From economics to website operation: the development of China's e-commerce under Pride and Prejudice (next)

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The last chapter is about the chaos of China's e-commerce management under the Keynesian flood, and this chapter mainly talks about how to use public choice theory to solve the mistakes and mistakes of the development policy of e-commerce.

The theory of public Choice is the newest branch of modern economics, which is often called "new political Economy" or "economics in politics", and it is a poor subject in economics and politics, to put it simply, The theory of public choice is a new research field of applying economics theory hypothesis and analytic method to study the problem of non-market decision or public decision.

Such a discipline mainly analyzes the causes of government failure, discusses the ways to standardize government behavior and improve the efficiency of government, and it studies political issues from the angle of economics.

In the current development of e-commerce in China, unfortunately very few people use the public choice theory to make the objective analysis to the decision-making and the policy, the related department before makes the decision-making, often according to the traditional industry experience directly to apply the current question, this has appeared the rigid stipulation net shop needs to carry on the license, the website needs to record this kind of situation.

In fact, the father of public choice theory Buchanan in the creation of this school, in order to prevent such practices from recurring in market operations, he believes that individuals are inherently inclined to maximize utility or benefit, and that the actions of the government and its officials can be found that the government and its officials do not pursue the public interest But the tendency of pursuing the maximization of self-interest is the important cause of government failure.

Such a kind of argument can reasonably explain the current development of e-commerce many strange phenomena, such as the appeasement of network fraud, the constant pursuit of economies of scale, blindly publicize the number of Chinese netizens to increase the results of network operators around the division, the importance of E-commerce details part of the fuzzy processing and so on.

As for the huge current of government decision making, the public choice school has summed up the following four aspects after the initial research in many ways:

I. Public decision-making failures. The failure of public decision-making is a very complicated process, because in the process of development, many objective constraints lead to the failure of decision making, such as mistakes caused by the defects of the decision-making system and so on.

Two. Government expansion. The theory of public choice holds that both the bureaucracy and the legislature are pursuing the maximization of the budget, and their "iron triangle" with interest groups has led to a widening trend in government budgets, and the government's pursuit of internal self-interest rather than the public interest is called an "internal effect", which is considered an important cause of government failure, Government expansion leads to waste of social resources, lower economic benefits, offset of resource allocation and reduction of social welfare, which is one of the main manifestations of government failure.

The specific case is the so-called exclusive Olympic shop, Olympic products individuals can not freely sell, only in the development of government-type shop platform for sale, so that should be more popular in the Olympic product market become unusually narrow, because of a monopoly, the price of any changes and concessions, so that the legitimate rights of consumers are affected, The trust-like giants have hindered the rapid development of the online Olympic economy.

Three. Inefficiency of the bureaucracy. The public choice theory thinks that the inefficiency of bureaucracy is the important reason that policy cannot be carried out rationally, the lack of competition leads to the need of officials for their own benefit, expands or blindly increases more than the market demand, and unlike company bosses, the government officials pursue not the maximization of benefits, but the largest scale, In order to increase their opportunities for promotion and expand their sphere of influence, this will lead to inefficiency, unclear responsibilities.

The simplest case is the website record, the entire filing system can hardly find a consultation telephone, and the record process too long is also a lot of webmaster very upset a reason, and online transactions led to be cheated, in the network is also difficult to quickly find a warning platform for legal processing, often found can not be resolved in a timely manner, The so-called high-speed network to deal with the government link has become unusually slow.

For officials, as the government image and policy decision makers, should maintain their own independent and-oriented thinking, especially in the current socialist premise, the ancients said that reading history can be reasonable, in fact, now often criticized ancient feudal ignorance, but a little special view

In the history of the Ming Dynasty, I adore the Yu, at that time Zhu Houzhao in power, Wei Control Regency, this period is the Ming Dynasty officialdom rare dark period, basically against Wei the eunuch officials, not a good end, but even so, Ming history records: The court on the dare to speak frankly and was Wei staff, Once more than 30 people, the staff is a big butt, in ancient times this kind of criminal law can often hit the dead, so we suggest that all sons do not spank.

And in one of the staff, Wei Extra care for a small official, more "reward" he more than 10, and will he sent to the border when small collectors, this person is Yu, because he in the emperor's throne, openly called Wei is right rape, this suddenly basically will his political life to zero, this is his political life's first cry.

But when the Mongol cavalry invaded Beijing, when the full of the man was overwhelmed, it is such a court played the board, the people sent to the frontier (Wei after the fall of his cabinet), the tide, with their loyalty to defend the Ming Dynasty millions of people's life and Daming's Jiangshan, This is the most famous battle of Beijing in the history of Ming Dynasty.

Later, as a result of being framed, the new emperor beheaded in the capital (political reasons), responsible for the speculators of the people to the Yu home, the first time found that the Ming cabinet, Bingbushangshu, the first prime Minister of the people, in addition to a few clothes and a little home supplies, almost no property.

Yu, a rare, noble person, with his own life to tell the world, I am not for the authority of the Government, but for the people!

Yu was killed on the day, tens of thousands of people in the capital in flagrant defiance of the ban, for the funeral!

Yu died less than three years, the Emperor Big Zhao World, for its vindication!

This is a pure, do not live for their own people, fortunately, hundreds of years later, China has another such young people, with the ideal of saving the nation, after decades of struggle to achieve the position of once Yu and for the People's life, the United Nations for the flag, no savings of the Prime Minister---Zhou Enlai.

Lime Yin

Tempered out of the mountains,
If a fire burns lightly.
All is not afraid of the shattered,
To remain innocent in the world.

This is the integrity of Chinese intellectual officials: the state can wronged me, but I cannot abandon the country. Do not like to see now the so-called drama, such as TV dramas, as if officials should stoop to kowtow, shouting: The slave to the same, to know Well-read Mencius, for the official side, not to call himself a slave all the time.

When it comes to intellectual integrity, and the thought of such a person, the so-called Chinese opposition to online games, the first person Tao X "Professor", the alleged resolute stand against the frontline of online games, has entered the age of the elderly, is playing a scene in the Chinese network of comedy.

Has not contacted the online game, itself has given up Chinese nationality (American), each lecture takes the admission mode and the ticket price is very expensive, the lecture must bring the manuscript and the theory is flooded with the scholar, whenever the media reports of the kind of hate to the game is always reminiscent of the Cultural Revolution period for class enemies of the attack enthusiasm.

As a Chinese intellectual, you can be a color (such as Tong Pak Fu), or you can be greedy (such as Xu Jie), you can also powers (such as Juzheng), but also can play politics (such as Yang Tinghe), but not for money and nothing---conscience.

Mr. Tao cursed online games to harm the next generation is useless, I will never think of the parents forced to sit under the stage of the children are what kind of mood, but it is certain that the network game is a favorite of the times, as the 70 's like Cui Jian, 80 like the net, 90 like Non-mainstream, Each era has its own brand, not for one of their age can not accept a wide range of things to blow, alarmist. Again, if China really encounters a major war after 10 years, the main force in the battlefield may be the current non-force, although no matter how fighting, but compared to some Chinese-American in the thousands of-mile curse China's corruption, much better.

Talking about these, to say is: In addition to the official position, in addition to the right, in addition to money, intellectuals and officials should have a responsibility, China rarely appear as economists like Samuelson, not because the Chinese poor, but Westerners are proficient in engineering, everything to get the most meticulous results, and the Chinese People's life concept, What's the biggest thing? The golden mean, this thing is not clear way unknown, but there are many examples can be reflected: such as flying General Li is an alcoholic, but also once did drop the soldiers, but in the face of multiplying the Huns, or the sacrifice of Li Shi, courageously do not retreat; Wen heard that the court fall, unable to save their own time, to the south three to die generously, People have shortcomings, officials will also have errors, but in addition to politics, in addition to money, in addition to prestige, but also have a sense of responsibility, to the world as their own responsibility, and really to the people think, to minimize policy errors caused by the loss of the people, this is the Chinese people's way.

Of course, the theory of public choice finally talked about how to avoid the mistakes of government work, the most important thing is that the formation of competition mechanism within the government.

Breaking Monopoly is the way to enhance efficiency, so long as the monopoly of public goods production is broken, the inefficiency of government action can be eliminated through the establishment of competition mechanism.

Buchanan and other public choice theories, the researchers put forward some ideas for establishing the competition mechanism. For example, two or more institutions could be set up to provide the same public goods and services, make them more efficient, and compete by creating the same institutions in different regions.

As for the development of e-commerce in China, at present, it is definitely not the time to use Keynes to control economic theory, China's internet has been more than 10 years but actually just started, and E-commerce is more like a baby can not adapt to the outside of the wind and rain, even if E-commerce developed in the United States, the government control efforts are relative to other industries, Because at present, can not correctly grasp the objective law of Internet business (because time is too short), there is no way to experience (update too fast), now the government needs to do is to use the government's rights to control and support.

Control is the problem, now need to do, is a case to quickly solve an example, let the problem occur in the embryonic stage, the fight against crooks, standardize the industry order, but not with policies, regulations to bind industry development. Rather than nip the weeds in the bud before they grow, it's possible that the field will not have weeds, but it may not grow well.

Support is a number of new ideas and new projects, the current introduction of some of our technology incubator Garden, university student Entrepreneurship Support program, theory than practice, once asked a college student: Why do not apply for a start-up fund? He said with a wry smile: "Apply for the fund at most one months cheap so hundred dollars, and the eligibility requirements are higher than the day, It's better to buy a few items online.

The reason for arrogance is not to understand, the long-term high lead to policy imbalance, theoretical and practical disconnect, the reason for prejudice is also because of the failure to understand, do not understand the development of the industry is unpredictable, unpredictable cause panic and worry about mistakes, fear of mistakes led to too narrow policy release, The result of policy implementation without market verification is that policy cannot be implemented, that it leads to an industry-ordered disorder, and that people lose confidence in government decision-making.

To solve the development of e-commerce in China, need policy related departments, industry practitioners, theoretical analysts and other aspects of comprehensive discussion, research, and carefully formulate the actual needs of the current stage of the trial program, staged slowly and repeated revisions, so as to make China's fragile e-commerce development can be more stable transition and development.