How to integrate product into user behavior

Good product design is a people-centered, understanding the user and user behavior, the discovery and understanding of design requirements, the problem is in fact solved half. Further deepen the understanding of user and user behavior, from various aspects of the improvement of concrete design, good products from where the problem can be solved.

Let the product into user behavior

Good products tend to be perfectly integrated into user behavior and support this behavior in a way that users can understand. Then how to grasp the user behavior, how to conduct the center of the design?

1. Hardware scale

The hardware scale mainly refers to the human body characteristic parameter, the user and the product through the behavior relations, implements to the product design is uses the process the body part and the related operation Place correspondence, is the human body characteristic and the product characteristic match.

The human body characteristic parameter including the human body each part size, the activity radius, the muscle strength, the movement form and so on static and the dynamic parameter, is the ergonomics most basic and the most commonly used subject content. The different characteristics of human body have a great influence on the behavior of people in the product.

The same chair, because the user body height, leg length and other characteristics of the different parameters, the person's posture, sitting time and behavior will have a great change in response to the different characteristics of human body parameters caused by different behavior in many designs have been reflected, such as the design of adjustable seats, or soft seat design.

2. Software metrics

Software scale refers to people's emotional factors. Emotions are usually not directly related to the purpose of the user's use of the product, but emotional changes can affect the behavior of the product when used.

When people are anxious, their thinking narrows, focusing only on the directly related aspects of the problem, but sometimes unexpected results occur, such as "quick-witted", which vividly describes the emotional impact on behavior. Emotions can control the body's muscles, altering the way the brain operates through chemical neurotransmitters, which in turn affects operational behavior.

Beautiful objects make people feel good, and this feeling in turn makes them think more creatively. But there are many factors affecting human emotions, including weather, light, temperature and other natural factors, including music and other man-made factors. Researchers have done an experiment playing different types of music in stores to investigate changes in how people buy red wine has found that playing music or different types of music does not affect the amount of wine they buy, but it has a big impact on the quality of the wine, especially when playing jazz Can create more profits for wine sales.

3. Customary scale

Many designers have the idea that "user behavior is irreversible", although it is an overly arbitrary and incorrect theory, but from another aspect of the importance of user habits.

We now use the QWERTY keyboard is a typical user-based design case, is a disadvantage products to overcome the advantages of the typical representative. Initially, the typewriter keyboard is in alphabetical order, this machine-structured typing tool, if the typing speed is too fast, the combination of some keys can easily appear key problems.

Americans shoals The most commonly used letters in the opposite direction, slowing down the speed of keystrokes to avoid the key. This is the goal of slowing down the key to the keyboard arrangement has continued, the main reason is the force of habit, for most people, to learn a set of rules to improve the speed of typing does not have much substantive significance, the cost of reform is very high.

4. Subconscious scale

Subconscious is also called unconscious, it can exert pressure and influence on people's character and behavior, some seemingly insignificant things, such as dreams, slips of tongue and clerical error, are determined by the latent consciousness of the brain.

For the subconscious consciousness and its application in the design, the behavior-centered design needs to focus on the content. As the iceberg theory describes, the vast majority of human consciousness has an impact on the surface consciousness and behavior, and similarly, the user's potential needs and subconscious behavior provide a vast space for product design, and attention to human subconscious behavior creates seemingly simple yet intriguing products, Thus, the subconscious cognition is externalized, which leads to strong cognition, and this deep and reflective cognition can create a profound and lasting user experience.

Japanese designer Shenze straight in the speech "the core of consciousness" through a large number of product design examples of product design for the subconscious attention to the application of the charm generated. People often put milk boxes or water bottles into similar grooves because their shape fits to inspire subconscious behavior.

Shenze the intuitive design, that is, the idea of not thinking, he thought that design to find inspiration in the unconscious, as designers, than the non-designers more to discover the subconscious behavior and demand in life. When people are asked what kind of design they need, they tend to say they don't know, but one day when they see something, they say, "Ah, that's it", because their subconscious is not excited, and the designer is to tap the user's subconscious behavior and needs to design the product.

How do you focus on user behavior?

1. The essential need to clarify behavior

The essential demand behind the clear behavior often produces unexpected ideas and can greatly expand design ideas.

When we improve the design of toothbrushes, usually from the shape of the toothbrush, materials and color and other traditional ideas to consider, but we need really is a toothbrush this thing? We just need some kind of product to make the mouth clean. When you realize that the essential function of a toothbrush is to clean your mouth, we think, "What's the future of oral care?" is to continue the traditional "brush" or to take other forms of action. For example, "spray", "chewing", so that the design idea will not be limited to the toothbrush the object itself, to the user's essential needs-oriented, based on user behavior, can produce new solutions.

2. Behavior sometimes requires adaptation techniques

In the behavior-centric design, we recognize that human behavior requires adaptation techniques when necessary, and that the design of products is designed to effectively support the user's behavior, rather than simply obeying the user's will.

People are really adapting to technology, and behavior-centric design not only understands this, but also makes good use of it. Most of the time you have to learn the tools and techniques, then you will understand the activities to be carried out, such as shooting, you must first understand the structure and characteristics of the gun to grasp the essence of the sport, become a good shooter.

Scientists create technology, designers convert technology into products, and users adapt to technology. Most of the time this is a process. For example, people from the adaptation with the mouse control computer, to adapt to hand touch operation this way, people have been with the development of technology to change user behavior, it is difficult to touch the way is the best human-computer interaction, the future of this way will still change, people will continue to adapt to technology.

This is not to negate the idea of the user Center, user behavior is all about people, so systems and technologies that support user behavior are often well supported by those who engage in these behaviors, so we can still leverage the knowledge and experience that we've accumulated in our user-centric design.

3. Guide Behavior with Design

The design that takes the user behavior as the center, does not necessarily require the designer to observe the behavior, then designs the product to cater to people's behavior. While this is most often the case, we need to guide the user's behavior at the right time, at the right place, through a specific design, for some purpose. The guide of design can be negative or positive, this kind of guidance can be understood from two levels of physiology and psychology, generally speaking, it mainly includes two methods of restriction and stimulation.

Constraints

The best way to avoid the wrong choice is to give the user the only option. Similarly, to guide user behavior can be done through product manufacturing constraints. If the user can easily see and explain the physical structure of restrictive factors, users know before using which actions are reasonable, then can effectively avoid misoperation.

For example, the door handle design, if remove the obvious handle, does not provide the possibility of pulling, then the user can understand that the door is pushed to open, of course, many doors will be written "push" or "pull" text, which is also to help people understand the design, but at this time the use of the door needs to be two levels of understanding, In itself is not a good design, not only increased costs, but also increased the burden of user understanding.

The design of the lock and key is now very confusing, and some locks are rotated clockwise to open, some are counterclockwise, single from the direction of the key to the rotation of the user caused the burden of understanding, if the release of constraints, users can open the lock in either direction, or to enable users to understand the correct use of the method, that is a good design.

It is very common in public space design to guide user behavior through binding design. The design of blind, for example, provides a spatial constraint to the blind through the surface projection, leading the blind to walk well. In fact, many normal people also use blind to walk in special situations, such as when concentrating on texting, which may be a conscious act or a subconscious act, and if the designer observes and understands this, it may create more designs.

The design of seats in public space has always been a topic of concern to designers. Everyone will find that the park or the square bench utilization is very low, generally designed for three or four people use the bench is often only one person sitting on it, although many people wandering, unable to find a seat, they do not want to sit with others, why?

Because many people need privacy, they have instinctive rejection of strangers, and traditional benches make them feel too intimate with others, even though benches can provide enough room for three to four people. If you change the horizontal arrangement of the benches to portrait, or simply add some small partitions on the benches, things will improve, and the bench utilization will rise.

Stimulus

Previously discussed "beautiful objects better use", through product form, color, material and even sound to stimulate users, stimulate thinking, so as to guide the user behavior in the direction of change.

It is a good example of a product with a long history of stimulating user psychology to change user behavior. Hot summer, in the absence of air-conditioning and fan days, people become irritable because of the heat, behavior also behaved well restless, in this case, the efficiency and enthusiasm of human will be significantly reduced, and will lead to more mistakes. And the small wind chimes, through the light, transparent and bright appearance and sweet and fresh sound makes people's mood become tranquil, behavior also appears elegant calmly many.

The toilet paper designed by Japanese architect Shigeru is a great example of the design that guides the user's behavior, which in fact contains a two-level guide to constraints and stimuli. The center of this roll of toilet paper is quadrangular, and the toilet paper rolls into a similar square. If the usual circular paper barrel, in use, as long as a gentle pull, you can very smoothly draw the paper, and in the extraction of paper in the four corners of the tube in toilet paper, will be caused by resistance and issued a "clicks, clicks" Voice, pull up the paper is not so carefree. This design is particularly due to the inconvenience caused by the four corners of the paper tube produced by the resistance and not so pleasant voice to stimulate the user, cause thinking, stimulate their potential resource conservation awareness, the user's behavior in a benign direction. In addition, the square paper barrel because of saving the gap between the paper, can effectively reduce the manufacturing and transportation costs.

To change the core of the Web into a square such a seemingly simple design improvement, can bring great changes, it profoundly embodies the designer's critical thinking, design is to have this critical of life, and this nature from the observation and reflection of human behavior.

Ultimately, the relationship between the user and the product takes place through behavior. In a sense, design is actually the design of behavior, when the user's behavior is reflected as the support need of the object, or when the user's behavior differs from the designer's intention to some extent, it actually constitutes a new relationship between the person and the product, and the result of this relationship materialization is the appearance of the new design.