The industrial layout and sustainable development of China cloud data center

Data center usually refers to the realization of centralized processing, storage, transmission, exchange and management of information in a physical space, while computer equipment, storage equipment, network equipment and so on are the key equipment of data center room. Cloud computing is a distributed computing based on the Internet or private network, in the Virtual network data center, thousands of computers and servers connected to a computer cloud, the formation of a super powerful computing services capabilities. Users through the computer, notebook, mobile phones and other terminal equipment access to the data center, according to their own needs to share this super operation. Data center is the core carrier of cloud computing, the data center of cloud computing era can be collectively called Cloud Data center, or cloud IDC. The Cloud data Center is the main representative form of the next Generation data center in the industry.

From the reality of the development level of social informatization in China, the development of a cloud data center with high resource utilization, low operating cost and flexible business expansion is beneficial to further improve the level of social informatization in China, promote the overall upgrade of IT industry, achieve the overall goal of energy saving and emission reduction, and also help safeguard China's The national level has great significance for the strategic layout, overall planning and scientific development of cloud data center industry.

1 China data Center spatial distribution

With the development of the Internet, with the deepening of the application of E-government, electronic commerce and Enterprise Informatization, as well as the promotion of policy measures such as "two integration", the great industry revitalization planning and the triple net integration, the vigorous demand of key industries such as telecommunications, finance, government, energy and so on has injected vigor into the growth of data center market So in recent years China's data center market has been growing rapidly. Sadie Consultant Survey shows: 2010 China data Center It market size reached 83.9 billion yuan, an increase of 17.8%.

As shown in Figure 1, China's current data center space layout is unreasonable, east, middle and West have not yet formed a complementary industrial pattern. According to the survey results of more than 200 IDC rooms with a certain scale, IDC room is mainly distributed in Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guangdong and other regions.

The existing layout of China's data center has many problems. The first is the problem of security hidden trouble, a major disaster in the coastal central cities and regions will result in significant losses to the country and industry, followed by the lack of advantages in the eastern region of climate, energy and land costs, the high operating costs of the data center, and the significant bottlenecks in the development of cloud data centers in these areas.

Fig. 1 Regional distribution of Internet Data Center in China

At present, along with the cloud computing and the Internet of things and other emerging industries, the development of cloud data centers around the construction of investment overheating. These data centers often do not have a clear target customer base, some are planned by the multinational it giants, not close to the different regions of the economic structure, accurate positioning of the regional Cloud Computing Center's main service model, business model and service object. This can lead to a waste of resources in the development of the cloud data center industry, especially the rapid development of the cloud Data center in the southeast region, which will further aggravate the existing layout imbalance.

The influential factors of optimizing layout of 2 Cloud data center

According to the development requirements of the national information industry and Internet "Twelve-Five" planning, it is urgent for the state to plan and coordinate the development, and to build a green and efficient cloud data center to save energy consumption, improve energy use efficiency (PUE), reduce costs and meet business needs.

China has a wide geographical range, uneven economic development, energy, climate, geology, economic and other aspects of the regional differences are also very large, the optimization of cloud data center layout is very difficult. Generally speaking, power supply, climate, land price, manpower cost, business market, information level, policy environment are all the important factors that influence and restrict the development of cloud data center. Based on the particularity of China's national conditions and cloud data center, this chapter will focus on the influence of four key factors of energy supply, climatic condition, network level and policy environment on optimizing layout of cloud data center.

2.1 Energy Impact factors

According to Gartne forecast, by 2011, more than One-third of the global data center budget will be environmental costs. About 60% of the data center's asset expenditures and 50% of its operating costs are energy-related. While ensuring high performance, minimizing cooling dissipation is what the cloud data center must do to achieve "green", which requires more scientific and reasonable power supply and refrigeration system configuration. Many large data centers around the world are now considering building data centers in areas with special resources to conserve heat, such as rich water resources, cold weather or clean, energy-rich and inexpensive places.

Due to the difference of geographical conditions and unbalanced economic development, the distribution of power resources in China is very uneven. Figure 2 shows the supply and demand of electricity in some parts of China. The Internet business and data center most concentrated in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang and other eastern regions, power resources are very scarce, the need for a large number of outsourcing. Cloud data centers, including ordinary data centers, require secure and reliable uninterrupted power supply guarantees. At present, the eastern region often under the power supply pressure to take the power rationing, the data center of the security of the electricity to bring great threat. In contrast, several provinces in the northwest, power resources are relatively rich, especially in Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Qinghai and other provinces, the highest degree of power wealth. If the Cloud data center focuses on the distribution of power-rich western and northern provinces, it will not only alleviate the power supply pressure in the eastern grid, but also reduce the transmission and distribution losses from the east to west.

Fig. 2 power supply and demand in some parts of China

(Responsible editor: The good of the Legacy)