2011, Lenovo star start-up CEO special training class has completed three period of training, a total of 165 trainees trained.　　For many entrepreneurs, the start-up stage is not just experience, there is money, the so-called "A penny to the hero Han." 2009, Lenovo star set up a 400 million Yuan Angel investment Fund, focus on the science and technology seed phase of investment in enterprises, and further support entrepreneurial projects. The first fund is all funded by Lenovo and plans to spend about 5 years to complete the investment. So far, Lenovo star Angel Investment has invested 16 projects, the total investment of 120 million yuan.　　The projects are early and very early High-tech enterprises, of which half of the projects in the investment has not yet set up a company, the rest of the enterprise income is below tens of millions of dollars.　　It is based on this recognition that more and more successful people join the "entrepreneurial mentor" ranks. September 2009, Kai-Fu Lee gave up the Google 14 million dollar options and shares in Beijing to create innovative workshops in the hope that through the "incubation + investment" model to help Chinese youth successful entrepreneurship. In Lee's view, Chinese entrepreneurs face a lot of challenges. For example, lack of entrepreneurial and management experience, lack of initial start-up funds, it is difficult to attract outstanding technical personnel. Many factors make the actual success rate of entrepreneurship is not high. "Chinese entrepreneurs need more help to build this platform to help entrepreneurs build a larger team so that the product will take shape faster." "Another year, 2008 Liu launched the" New Hope Rural Support Fund, "the vast amount of billions of projects, in addition to the development of social welfare undertakings, but also to help farmers develop large-scale aquaculture and the establishment of rural financial security system. Liu's plan is to make more than 1 million of farmers ' annual net income exceed 10 billion yuan, "to be able to breed millions of farmers." At present, the biggest problem of farmers ' development is lack of money, I hope to help them to reduce the risk of farming and solve the problem of financing difficulties. "There is also the early start of the" Taobao University. This is TaobaoNetwork of Professional Network Business Training Center, which includes online template-type network operators, while also wired under the course.　　Taobao on this platform, so that more ordinary people have the opportunity to try to touch their entrepreneurial dream. "From 2004 to now, especially in these two years, Taobao University to obtain rapid development, because now E-commerce sellers after a few years of accumulation, whether in the capital or human accumulation has been to the platform period, or to the turning point, they need to develop, find themselves a lot of problems, including management problems, Financial problems, financial problems, supply chain problems, and want to do big problems. Taobao related person said.　　Last year, Taobao University trained 890,000 people, this year's target is 2 million people. Ma's plan is that the future of Taobao to provide the community with 1 million jobs, to help more people achieve the dream of the net business. "We do not need more revenue, not more profits, but if we can do the Alibaba platform, Taobao platform, can help countless entrepreneurs succeed, this is our success." "[page]"-venture incubator or angel investment in a complete industrial chain system, is from the seed stage Angel investment and incubator, to the early investment venture capital (VC), the mature stage and the late Investment Private equity Fund (PE), then to the investment bank, the Acquisition Fund (buy-out), Eventually, the perfect securities and acquisitions (M&A) market took over.　　Although Angel investment and business incubator have some common characteristics, they are two different kinds of things.　　1. The purpose of investment is consistent.　　The aim of the two is not to acquire the ownership of the enterprise, but to enlarge the enterprise through investment and service, and then realize the return of investment in the flow of property right through the appropriate exit mode.　　2. The direction of attention is the same. Angel investment and business incubators have a consistent focus: start-ups. The main purpose of angel investment is to nurture the seed-stage venture enterprise and profit from the growth of the enterprise.　　The core of the business incubator is to provide incubation services to the hatching seed until it grows.　　3. The same mode of operation. Both of the investment targets are the general investors are unwilling to provide funds of high technology content, growth and rapid risk enterprises.　　Through the provision of value-added services to support the development of start-ups indirectly, the aim is to profit rather than the company's fear of holding rights, so angel investment and incubator are ideal innovative mode of operation.　　4. The same relationship with the start-up business. Both products are in the seed period or the creation period of the enterprise, to bear a high degree of technical, financial, market, management and other risks.　　They and the enterprise is a kind of "one glory, one loss," the interactive relationship.　　5. Exit methods are basically the same. Regardless of the form of shares, both in order to recover investment and achieve investment income, generally have to exit.　　Its exit mode is mainly public listing, acquisition and merger, corporate repurchase equity and so on. The mode of operation of Angel investor funded by incubator this model also has drawbacks。 It is not aimed at the overall interests of the whole region, the short-term behavior is more obvious.　　In addition, in order to avoid the risk, this model for the technology but not the enterprise mechanism of the project or is still in the seed stage of the technology project may be more rigorous review and screening, so that some enterprises lose the opportunity to hatch. The change trend of the proportion of 2008~2010 college graduates ' self-entrepreneurship 1. The proportion of university graduates ' self-employment has increased, focusing on the primary and secondary education sectors (3%), Internet operations and the web search portal Industry (2.7%).　　The graduates of higher vocational colleges are concentrated in the apparel retailing (3.6%) and the building decoration Industry (2.8%).　　2. The main motivation is their own entrepreneurial ideals (41% undergraduate, vocational college 42%), only 7% of the undergraduates because they can not find a job to start a business, the proportion of vocational and technical College is 6%. 3. Start-up capital 80% from relatives and friends and personal savings (undergraduate 80%, higher vocational and Technical college 82%), from commercial venture capital (undergraduate 4%, higher vocational and professional 1%) and government-funded (undergraduate 2%, vocational college 2%) the proportion of small.