One document Lock water conservancy reform to solve the problem of water Conservancy investment mechanism

The central "one document", which has been in agriculture for eight consecutive years, is why this year's focus on water conservancy reform "financial" reporter Ong Shiyo the beginning of the new year, the outside world widely concerned about the central "one document" will emerge, this year's theme will be Water conservancy. "Caijing" reporter learned that a "CPC Central Committee of the State Council on speeding up Water conservancy reform and Development decision" (2011) 1th, known as central "a document") will be officially released in late January, close to the decision drafting and discussion of the source, the issue was issued at the end of 2010, the important document,　　has been gradually distributed to all parts of the county regiment level. The 16-page document, which focuses on the Water conservancy reform discussed in the Central Economic Work Conference, proposes to reverse the lag of water conservancy construction through five to ten years, and gives the concrete "road map" for water Conservancy reform.　　In the next five years, the state will implement an investment plan of about 2 trillion yuan, of which the central investment is about 1 trillion yuan. A group of experts involved in the drafting of the document, after a round of food production, 2004 central "document" refocused "three agriculture".　　Overall, over the years the central "one document" content in the same vein, but the annual document theme of the specific choice is very fastidious, both long-term, and will consider the present. According to the introduction, in 2011, "one document" theme selection, the document drafting group has held several meetings to discuss the final decision of the central high-level, finalized for Water Conservancy reform.　　This choice is based on a number of practical issues, the process of drafting the document, we formed a consensus that four "still" and three "more and more" to describe the urgency of advancing Water conservancy. In the future, the country will be multi-channel financing "water", in particular the irrigation works will set off a new round of investment fever.　　Analysis of the investment community, the greatest benefit in the 2011 is undoubtedly the water sector in agriculture, Water Conservancy project contracting companies and building materials production enterprises, water pipe, hydroelectric power equipment manufacturers, such as hydropower operators, such as listed companies will be closely watched. However, the industry is also concerned that, as the construction projects are mostly implemented by the county level government, if the local financial resources are generally tight, it is not optimistic that the construction task can be completed on schedule.　　Reporters contacted the two sectors of the official proposal, "input to the central, provincial finance mainly to reduce the county and city supporting the pressure, while innovative financing channels, to seek input long-term mechanism."　　The heavy arrears of water conservancy is the lifeblood of agriculture, less water is drought, more water is a disaster, how much water suitable for agricultural development, water conservancy facilities need to play a regulatory role. It is understood that since last winter, Shandong, Henan, Hebei and other northern nine provinces and cities precipitation continued to be less, the drought developed rapidly, winter wheat shortage of water serious, drinking water difficulties outstanding. Among them, Shandong has 59.73 million acres of farmland drought, wheat production accounted for One-fourth of the national "China granary" Henan drought area of 15.86 million MU.　　The southern provinces were flooded. In addition to the abnormal weather, another important reason is the ruralThe serious shortage, backwardness or disrepair of the water conservancy facilities cause the light rain and the small drought to become catastrophe.　　The harsh reality has led to a consensus: water conservancy construction, especially small and medium-sized water conservancy projects and supporting farmland Irrigation network project lag, is the impact of agricultural stability and national food security, "the biggest mishap."　　Jiang Changyun, director of the National Development and Reform Commission industry Research Institute, said that after the reform and opening up, especially after the agricultural tax reforms, few local rural water conservancy facilities, many places "one thing one discussion" also cannot be discussed, many local rural water conservancy facilities in fact have been eating the last century 670 's.　　After the founding of New China, the state has launched the masses of mountains, water, fields, forests, roads comprehensive management infrastructure, this stage of farmland for the National Water Conservancy benefit for decades. In the 890 's, due to the decrease of farmers ' grain benefit, the enthusiasm for the construction of irrigation project was not high.　　At the same time, after the family contract, the village collective economy declines, and some labor force chooses farmland to go out to work, the village collectivity has no financial resources and has no manpower to enter the farmland 2004, in order to reduce the burden on farmers, the central government abolished the farmers to participate in the construction of Water Conservancy "two workers" (voluntary and the cumulative labor) system, resulting in the number of investment workers in the water conservancy projects decreased, which led to a setback in rural water conservancy.　　Although the central government also has measures, such as supporting the "Five Small Water conservancy" (small cistern, small pool, small dam, small pumping station, small canal) project construction, but more is the palliative policy. In Henan Hua Town East Zhuang, "Caijing" reporter noted that more than 1000 acres of land, an average of 45 acres to have only one eye wells.　　The basic water facilities that were built in the last century, because the groundwater level has fallen, are basically scrapped or partially scrapped, and locals fret about water every year. Insufficient input is the main cause of this phenomenon.　　According to the second National agricultural census data, more than 70% of the country's villages do not have any water conservancy construction investment, and the number of villages that can obtain state investment accounts for only 9.56%. This is probably the case in other counties and cities across the country. Water Conservancy construction has mainly relied on farmers to invest in labor, self-financing, and then the central and provincial finance began to invest, but the investment scale is small.　　"Eleven-Five" Two years ago, the Central Water Conservancy infrastructure investment is only 32.7 billion yuan per year, in the total plate is not large, the central water investment is inclined to the great river governance, irrigation and drainage construction is still too much debt, facilities weak. In 2008, the Government introduced the policy of expanding domestic demand, and the investment scale of Central Water conservancy construction began to rise sharply.　　According to statistics, "Eleven-Five" after three years, an annual investment of 76 billion yuan, an annual growth of 43.3 billion yuan, 2010 investment scale reached 98.7 billion yuan. It is reported that, as a result of a long period of insufficient investment in farmland, "three low" problem is more prominent.　　"Three high" refers to the high total amount of water used in agriculture, high loss of flood and drought disaster, high rate of disrepair of farmland irrigation facilities, and "three low" refers to low effective irrigation area, low irrigation guarantee rate and low utilization coefficient of irrigation water. "Poor foundation of Water Conservancy and disaster mitigation capacity is stillThe main factors that guarantee national food security. At a meeting of the Ministry of Water Resources, Minister Lei stressed. Lei, 57 years old, has been working since 1971 on Water Conservancy.　　Since his tenure as Minister of Water Resources in 2007, he has faced enormous pressure on hydraulic reform. In the past two years, the relevant water conservancy facilities investigation, rehabilitation and reconstruction projects were carried out under the leadership of the Ministry of Resources.　　In particular, last year's survey and reform programme preparation, eventually in the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and other ministries to form a consensus, the reform programme to obtain the central decision-making level recognized by the Central Economic Work conference to discuss issues and obtain the principle of adoption, so the central "document" in 2011 turned to irrigation　　"The New Deal" "one document" content has not yet been announced, but the central "water" concept has been transmitted from the recent two meetings of the Ministry of resources: December 24, 2010 National hydraulic Work Conference and January 20, 2011 National Water Conservancy Planning work conference. At the meeting of December 24 last year, Lei made it clear: "Twelve-Five" is the key period to strengthen the construction of key weak links in China's water Conservancy, accelerate the development of people's Livelihood Water Conservancy, it is a critical period to deepen water conservancy reform and strengthen water conservancy management, and it is also an important period to advance traditional　　Therefore, the Ministry of Water Resources will focus on improving the comprehensive system of flood control and disaster reduction, improving the safety and security of rural water supply, improving the infrastructure, improving the utilization efficiency and benefit, strengthening water resource protection and water environment construction. The specific concept involved "five security", that is, around food security, daxing irrigation and Water Conservancy, perfect farmland irrigation and drainage system, around flood control safety, river control and reservoir risk reinforcement; around water supply safety, promote water resources allocation project construction; Around drinking water safety, to promote the construction of water safety project in rural areas;　　Implementation of the most stringent water resources management.　　Lei said January 20 this year, water investment arrangements in 2011, priority should be given to ensure rural drinking water security, small reservoirs to strengthen the risk, small and medium-sized River management and flood disaster control and other investment needs, to the construction of key weak points in water conservancy and the central and western region tilt. It is reported that the Ministry of Water and the Ministry of Finance in 2010 launched 400 small key county construction, this year the project will be expanded to 850 counties.　　According to the Ministry of Water resources calculations, excluding local supporting funds, in three to four years time, the central government will be the average cumulative investment of 30 million-40 million yuan.　　In the opinion of the two sectors of the government, the "water control" new deal to be included in the "one document", the political significance is more prominent, which means that "flood" is not only a hydraulic system, but related to agricultural prospects and national security. Late last year, Chen, deputy head of the central rural Work leadership group and Deputy director of the Central financial and economic leadership office, said at the annual meeting of the Finance and Economics conference that agricultural Water Conservancy in 2011 could play a 42-ton effect. "Our country big River receives more attention, later should pay more attention to small and medium-sized rivers, reservoirs, irrigation and water conservancy facilities."　　"Chen said. According to the informedPeople, another highlight of the document is aimed at people with less water, uneven distribution of water resources, the implementation of the most stringent water resources management.　　The specific approach is to delimit water resources development and utilization control, water efficiency control and water function area limit three "red line". In fact, from 2010 onwards, Shandong, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and other seven provinces (cities) have been pilot, to explore the "red line" of different indicators system.　　It is understood that in the future at the national level, three "red line" will have the following constraint indicators: By 2020, the national total annual water consumption control within 670 billion cubic meters; the effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation increased to more than 0.55; million gross domestic product and million industrial added value of the increase in consumption is significantly reduced　　According to the introduction, and 1.8 billion acres of arable land "red line", Water Conservancy "red Line" will also be included in the assessment system of local officials, the Water Conservancy department hope that the three "red line" can really "hung up" "hard up." It is understood that the Ministry of Water is starting to break down the total consumption index, which means that provinces, cities and counties have a clear water limit, once the limit, will be suspended approval of the construction project to add water intake.　　Groundwater is also included in the strict control of the scope, the document will be approved and announced as soon as possible cut-off and limit mining scope, and gradually reduce the amount of groundwater, to achieve recovery balance.　　However, some agricultural experts worry that difficult to operate, difficult to assess, not easy to monitor, will become the most important obstacle to the smooth implementation of the system.　　Investment books in the industry's view, the "one document" the biggest bright spot is to solve the problem of water conservancy investment stable growth mechanism. People familiar with the situation, 2011 version of the Central "one document" in The Water Conservancy investment has two important "quantitative indicators." First, Water Conservancy will be the focus of public finance investment, and strive for the next 10 years the average annual investment in water Conservancy is one times higher than 2010.　　2010, the Central Water Conservancy investment 98.7 billion yuan, the whole society Water Conservancy investment about 200 billion yuan, this means that since 2011, the annual Water conservancy investment total scale will reach 400 billion yuan. According to the Ministry of Water calculation, "Twelve-Five" during the total investment plate will reach 2 trillion yuan, of which the central investment accounted for half, about 1 trillion yuan, evenly spread to every year, about 200 billion yuan.　　This means that 400 billion yuan a year of social water investment, half of which from the central investment, the rest of the local government investment and social investment. Another striking "quantitative indicator" is for water Conservancy. People familiar with the situation said that the local government will withdraw 10% of the land transfer proceeds for the construction of Water Conservancy.　　In accordance with the 2010 national 2.7 trillion yuan land transfer gold calculation, the government's investment in the construction of Water Conservancy will reach 270 billion yuan, unprecedented intensity. However, the completion of this huge investment scheme also faces considerable difficulty and pressure.　　In accordance with the spirit of the National Water Conservancy Construction Television conference meeting held in November 2010, the total investment of Water Conservancy construction in 2011 strives for more than 170 billion yuan, which has a big gap with 270 billion yuan. Investment in Water Conservancy has always been difficult to raiseTitle, "A document" also gives directions. In public finance, it puts forward that water conservancy is the key field of public financial investment, and the total amount and increase of water conservancy investment at all levels should be improved obviously, and the proportion of Water Conservancy construction fund in state fixed assets investment will be further improved.　　To prolong the levy period of Water Conservancy construction Fund and enlarge the standard and scope of the levy. In the financial support, the proposed conditional region will take the financial interest to guide the water resources, encourage the national development banks, Agricultural bank, rural credit cooperatives, postal Savings Bank and other financial institutions to increase the funds for the construction of farmland.　　At the same time, it supports the listed and issuing bonds of water Conservancy enterprises and explores the financing leasing business of large-scale water equipment facilities. In attracting social funds, "one document" to encourage financing through the local financing platform to broaden funding sources, to increase the "one thing and one discussion" financial award to complement the efforts to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers irrigation water Conservancy.　　At the same time, improve the rural water and electricity value-added tax policy, improve the farmland occupation tax policy, and steadily promote the operation of water conservancy projects for market financing. In Jiang Changyun's view, the main body of investment should rely mainly on central and provincial finance, but can introduce policies to encourage professional cooperatives, leading enterprises combined with production base construction, increase investment.　　In particular, he stressed the commitment of the food kingpin, to this end, it is proposed to divide the grain main selling area into several grades, from low to high to establish the proportion of the revenue increment of the main selling provinces in the next year, and make use of these funds to set up special funds to support the infrastructure construction of the main grain producing areas. A person familiar with policy development said that the ministries involved in Water Conservancy investment, such as Water conservancy, reform, finance, land and other ministries, the specific implementation of investment plans need to be coordinated among many ministries.　　In the distribution of land transfer income, the local government often has some problems such as unclear number, unknown whereabouts and so on, which is difficult to determine. January 21, in the National Water Conservancy Planning Conference, Lei in the 2011 investment plan, said, to increase communication and coordination, for the Central Water Conservancy Investment Plan "early implementation, early release, early in place."　　At the same time, he told local water conservancy planning officials that every effort should be made to implement local water conservancy investment, to obtain local financial funds and the central transfer of local government bonds more for water conservancy construction. This newspaper reporter Gio Jian also contributed to this article