Open Big Data drives American medical revolution

Recently, the United States Food and Drug Administration gradually to the social open medical and health data news aroused great concern. June 2 local time, the FDA's public Data Open Project OPENFDA (open.fda.gov) officially online. Its pilot project opened the data on "3 million adverse drug reaction reports". The data were submitted to FDA in 2004-2013 for adverse drug reactions and medical negligence records. These data are available but difficult to apply before the OPENFDA project. OPENFDA provides open application interfaces (APIs), raw data downloads, technical documents and application instances, and even a developer community for important public data sets.

The background to the U.S. publication of Big Health and health data is the "Big Data national strategy" put forward by President Obama. Large data, as the name implies is the aggregation of massive data, 2009 began in the Internet Information technology industry in the popular. The real charm of large data is not the amount of data, richness, mainly through the integration and sharing of data to explore the value of it, to help national governments, enterprises, consumers make more informed decision-making, avoid detours, avoid paying more costs.

Big Data brings huge wealth to American medicine

In the Futurist's eyes, the big data is "the third wave of the CLS movement", now the big data has indeed begun to play a role. The United States, a country that has always been at the forefront of the world, announced on March 22, 2012 that it would invest 200 million of billions of dollars in the development of big data-related industries and to increase the "Big Data Strategy" to national strategies. The Obama administration has defined big data as "the new oil of the future". It is well known that oil, an important source of energy, plays an important role in many industries in a country, and Mr Obama's definition shows how much it attaches to big data, so it is not surprising that the United States publishes health-care data that makes it useful.

The application of large data processing in medical industry includes many directions, such as clinical operation Comparative effect research, clinical decision support system, medical data transparency, remote patient monitoring, advanced analysis of patient file, automatic system of pricing, health economics and curative effect research, predictive modeling in research and development, improvement of clinical trial design , clinical trial data analysis, individualized treatment, disease pattern analysis, new business model summary patient clinical record and medical insurance data set, network platform and community.

For example, comparative effects studies with large data participation can improve the efficiency of medical staff, reduce the cost of patients and physical damage. This is mainly on the basis of comprehensive analysis of patient characteristics data and curative effect data, compare the effectiveness of various interventions, find the best treatment for specific patients. At present, NICE (National Institute of Health and Clinical technology optimization), Germany IQWiG (quality and efficiency of health Care Research Institute), the Canadian general drug inspection agencies have begun this project and achieved initial success.

Remote patient monitoring with large data participation can reduce patient hospitalization time and achieve optimal allocation of medical resources. The data show that hundreds of millions of people with chronic illnesses such as diabetes in the United States account for 80% of the medical costs of the entire health care system. If the use of remote patient monitoring system to achieve prevention, not only can reduce the risk of patients with accidents, but also save medical resources, while creating social and economic value.

And the prediction model of large data participation is more obvious to the enterprise research and development new product, the main performance is to save the research and development cost and obtain the economic benefit two aspects. On the one hand, pharmaceutical companies in the new drug research and development phase, through data modeling and analysis, to determine the optimal efficiency of the input-output ratio, and thus equipped with the best resource combination, can undoubtedly save research and development expenses; On the other hand, the general new drugs from research and development to market time is generally 13 It is very important for enterprises to seize the market opportunity.

In summary, the use of large data can help the medical profession to improve productivity, improve nursing standards, enhance competitiveness, accelerate growth and innovation. If the large data can be fully utilized, the clinical operation phase of health spending in the United States will be reduced by 16.5 billion dollars a year; payment phase the United States will have the potential to create a value of 50 billion dollars a year; in the research and development phase, the United States will create a value of 100 billion dollars a year. In this way, the huge economic benefits of the United States to open large data information important consideration.

Because only the public data, enterprises can obtain data, can have follow-up processing and integration. The government has an advantage in getting big data, so it becomes the main body to publish large data. In fact, the positive impact of health data disclosure is far more than just the medical system, but also the development of related industries, the most direct is the data analysis industry. The cost savings, efficiency and development of innovative enterprises that large data brings to many industries are consistent with the new global trend of sustainability and play an important role in the future competitiveness and economic status of a country.

China needs to overcome technical and psychological barriers

The positive effects of big data in the United States also apply in China. China is currently in the critical period of medical reform, but also face many problems, if the full use of large data analysis will have a significant effect. At present, the core problems existing in the domestic medical profession include the difficulty of seeing a doctor, the high cost of a doctor, the poor service, and when there is no cure, or the effect of treatment and the expected deviation of patients, there is often a conflict between doctors and patients, and even "medical alarm".

There are many problems in domestic medical industry, but the application of large data in medical industry can solve some problems. such as clinical operation of comparative effect research, can effectively alleviate "cure" this difficult problem, mainly through the patient personalized research, reduce misdiagnosis probability, and quickly and well to help patients relieve pain, such as remote patient monitoring can save medical resources, effectively alleviate the difficult problem of doctor. These are the people's deep expectations, but also the important goal of health reform.

However, China is facing two difficult issues in publishing big data: One is that the medical industry has not yet completed the construction of information, the premise has not been completed, it is premature to announce. The development of medical informatization in our country began in 2003, and the development of regional information platform, the core of electronic files and the development of telemedicine were all started. However, due to the technology, standards and information security factors, the system interconnection is difficult to contribute.

The second is the "psychological barrier" of government departments and hospitals. If the United States led the release of 3 million of adverse reactions and medical negligence records, and such records are the domestic government and hospitals because of reputation, performance, future and other factors are hidden, openly can not be. As everyone knows, the medical negligence record for the hospital should be positive, is the hospital should face up, reflection and should not be obscured. The secrecy of medical negligence records has some relation with the hospital's strong position in the whole doctor-patient relationship.

More countries around the world have already implemented big data strategies and have already been effective, with the EU's public administration creating € 250 billion, and manufacturing in the United States will reduce the cost of product development and assembly by 50%. This series of results is in line with the current trend of the Chinese government to reduce government expenditure and increase product innovation ratio. At present, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Chinese Academy of Sciences has launched a "basic research data Services Platform Application demonstration project", more academicians actively propose large data national strategies, and believe that large data will become one of China's important national strategies in the future, and will also create good backgrounds and conditions for the establishment and disclosure of large medical data.

The writer is a renowned economist, financial critic and director of CIC consultancy

(Responsible editor: Mengyishan)