Government-oriented cloud service procurement is a system engineering

The importance of the use of cloud services in the government information system to buy and build has been highly valued by the financial departments. In May 2012, the Treasury Department of the Ministry of Finance issued a catalogue of government procurement categories (trial), which increased the C0207 "operational services" of the corresponding cloud services, including software operations services, platform operations services, and infrastructure operations services. The new catalog indicates that the government-oriented cloud services procurement is about to start.

July 31, 2013, the State Council meeting clearly requested that "the Government can buy public services through commissioning, contracting and purchasing," and the scope of our government procurement is gradually extended from the procurement of goods to the service category and the engineering category. This meeting decided to assist the Government in purchasing cloud services.

From the cultivation of "Twelve-Five" strategic emerging industries to promote government procurement of public services, government procurement cloud services is imperative.

Business needs of the Department of Spontaneous procurement, business type diversification, industry and geographical characteristics are obvious

In a comprehensive view, the current use of procurement of cloud services rather than built to meet the needs of information technology, there are two main types: first, in the case of new information needs, cloud service providers have the corresponding relatively mature business, such as mailbox, office, mass or unstructured data monitoring and display, procurement cloud services have the deployment speed, Obvious advantages, such as clear price advantage, small operation and maintenance workload.

Second, the existing information system needs to be expanded, but the original structure is not suitable for expansion, or the new demand peak characteristics, or integration of a number of domain platforms, such as the procurement of cloud services have a large resource flexibility, business implementation easier, less capital investment and other notable advantages. With the United States and other developed countries to formulate macro-level strategy to promote government procurement cloud services, China is currently the main business needs of the voluntary procurement behavior, so compared to the United States has done the overall planning of the Iaas/eaas business, China's business type more diversified, industry and geographical characteristics are more obvious.

According to the distribution of the industry, the new agriculture, national tax, education and other vertical areas due to high complexity of business, new information needs, the most active in the procurement of cloud services, procurement scale is the largest; from the geographical point of view, the eastern region of higher economic development level of large data volume, the complexity of information needs, the level of information of government agencies higher , the benefits of purchasing cloud services are higher, while the central and western regions have relatively low level of information, new information needs are more, cloud services can realize the construction of efficient information system under the limited budget, and the willingness of the government to use cloud services is also very strong.

Specific to the business situation, currently in the desktop cloud, professional business system, web hosting and mailbox business have successful cases.

The main features are as follows: From the point of view of time node, the purchase behavior basically occurs after 2011, but the cloud computing concept in our country is approximately around 2008 to appear; from the time of delivery, the business system varies from 1 days to six months, but it is much smaller than the time required by the self-built system; From the point of view of procurement, the use of a single source , the proportion of the procurement by C020602 hardware operation and maintenance services is the majority; from the delivery model, the proportion of the common public cloud is over 60%, from the figures, the government's demand for security and confidentiality is not high; from the perspective of capital savings, the procurement of cloud services compared to the traditional model, Can save 20% to 80% percentage of the money.

Procurement of all aspects of the management rules have yet to be perfected, resulting in procurement units can not buy, do not dare to buy

Although there are already international experience for reference, some attempts have been carried out in China, but at present our government procurement public cloud service still faces many restrictions.

From the view of the policy itself, the management rules of all the procurement links have yet to be perfected, resulting in the purchase of "cannot buy" "Dare not buy", restricting the government procurement of public cloud services to promote the work.

First, the procurement process. Government procurement has a strict classification of procurement management system, cloud services procurement must be included in the classification of procurement system for management.

From the selection of procurement, although the "Government procurement Catalog" since 2011 set up the operating services, such as cloud computing related projects, can be used as a basic procurement basis. But because the cloud service form is diverse and complex, the actual product is various. This results in the difficulty of matching directory entries to the actual service at specific purchases. At present, there is still lack of clear regulation of the classification of government procurement cloud services, which leads to the confusion of procurement personnel and financial management.

Second, the process of budgeting. The Government procurement system often emphasizes planning, requiring the early budgeting to be as precise as possible. But cloud services are billed for actual usage. Due to the possibility of sudden flow of traffic, such as the Typhoon path release system, this makes the budget for the preparation of the exact cost of cloud services. It is also a problem to be solved how to be compatible with the current rigid budget system.

The third is the technology selection link. In the Government procurement cloud service, the technology selection link is very important, it needs to consider the performance, migration, security and other aspects of the service evaluation to make a reasonable choice. Evaluating the performance and security of cloud services is a complex task, and there is currently a lack of relevant technical standards in the country.

In addition, mobility is also a key factor to consider. The technology implementation of different cloud service providers is inconsistent with the external interface, which leads to the high cost of data and service transfer across platforms in government information system and the risk of technology lock-in. Therefore, it is necessary to establish relevant standards as soon as possible to standardize the technology selection of cloud service and reduce the technical risk.

Four is after the purchase management link. Cloud service procurement is different from the previous hardware and software procurement, procurement of service supervision and management is critical. Hardware and software procurement in the delivery of products and installed in place after the completion of the contract, procurement only after the management of good after-sale maintenance can, so the management is relatively simple.

and the procurement of cloud services, need to be in the procurement after the use of service quality, security, and so on, to ensure that the contract execution in place, the management is more complex, there is still a lack of corresponding management system, affecting the use of the unit's confidence.