The cheap days of migrant workers are ending

You know, in the Spring Festival before and after the Lunar New Year, especially after a period of time, is often the enterprise recruitment and migrant workers return the peak, "one vote difficult", "recruitment difficult" and other issues become the focus of attention. "Labor shortage" in fact refers to the labor market, the supply quantity and demand of migrant workers is seriously disconnected, the quality of migrant workers can not meet the demand, resulting in recruitment units cannot meet the needs of production and operation of the special phenomenon.　　After the financial turmoil, the employment trend of peasant workers has changed markedly. In essence, the emergence of "labor shortage" is an important signal of imbalance between supply and demand of labor force.　　Particularly noteworthy is that the growing "labor shortage" in this year seems to come earlier than in previous years, come fierce, more complex, its manifestation also presents a new characteristics. "Labor shortage" three characteristics of a wide range of spread. "Labor shortage" spread to the geographical scope of further expansion, from the economic development of the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta and other places, "labor shortage" gradually spread to the Midwest, not only the coastal developed areas of recruitment difficult, even over the years of large output of labor in Anhui, Sichuan and other central and Western provinces also joined the "labor shortage" ranks. With the "labor shortage" spread to the geographical scope of expanding, some migrant workers out of the province to find ways to keep migrant workers in local employment entrepreneurship, some local governments and enterprises also issued a number of preferential measures "interception" of migrant workers, willing to go out to work the number of migrant workers declined than in previous years. At the end of 2010, about more than 12 million rural migrant workers went out to work in Anhui Province, of which more than 4 million migrant workers realized employment.　　According to the relevant departments of investigation and Statistics, the province currently lack of workers in more than 50 enterprises have more than 2,300, the total number of workers up to 250,000, of which more than 300 workers have reached 209 households. The second is staged battle. In order to compete for cheap labor, Shanghai's enterprises arranged nearly 400 long-distance bus to Anhui, Henan, Hubei and other places, to the labor output to save the migrant workers to Shanghai to work, and Anhui and other places to retain local migrant workers, persuade or retain them to stay in their hometown nearby work, There was a scramble for migrant workers between Eastern and Midwestern cities. such as Anhui Special issued a further promotion of migrant workers "on the spot near" the employment of advice, to draw up local migrant workers "near the local" employment development plans and plans. While expanding the provincial labor service "docking", Anhui also organized the "Northern Anhui peasant workers and the demonstration area of Wanjiang employment docking" activities, the first batch of 18 provinces in Wanjiang district (city, district) and 18 counties (districts) in northern Anhui Province signed a labor cooperation agreement, effectively promoting the rural labor force in the provincial flow and labor cooperation. Recently, "The migrant workers in the northern Anhui region and the north-Anhui demonstration area of the joint employment of the month" activity restarted, helping to ease the demonstration area of Wanjiang Enterprises "recruitment difficult" problem. After the Spring Festival this year, in order to meet the needs of enterprises in Anhui Province, Anhui launched the "Spring Action", the post to the countryside, sent to migrant workers, and urged to retain migrant workers. Facing multi-level, many forms of service docking activities, is to go out to work or stay in local jobs, some farmersWork hesitant, in far away from home and the nearest job wandering between, which also slowed the migrant workers out of the footsteps after the labor. Third, return to the Midwest. For a long time, the central and western regions of China have been the output of migrant workers, but in recent years, the employment situation of migrant workers has changed, especially last year, the return of migrant workers is evident, but in this year after the Spring festival is particularly prominent, migrant workers to the Midwest has shown a clear trend. This seems to suggest that the Midwest's attractiveness to migrant workers will be greatly enhanced this year. The labor force is with the industry transfer, the industrial transfer is the main reason of the return of labor. The East and Midwest staged a scramble for peasant workers this year, reflecting the accelerating trend of labor-intensive industries moving to the Midwest. With the central and western regions to undertake a large number of transfer of industrial projects, corporate employment demand is significantly increased, it is bound to lead to the transfer of labor from the coast to the Midwest. At present, Anhui and other central and western regions return to entrepreneurial numbers are growing. Last year, Anhui built 253 migrant workers to return to the entrepreneurial park, 22,000 migrant workers to return to business, the establishment of various economic entities or 11,000 enterprises, led nearly 172,000 surplus labor force near the local transfer of employment.　　After the Spring Festival this year, in the face of more and more "backflow" migrant workers return to employment, Anhui have implemented support policies, timely refinement of various service measures to play a good welfare card, so that migrant workers at home at the door shuxin employment entrepreneurship. The cheap times of migrant workers are ending this year's "labor shortage", which is more serious than in previous years, suggesting that the era of cheap migrant workers in China is ending. In particular, the new generation of migrant workers to integrate into the city's aspiration is strong, they hope that in civil rights, employment, wages, children's education, lifestyle, social security and so on, can enjoy the same treatment with urban residents. Therefore, in fact, the current Chinese labor force is no longer an unlimited supply state, "labor shortage" is China's industrialization and urbanization in the process of the objective phenomenon.　　In this regard, we can neither exaggerate, nor ignore the development trend, we must objectively face and grasp the "labor shortage" of the new characteristics of the present, in-depth discussion of the underlying causes. Generally speaking, the rural labor force in our country is still in the supply surplus state, the labor supply does not exist the overall shortage.　　Why is there a shortage of labor in the background of oversupply of labour in China? The author thinks that China's rural labor force transfer is carried out under the background of economic system transition and social transformation, and has its own special historical and institutional background. The phenomenon of "labor shortage" has historical and realistic reasons, which is closely related to the transfer of rural surplus labor and the change of population structure in the process of modernization in China. After the mid 1980s, every year before and after the Spring Festival, to return home and return to the main body of migrant workers large-scale trans-regional flow, in China's southeast coastal developed areas to form a lasting more than 20 years of "tide." However, since the spring of 2004, in Fujian, Guangdong, Zhejiang and other coastal developed areas have appeared to the shortage of migrant workers as a feature of the "labor shortage" phenomenon. The global financial crisis explodedAfter the hair, China's exports sharply shrinking, enterprises to reduce migrant workers, a large number of migrant workers have to return early. Entering the 2010, the world economy has gradually stepped out of the cycle trough.　　With the gradual recovery of China's economy, the number of enterprises in China began to increase, which caused the demand for migrant workers to rise sharply, the phenomenon of labor shortage again appeared. Solutions to the "shortage of labor" of course, to solve the "labor shortage" is the result of a combination of factors. The author thinks--first, raises the wage level and the welfare treatment earnestly, guarantees the peasant laborer to have the legitimate rights and interests. The frequent occurrence of "labor shortage", the essence of which is the low wage treatment. The relevant Labor Department should also be strict to the minimum wage and social security payment of the enterprise, the enterprise should treat the employees well, ensure the lawful rights and interests of the peasant workers are protected.　　Only by really raising the wages and benefits of migrant workers, improving the production and living environment, so that the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers can be guaranteed, so that migrant workers can truly achieve "decent work" in order to solve the problem of "labor shortage". Second, strengthen the rural basic education and peasant workers skills training, and continuously improve the technical quality of workers ' culture. "Labor shortage" is essentially a "shortage of skilled workers."　　The Government, training institutions and enterprises should take positive measures, through the establishment of social re-education mechanism, organize and guide peasant workers to participate in vocational skills training, realize the integration of training and employment, and continuously improve the ideological and moral quality of migrant workers and professional technical level. Third, deepen the reform of household registration system and promote the process of peasant workers ' citizenship. To solve the "labor shortage", we must break the dual structure of urban and rural areas, speed up the process of urbanization, reform the household registration system, speed up the transformation of peasants ' citizenship, and promote the transformation of peasant workers into real industrial workers. To realize the citizenship of migrant workers, not only to ensure that they can enjoy the same benefits as urban citizens, but also to require migrant workers in the city to enjoy the right to vote and to be elected and other political rights.