Public entrepreneurship: Creating Social value in salvation

An earthquake disaster, in addition to the traditional Red Cross and other charitable organizations, a variety of public welfare social organizations are also active in the organization of fund-raising, voluntary services and other relief work. But, in addition to these, do they have the ability to help the victims to restore production or entrepreneurial self-help? This is an important topic: China's public welfare social organizations, how to develop, improve, to cope with the increasingly shaped civil society? Recently, Zhejiang University held "International Business Innovation Forum", one of the themes, is to explore how to promote "social entrepreneurship" (Public welfare Entrepreneurship) in China. In fact, social entrepreneurship is a world-wide hot topic. Enterprises committed to social entrepreneurship, not only can their own profits, but also strive to create social value, so that more vulnerable groups and poor people as a result of the help of enterprises out of poverty. As Ingribale, a senior career counselor at the University of Leeds in Britain, says, many students do not choose social careers because they believe that entrepreneurship is creating wealth and denying those entrepreneurial activities that are "not just for profit". Therefore, we need to join the social entrepreneurial spirit in higher education. Public welfare Entrepreneurship: The plight of the grassroots Xu Wenxiang, is now a well-known group of migrant workers in Hangzhou, "grassroots Big Brother". In 2006, he founded the "Grassroots Home" website dedicated to improving the quality of migrant workers and safeguarding the rights and interests of migrant workers, and after that, he won the support of Hangzhou Youth League, trade unions and civilized offices, and successfully held the first "grassroots culture festival" before the Spring Festival in 2007. But looking back on Xu Wenxiang's entrepreneurial process, clearly visible public welfare entrepreneurial ignorant. Xu Wenxiang is a peasant worker, the founder of the website, is to realize their own migrant workers in social communication and quality promotion of the will. However, after the site was run, Xu Wenxiang found that the plight of migrant workers in real life, far more than the urgency of communication. What seemed important to him might be global and holistic, and the problems were abstract and weak compared to the specific difficulties of every migrant worker. Because, he found, in migrant workers concerned about the issue, how to make money is always ranked first. By the middle of the 2007, Xu Wenxiang began preparing a "grassroots venture fund" to try to improve the overall situation of migrant workers with economic help. In fact, the plan until now is still in execution, one of the projects is to support a pair of laid-off older couples set up "grassroots home" hotel, with the factory migrant workers to launch high-quality Low-cost fast food. But beyond that, Xu Wenxiang has yet to find more valuable projects and avenues. Xu Wenxiang feel that if the site itself has a profit, you can do more public welfare things. But soon a friend suggested that if the site itself become a for-profit enterprise, whether it can also be called public welfare social organizations, is not to pay taxes? The language reminds the dream person, Xu Wenxiang oneself also thinks, once the goal puts in the profit, the shareholder benefit will overwhelm the public welfare goal, again said oneself carries on is the commonweal activity, whether has the name name not to be able to say is not smooth? Last July, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences sponsored theThe Third International Forum on Social Policy and series lectures "forum, Xu Wenxiang listened to the top experts in China and local associations about how civil organizations and the Government to communicate good communication, which made him an eye-opener." After that, Xu Wenxiang accepted an invitation from a public welfare agency to receive training in internal management in Beijing. Xu Wenxiang This understanding of the characteristics of social organizations, as well as the boundaries of activities. More importantly, Xu Wenxiang knows how to communicate and coordinate with government departments, accept the unity and coordination of government departments, exert the advantages of civil organizations and build a harmonious society. After the Wenchuan earthquake, Xu Wenxiang also organized donations through the website. He is now concerned that those who work outside the migrant workers, even the home is gone, how to live in the future, where the fate? "If we can launch some lucrative projects to help homeless migrant workers start their own businesses, they will be in a much better position." Unfortunately, we do not have the capacity to do so. "Xu Wenxiang said. Xu Wenxiang's situation is not special. The situation is not as good as people think, even in colleges where public welfare associations are better developed. Zhejiang University Kezhen College "innovation and entrepreneurial management intensive class", is the Zhejiang University Kezhen College and the School of Management jointly created by the characteristics of the nature of the experimental class. May 16, 17th, they launched a fund-raising campaign for the earthquake-stricken areas, the main collection of books, and then a bazaar, the proceeds will be donated to the Red Cross of Zhejiang province. However, these elites are still helpless in the face of many problems in their classmates ' home. For them, the non-administrative organs, non-business management of the "Public Welfare Entrepreneurship" project, is still an unknown area. [Next] making money to feed the public: the experience of poor banks the poor bank, founded by Yunus, is a typical case of commonweal entrepreneurship. "Poor bank" is not only a public welfare project, but also a commercial organization that accords with economic principles. Even, its management mode is mainly commercial, and the goal is commonweal. In his autobiography, Yunus said: "We use charity to avoid understanding the problem (poverty alleviation) and find a solution for it." Philanthropy is not a solution to poverty, but it is the first to perpetuate poverty by taking action away from the poor. Charity allows us to continue our own lives without worrying about the lives of the poor. Charity calms our conscience. "At the end of the spectrum, charitable donations, despite their original intentions, are still largely an expression of superiority and compassion among the elite and the wealthy." These charitable acts have found a convenient way for the elite and the rich to release their moral pressure when they do not see the plight of the poor at all. In fact, this is still a "bird's-eye view" of the poor. And all the modes of operation of poor banks are based on a deep understanding of the lives and psychology of the poor, rather than wishful thinking or condescending assumptions. He believed: "The poor are very creative." They know how to survive and how to change their lives. All they need is a chance, and the loan isThat opportunity. "Therefore, Yunus's anti-poverty program is simple: Provide the poor with the right loans, teach them several effective financial principles, and then they can help themselves." The basic idea is that if the poor are given loans, they can achieve productive self-employment with the help of the outside world, thus achieving a virtuous circle of "low-income-loan-investment-increase income-more investment-more income". Poor banks make it clear that only people with no or no property are eligible to become their clients. So far, 96% of the borrowers in rural banks are poor women, and they are even issuing microcredit to beggars. For example, the bank's "aiding The Beggar Project", the beggar who joined the project must first borrow 143 dollars from the bank to buy a mobile phone, and the interest-free part of the repayment time is more than two years. In addition, 2 dollars a month to pay the service charge, the bank charged the rate is 10%. Banks are not asking beggars to stop begging immediately, but to encourage them to ask for money, and they can try asking if they need a phone call in order to pay for a loan and a self-sustaining life. The idea transformed the beggar's simple begging identity into a service provider. This not only changed the social status of many beggars, and these "mobile phone services" also facilitate the communication of passers-by, social welfare has been widely improved. Poor banks also have a daily repayment plan, cutting large sums of repayment into small chunks, giving the poor a proper repayment capacity. In this way, the poor avoid the pressure of one-off repayment, which keeps the repayment rate of the poor at a high level, guaranteeing the normal profitability and operation of the poor banks. In fact, the poor bank from the beginning of the 27 dollars, developed to have Sambadovan borrowers, annual loans of 500 million U.S. dollars are supported by their own resources, from lenders and non-borrowers of savings, repayment rate of 99%, and the bank to maintain continued profitability. Public entrepreneurship Education: How to carry out abroad Mr Yunus believes that economists can recognise the strong socio-economic energy of lending, and they may also recognise that lending should indeed be promoted as a human right. It brings the social entrepreneurship into the research category of economics and gives the economics more human elements. Professor Logen, the American tutor of Professor Yunus, also introduced a refreshing and distinct sociological dimension in his teaching. Yunus believes: "Without the human side, economics is as hard and dry as stone." "Economics must also have a deep and profound humanistic care, and should focus on those poor people and disadvantaged groups who have no status in the textbooks of traditional economics." In foreign universities, before there is no "public entrepreneurship" curriculum, students are mostly through the Student Association of Public Welfare Entrepreneurship or management. But in recent years, foreign universities have begun to try to introduce public-interest entrepreneurship as an effective process of social change to undergraduate and postgraduate students in the Community service field. In fact, the development of public-interest entrepreneurship in Europe and the United States has been nearly 20 years, and in China for this concept has just begun. RightAt the core of this concept, it includes two aspects: first, the non-profit organization uses the creative business operation mode to promote its social value, and the other is to enhance its value by creatively satisfying the social needs. In short, the so-called social entrepreneurship is the social organization (enterprises, non-profit organizations, etc.) in the course of business, the social value and economic value of creative integration process. At this forum, Stephen Anderson, a professor and Ph. D. Project director at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, said that many nonprofit managers have no business experience. While social work majors are thinking about how best to bring about social change, public entrepreneurship is an excellent model. "The challenge in social work, as opposed to teaching public entrepreneurship courses at business schools, is not to raise awareness of social values, but to teach entrepreneurial skills to students who already have a desire to work in social life." "Creative planning and financing strategies are essential to the creation of non-profit institutions, which provide a great deal of social services, and the public entrepreneurship model helps a lot in these areas." "Stephen Anderson said. At home, only Beijing Guanghua Charitable Foundation is committed to the training of public entrepreneurship, through the promotion of the development of the civil society of the strategic management training to improve the management performance of non-governmental organizations, and encourage young people, university students to carry out entrepreneurial activities. Vivienne Tan, president of the Philippine Asian Entrepreneurship Institute, believes that social enterprises are both profitable and socially valuable. The Philippines remains a developing country with many slums, and social enterprises are an effective way to combat poverty. The Asian Entrepreneurship Institute she founded is dedicated to supporting people who start their businesses through microfinance, who are often urban poor, who can get government money to start a business, but how to use the money is a problem, and the college provides lectures, training, etc. In the past few years, Stephen Anderson said, public-sector entrepreneurship has grown rapidly, but it is probably confined to business schools – the intention of the business school is to motivate students who are trained to enter the business community to devote part of their energies to the public service. In comparison, the content of public entrepreneurship education has just appeared in social work curriculum. Yunus is also trying to shape a new entrepreneurial mindset. In his ideal model, all people (including those in abject poverty) have the potential to become entrepreneurs, and entrepreneurs should also have a social conscience, which he calls "activists". Social activists may also have huge profits (even more profitable than entrepreneurs who simply aim to maximize profits), but that is his secondary goal, which he first inspired by a set of societal goals. Yunus believes that by expanding entrepreneurial space for social activists and entrepreneurs, a new world can be created.