Lins, a Master of Applied mathematics: China needs first class universities

"China Economic weekly" reporter Zhou Haibin intern Wang Yongfu | Beijing reported that in the center of Tsinghua University campus, there are three exquisite white villas, this is known as "Tsinghua Master Villa" place.　　Three scientists were invited to stay here, they are the Nobel laureate in physics, Yang Ning Yang, the famous application of the forest Home and the International Computer Industry Award Turing Award first Chinese winner cc Yao. 2002, the world famous Applied Mathematics, the American Academy of Sciences, a member of the Institute of Science and Technology returned to his alma mater, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua University, after the invitation to come back to the second world-class master.　　It's been 70 years since he studied at Tsinghua University in the last century of 30. April 8, "China Economic weekly" reporter in Tsinghua University Zhou Peiyuan Applied Mathematics Research Center of the Professor Lin Qiao's office in an interview.　　Lin said that China's top priority is to improve the overall research level according to the needs of the country, China needs a number of first-class universities.　　Tsinghua University: The school is small, famous teacher of many Lins July 7, 1916 was born in Beijing, Fujian province Fuzhou.　　In 1933, he was the first school in the school, the physics department of Tsinghua University, at that time, Tsinghua is only a hundreds of meters radius of the small school, but here is a large number of scholars from overseas study, including the famous physicist Yepensun, Wu Youxun and mathematician Zhou Peiyuan and other people.　　Later, the the 1930s Tsinghua University Physics department, known as the "golden Decade."　　Including "Two bombs" fathers, from the first undergraduate in 1929 to 1938, Tsinghua Physics Department of 69 undergraduate students, 1 graduate students, 21 people later became academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 people become the American Academy of Sciences (Lin Jia Qiao), 1 people become academician of the American Academy of Engineering. The Tsinghua University was a much smaller company than it is now: "When I was a student in Tsinghua University, at that time, Tsinghua is much smaller than the current scale, the old Tsinghua this area, is in the second gate, the main hall in front of the grass, is Tsinghua's major grassland, from this part can be seen at the time of Tsinghua how big. At that time, Tsinghua students are very strict, our physics department a grade of only 10 people, it is a relatively large school department. "At that time, several professors of Tsinghua University are very good classes, and the physics department is still in the new, just from good foreign universities to get a PhD in the young people are very energetic, bring the science is very cutting-edge." For example, I remember Yepensun, third grade to teach US statistical mechanics, he class, the first class is very in-depth, related issues are very clear. And then we'll talk about the details. Now there is little such foresight. "In the physics department of Tsinghua University, the most profound influence on the Lins is the one that was later called the originator of Chinese applied mathematics," Mr. Zhou Peiyuan. At that time, Zhou Peiyuan abandoned the long study of general relativity, focused on the application of mathematics to aviation, the Chinese systemBuild your own plane. "1937 Japanese hit China, so everyone thinks China is a disadvantage, because the plane is not, all physicists say patriotic, should learn aviation."　　”？ 1937, Lin Jia Qiao graduated from Tsinghua University Physics department, and then left school as a teaching assistant.　　In the same year, "77 incident" broke out, he followed the teachers and students of Tsinghua University moved to Changsha, six months later moved to Kunming.　　Southwest General Assembly: Fortunately, a "joint" character February 1938, Lin Jia Qiao reached the southwest General Assembly of Kunming. Lin Jia Qiao to Southwest General Assembly Word: Fortunately a "lian" word.　　"The best universities in China are all gathered there, and the famous professors are all together," he said. Under extremely difficult conditions, the Southwest General Assembly has trained a large number of outstanding talents.　　Many of the top scientists who later renowned, including the Nobel Prize-winning Chinese scientist Yang Ning Yang. Lin Jia Qiao thinks this is not accidental. "In the Southwest General Assembly, (students) to accumulate basic knowledge, without this basic knowledge, it is impossible to get the Nobel Prize."　　Just like planting a tree, it grows slowly, which part of the problem, it does not succeed. 1939, Lin Jia Qiao and Guo Yonghui, WeiChang and so on a total of 21 people in the same period to obtain the boxer indemnity stay English Park. Due to the outbreak of the Second World War, Shipping interrupted, after many efforts, including Mr. Zhou Peiyuan's help, until 1940, Lin Qiao and other talent to the University of Toronto, Canada. Lin Jia Qiao received a master's degree from University of Toronto in 1941.　　Then went to the United States to study at Caltech. At Caltech, Lin Qiao met his doctoral mentor, the father of the world's missiles.　　Carmen, the master scholar, brought the young man to the forefront of applied mathematics research. "California Institute of Technology (California Polytechnic University), I remember the place where my teacher Zhou Peiyuan a ph. D. degree. "The Lins said," Feng? Carmen, he is very interested in China, he is willing to help China's development. "Division from the Karman, Lin Qiao mainly has two aspects of the harvest:" First, he gave me general guidance; second, he gave me a good paper title.　　"The title of this paper is the famous paper on the stability and turbulence of fluid flow," said Heisenberg, the famous theoretical physicist and the founder of Quantum mechanics, which has aroused widespread controversy in American academia. "Heisenberg became famous when he was more than 20 years old, and he represented the direction of new physics." So I went to do one of his thesis topics, is definitely the forefront. "Lin Jia Qiao in the doctoral thesis skillfully applied the appropriate mathematical transformation, clarified and rigorous the Heisenberg calculation, given the academic recognition of the turbulent phenomenon of interpretation. "Heisenberg's title, he didn't make it out, I made it out. "In 1945, when Dr. Lins graduated, he wrote three doctoral dissertations on Heisenberg, which were later published in the American Journal of Applied Mathematics." Because it proved that a master of science could not solve the problem, at that time onlyThe 29-Year-old Lin has been famous in academia. Back to Tsinghua: My job is to raise the level of research in the Karman Laboratory of the University of California, where the talent is high, the Chinese are very prominent. The proof of the Heisenberg controversy has given him an opportunity to engage with two scientific masters, one of which was later called the von Neumann of the mathematical wizards and the father of the computer, and the other was Heisenberg himself.　　Of course, it was time to meet Heisenberg at MIT. When Lin Jia Qiao obtains the degree, Karman invites von Neumann, they go to a Chinese restaurant to eat together, introduces von Neumann to him. "Someone asked me what it was like to get in touch with the master, and I said it was issues (the question)--the question that you were thinking about. He is interested in the problem, you go to the discussion, he certainly would like to talk with you. After graduating from the doctor, Lins went to Brown University and went to MIT after 1.5. 1953 was named MIT professor, 1966 as a college professor.　　At MIT's top-class institution, the top 100 professors in the school are not more than 10 people who can be promoted from professors to college professors. Since 1962, Lin Jia has become a fellow of the National Academy of Sciences.　　He has served as chairman of the Applied Mathematics Committee of the American Mathematical Society, Chairman of the Association of Industrial and Applied mathematics and other academic positions. 2002, the Lins back to the alma mater Tsinghua University. In order to promote the study of applied Mathematics in Tsinghua University, Lin Jia-Qiao presided over the establishment of Zhou Peiyuan Applied Mathematics Research Center.　　To mentor Zhou Peiyuan name, showing the lins of the dead mentor Miss. At the outset, Lin was invited to return to Tsinghua University, is the president of Tsinghua University Wang Dazhong. Lin's upturned to touch his choice to return to the words of the words remember: "I remember, he had to talk to me, Tsinghua want to invite us to come back to help Tsinghua to the world's first-class university." "The Zhou Peiyuan Applied Mathematics Research Center now has four formal researchers. Why are the numbers so small? Lins think "Less" is a matter of course, "the level of high, people can not be more, we use the Word center, is to express small meaning."