Base Station Construction: The concept of environmental protection needs to run through always

At present, our country has clearly put forward the overall development strategy of "building a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society". However, with the development of communication industry and the expansion of communication network, the whole communication industry has more than 20 billion-kilowatt power consumption, of which the mobile communication network consumes the most, while the energy consumption of the base station equipment occupies 90% of the energy consumption of the whole mobile communication network equipment. In view of this, the base station green energy conservation has become the current base station development inevitable trend. In order to purchase the related equipment of base station, the telecom operators in China have put forward the green hard indexes such as energy saving and emission reduction. The vast number of equipment manufacturers in response to the requirements of operators, continuous technological innovation, through a variety of technologies and ways to launch Green base station products and solutions, in the promotion of environmental protection and energy efficiency of the base station gradually improve the performance of the base station, all-round green concept throughout the construction process of Green base station.

Focus on improving equipment integration

The main features of Green base station are embodied in energy saving and emission reduction, so how to implement energy saving and emission reduction has become the focus of Green base station construction. At present, the energy saving and emission reduction of base station can be realized by various methods and technologies.

At present, many equipment manufacturers through technological innovation to improve the integration of equipment, the use of broadband chips, supporting a variety of technical formats to introduce Low-power base station equipment to achieve energy saving and emission reduction. Datang Mobile, such as the introduction of a new generation of base station products, single carrier power consumption is only 3W, the machine power consumption only 190W, compared with the traditional base station energy consumption, power loss 50%. 8 RF channels, each channel output power 3W, the whole machine energy consumption is only 180W, the overall energy efficiency ratio increases 240%.

The operators can reduce the energy consumption by using the software control of the idle carrier frequency turn-off technology, the time slot turn-off technology and the traffic allocation optimization. They can also use a certain algorithm to open and close the carrier frequency based on the change of traffic volume. On the basis of the carrier frequency turn-off, the time slot can be shut off in a finer degree to achieve more precise control. These technologies are generally suitable for a new generation of base stations, and some can be implemented through software upgrades for already deployed base stations. Datang Mobile's base station software energy consumption control algorithm ——— energy efficiency ratio Intelligent Control algorithm (eeim,energyefficiencyintelligentmanagement), according to the traffic situation, through software control, reduce equipment consumption 20% to 50%.

Because the wireless network occupies the highest proportion of total energy consumption in the mobile communication network, the energy consumption of the base station main equipment is the biggest, the energy consumption of the whole room is 51%, the energy consumption of the room air conditioner is 46%, and other supporting energy consumption is 3%. From this can be seen, the room air-conditioning energy saving is also very important.

Ministry of Telecommunications Research experts Zhang CONGWU to the "China Electronic newspaper," said: "Natural ventilation system is generally applicable to small temperature difference, good air quality area, heat exchange energy-saving system is mainly suitable for indoor and outdoor temperature difference in the environment." The fuzzy control technology can optimize the operation state of air conditioner and realize the adaptive energy saving of air-conditioning. ”

Focus on system-wide energy saving

The key to green base stations is energy conservation, but the green base station is not just a base station for energy saving and emission reduction. Because the base station not only need electrical energy, but also occupy the room, add ancillary facilities, such as room air-conditioning, power and so on. And for most mobile operators around the world, the base station main equipment accounted for only about 30% of the site one-time investment, the remaining costs are mainly concentrated in the site supporting, computer room acquisition, transmission equipment, power systems, day feed systems, and follow-up long-term maintenance costs. Therefore, the true meaning of green is not only to save electricity, but to reduce energy consumption, save raw materials, reduce land, cost savings and many other factors to consider a full range of "green."

Huawei China Wireless Marketing Department deputy chief engineer Zhou Jianguo to the "China Electronic newspaper" reporter said: "Green base station should have low energy consumption, easy deployment, low TCO three characteristics, at the same time with energy saving, material, section, section of the human 4 major advantages." ”

Datang Mobile Marketing Technical Support Center technical director Li Tongpo said: "Green base station as the current base station development trend, mainly including energy saving, saving land, saving materials, environmental protection packaging materials and renewable energy use, 5 major characteristics." "This shows that the green base station is to break the communication technology and the standard barrier, on the basis of the concept of a full range of green environmental protection into product design and production, on the basis of energy saving and environmental protection to enhance the profitability of mobile operators base station, it can meet the operators of supporting, networking, environmental protection and resource utilization requirements.

At present, according to the characteristics of Green base station, the vast number of equipment manufacturers continue to carry out technological innovation, the introduction of a variety of green base station products and solutions.

The green idea runs through the whole life cycle

In the construction process of the base station, the green idea should run through the design, production, transportation, use and recycle of the base station products. Green Base Station design at the beginning, to fully consider the requirements of environmental protection equipment, from the selection of environmentally friendly raw materials to the base strip production, architecture design, manufacturing processes and other aspects of strict implementation of RoHS standards. At the same time, attention should be paid to the details of green base stations, such as carbon dioxide emissions, radiation, noise, harmful gas control.

The transport process of base station equipment will involve the loss of materials such as wood, which usually use wooden cases to pack base station equipment, resulting in a lot of waste of wood. Related enterprises can develop reusable logistics system, reduce the use of traditional equipment transport to wooden cases, at the same time set up common, efficient and economical packaging and transport standards and systems to ensure the reusable packaging. China Mobile and Huawei and other equipment manufacturers to jointly develop a reusable logistics system, the system uses a reusable turnover frame, emphasizing appropriate packaging, moderate protection, emphasizing the re-use of packaging materials, with light materials, packaging methods concise, packaging standards of the three major characteristics of unity. Compared with the traditional wooden box packing, the weight of the package is reduced by 22%, the packing and unpacking time is decreased by 65%, the packing material recycling can be increased 5 times times to 7 times times, and the combined cost can be reduced by 8%.

For the base station End-of-life products, should adopt modular standard design structure, easy disassembly, easy separation of different materials, conducive to the reuse of products. For devices with minor failures, they can be used in a simple maintenance cycle. Equipment that cannot be reused, due to the use of environmentally friendly raw materials, can be regenerated, degraded and eventually disposed of. Scrap products timely recovery, treatment, renewable parts after disassembly, parts reuse, saving raw materials, but also reduce environmental pollution.

Expert opinion

Telecom industry senior expert Wu Quan

Energy saving and emission reduction to enhance operators ' competitiveness

Energy-saving and emission reduction is a whole industry, all staff, the whole process of systematic, overall behavior. Through the implementation of energy-saving emission reduction can comb, optimize the management of operators, networks, technology and partners, effectively enhance the operator's industrial chain system view and competitiveness. The understanding of the importance and opportunity of energy saving and emission reduction will help to enhance the initiative and seriousness of the operators ' work.

To promote energy-saving emission reduction and green concept to the height of operators ' core values, through all aspects of enterprise operation and Development, it is helpful for the understanding of energy saving and emission reduction, so that the green idea becomes the operator's initiative consciousness, and the energy saving and emission reduction work is active, behavioral and personification.

According to statistics, telecommunications operating energy consumption of 90% is the network energy consumption, that is to say, the focus of energy-saving operators in the network system, including network equipment, network rooms and related ancillary equipment. Including the main communications equipment, it equipment, transmission equipment, network optimization equipment, day feeder, power equipment, air-conditioning equipment. The implementation of energy saving and emission reduction work also needs to establish the corresponding safeguard system, establish the organizational management grade. Only the personnel in place, the responsibility is clear, the process is clear, the standard is effective, the examination is serious, the establishment management operation system and the closed loop system, the energy conservation emission reduction work can obtain the positive result. At present, operators adopt a variety of green energy-saving technology, such as wind power complementary system, switching power supply of dormant technology, new refrigerant energy-saving schemes and network IP.

Ministry of Telecommunications Research Institute Zhang CONGWU Liang Zhiping

The base station energy saving should start from multi-directional

Communication industry is not only a high-tech industry, but also a high-energy industry. China's communication network scale has leapt to the world's first, communication base station to hundreds of thousands of, with the reorganization of our country to form three full service operators and the future 3G license issuance, communication network Base station, power system and the size of the computer room will continue to expand. Through the application of new energy-saving technology to help energy-saving emission reduction, the realization of "green communication" has become the focus of the current operators.

In the energy consumption of the base station equipment, the power consumption of the antenna-fed system and the cabinet is comparatively fixed, which is relatively low. The carrier power consumption of the service channel is changing with the business load, and it is also the main part of the base station equipment consumption. In the base station with obvious change of traffic volume, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption of 10%-20% by actively introducing the carrier or the time slot turn-off technology with smaller granularity.

The use of new devices and more compact design, improve system integration, such as dual-density carrier baseband, RF, amplifier and power unit, relative to the single density carrier can save 30% of energy consumption, but also to save room space. The increase of baseband integration greatly reduces the number of veneer and reduces the total power consumption. The development of Low-power chips is very important, because energy consumption has cascade effect, terminal equipment power consumption will be amplified gradually, to achieve the base station main equipment energy saving effect.

In the base station auxiliary equipment's energy conservation, must consider the air conditioning energy conservation emphatically. Through the power system control, the power system can improve the efficiency of the power system, such as the automatic turn-off of the communication switching power supply system, which can reduce the power consumption of the switching power supply system and thus achieve the energy saving. In addition, we should vigorously promote the wireless energy-saving technology standards, combined with the standardization of Base station equipment to achieve the overall energy-saving effect.

Ministry of Telecommunications Research Institute Junfeng

Network optimization Energy saving of base station

We enjoy convenient mobile communication network to bring us convenience at the same time, we can not forget that the base station is the mobile operators of large power consumption, the need to build energy-saving and environmental protection base station, reducing the power consumption in the base station operation.

Through continuous technological innovation to improve the integration of base station equipment, the use of broadband chips, support a variety of technical formats, reduce the number of materials used in equipment, reduce the power consumption during the operation of equipment, save room space, can reduce the air-conditioning, power and other ancillary equipment needs.

AC power consumption is close to half of the total power consumption of the base station, and measures should be taken to improve the efficiency. At the same time, through the traditional base station computer room for intelligent ventilation transformation, the introduction of fresh air system, the use of direct wind, natural heat dissipation and other means to reduce the room for air-conditioning requirements. In terms of new energy, the use of solar and wind energy systems can be fully considered and the introduction of new energy technologies should be considered where conditions permit. This will reduce power consumption and reduce carbon dioxide emissions from thermal or oil-powered generators.

Operators should take into account the new technology of base station and its maturity, combine with practice in the network planning, to meet the network coverage, business needs, reduce the number of base station, reduce the base station transmission power. In network optimization, operators should allocate indoor coverage and outdoor coverage frequency to optimize the frequency. This can not only make full use of the frequency resources, but also reduce the interference between the wireless signal, to reduce the base station, mobile station transmission power, reduce energy consumption.

Share base station resources, can reduce the duplication of construction, reduce the idle waste of resources. We can often see the two towers that belong to different carriers standing side by side, and each tower has more free antenna mounting positions. Telecom reorganization after the mobile operators from two to three, the demand for site resources, but also through the sharing of base station site, including room space, power supply, storage battery, transmission and other resources, improve equipment utilization, reduce energy consumption. For the construction of the base station tower, base station room, indoor coverage system, operators can be shared by negotiation. (IT168)