Large data and national governance

Large data has a huge, multi-source, complex information attributes and high-end, cutting-edge technical features, is the cloud computing, the Internet after another subversive technology revolution. Large data makes people's thinking mode, behavior pattern and management idea change all round, and it has great application potential and creative space in the field of public management. Under the requirement and background of "deepening reform comprehensively and promoting the modernization of national governance system and governance ability", it is of great theoretical and practical significance to give full attention to the important value of large data in national governance, to promote the innovation of data management technology and mode, and to realize the rule of data.

The important value of large data in national governance

Improve the level of scientific decision-making. Large data, as a new data processing technology, can more effectively integrate the national political, economic, cultural, social, ecological and other aspects of the information resources for national governance to provide important data base and decision-making support. such as medical, "three public" funds, security housing, food and drug safety reform focus issues, can use large data to assist decision-making. Through the exchange, integration and analysis of massive government data, it can also excavate new knowledge, bring new discoveries, create new value, and enhance the foresight and forerunner of national strategy formulation. More importantly, the wide application of large data is conducive to the formation of the use of data analysis, data decision-making, the use of data innovation and governance thinking and culture, to achieve "data governance" has far-reaching impact and value.

Strengthen the capacity of national governance. Large data have significant advantages in innovating the social management model and strengthening the national governance capacity. The effective docking of large data and public crisis management, can strongly promote the public security information network to improve, promote cross-sectoral, cross-regional management information synergy sharing, enhance the public crisis events of the source governance, dynamic monitoring, emergency management and early warning capacity; large data with the Internet, micro-credit, micro-Bo and other new media, the depth of integration, Can break through time and space constraints, to promote the interaction between the Government and the people from a deeper level and a wider field, and to form a new pattern of government-led, public participation and pluralistic cooperative governance; At the same time, large data is the new engine that maintains national data sovereignty, enhances information and network security, and makes the world shocked by the US "prism It has sounded the alarm of the world to maintain information security, and once again proved the important value of large data in safeguarding national data sovereignty.

Improve the effectiveness of government services. Large data and Internet of things, the combination of technology such as cloud computing can quicken the pace of construction of Intelligent City, promote the rapid development of smart transportation, intelligent logistics, intelligent community, intelligent medical care and intelligent education. The industrialization, urbanization, informatization and ecological construction of our country will accelerate the transformation and upgrade due to the revolution of large data. Data mining with large data integration, genetic algorithms, machine learning and other cutting-edge technology, with intelligent judgment analysis, intelligent error correction advantages, applied to finance, finance, taxation, government transfer payments and other major projects in the tracking audit, can realize the project implementation process real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning, reduce errors and corrupt behavior, on the construction of sunshine , efficient and service-oriented government has positive significance.

Strategic path of building big Data country

Our country is the data big Country, along with the National Gold customs, the gold tax, the Golden Shield, the gold examination and so on a large number of e-government "Jin Project" The thorough implementation, has accumulated the massive data resources, constituted the new period national governance domain reform and the innovation latent huge "data dividend". But our country is not the data power, the data resources sharing coordination degree is low, the technical support system is imperfect, the legislation lag and so on outstanding, the urgent need also must do the following work.

Increase the big data into a national strategy. In March 2012, the Obama administration invested 200 million of billions of dollars in the launch of the "Big Data research and development pilot program", creating a precedent for governments competing to develop big data. The 2013 action plan, issued by the Ministry of General Affairs of Japan in September, focused large data on the new ICT (ICT) strategy. In February 2013, the government's digital roadmap, published by France, listed large data as one of the key implementation areas of national innovation strategy. By contrast, only a handful of provinces such as Guangdong and Shanghai have launched large data development plans, and it is imperative that large data be raised as a national strategy. To stand in the strategic height of the data powerful country, strengthen the design of the top system, break down the "Information Island", break the "isolated islands", promote the integration of data resources, and establish the advancing mechanism of information sharing and coordination across the region, across departments and across levels. The National large data development promotion plan should be promulgated as soon as possible to strengthen the policy inclination and support of finance, science and technology investment, personnel training and so on to create a good ecological environment for large data development.

Establish and improve the public service system of large data. The large data is a gold mine to perfect the national governance, and its value is fully excavated and created without the perfect public service system. To closely revolve around the need for a strategy for managing the data, strengthen the construction of large data standard system, set up a large data construction standard for different types, covering various fields and constantly updating, and lay the data Foundation for realizing network interconnection, information exchange and resource sharing of all kinds of information systems; Construction of cooperative innovation platform focus on tackling a number of large data key technologies, forming a collection of massive data collection, storage, management, analysis, mining and application in one, with independent intellectual property rights of the technical support system, focus on the typical application demonstration, selection of health care, food safety, lifelong education, intelligent transportation, public safety, Science and technology services and other key areas to benefit people's livelihood, the first to launch large data services. Through typical application demonstration, vitalize, establish and perfect large data public service platform system, improve the coverage and application level of large data.

Improve the legislation of large data. The application of large data is related to the individual privacy of citizens, the public information of government and the security of National network, which is inseparable from perfect legal protection. Although China has stepped up the pace of information legislation in recent years, promulgated the "Decision on strengthening the protection of network information," "Government Information Disclosure regulations," and other series of regulations, but there are still lack of programmatic legislation, low level of regulation efficiency, the system is not perfect and so on. At present, we should further strengthen the legislation of large data, properly handle the relationship between the enactment, modification and abolition of relevant laws and regulations, strengthen the construction of laws and regulations of e-government, information security, Government information disclosure and personal information protection, and strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in the construction of large data legal system. Actively participate in the research and formulation of relevant international rules, so as to create a good legal environment for the development of large data, and promote the legalization and standardization development of the docking of large data and national governance.

(Author Unit: School of Economics and Management, Northwestern University; This paper is the periodical research results of (12d009) project of Shaanxi Philosophy and Social Science Foundation)

(Responsible editor: The good of the Legacy)