The new generation peasant workers in the rift

The new generation peasant laborer's industrial Worker's proposal summary: The new generation peasant laborer cannot return to the countryside, also did not integrate into the city this lacks the sense of belonging the huge crowd, therefore, they are in the countryside and the city double marginalization the awkward situation.　　1, take the industrial integration as the means, eliminates the income disparity in the urban and rural dual labor market, enhances the peasant laborer group Labor price.　　2, the implementation of the floating population "integration System" management measures, comprehensive consideration of floating population in urban and local situation to register points, accumulated to achieve a certain amount of points can be applied to enjoy the corresponding level of public services.　　3, vigorously develop the county economy, to absorb the rural population to accelerate the concentration of small towns. With the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council to increase overall urban and rural development efforts, the concept of "new generation peasant workers" was put forward for the first time in the 2010 Central 1th document, which conveys the high attention of the central government to the number of people up to 100 million and the peasant workers.　　The paper requires "to take targeted measures to solve the problem of the new generation of migrant workers", and this issue as a key to promoting urbanization. About 60% of the total number of migrant workers "," and "a" migrant workers, they were born after school, and then went to work in town.　　　　Relatively speaking, they are not very familiar with agriculture, land, peasant and so on, and in the process of going out to work, gradually eager to integrate into urban life, urban society, but the city has not been ready to accept their overall. A "Zhoukou" migrant workers working road due to poor academic performance, home in Henan Province, south of Xu Xuyonghe after graduating from junior high School began to work.　　At the beginning of 1999, the 19-Year-old Xuyonghe through a friend to Beijing, in Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau Xicheng Branch to do a police, the 1980-born "" "the main work is to assist anti-grilled. Just started to work, Xuyonghe feel happy, because this work tube eat control, there is a monthly income of 500 yuan. At work, Xuyonghe had been rewarded for catching thieves, but after a period of time, the young Xuyonghe gradually feel confused. "One is that the purpose of the work is not right, many thieves are repeated when the pickpocket, catch a penalty after the money is put, go back to steal;" The second is to feel that the work is to eat young rice, there is no future, we have not been involved in the previous level. At the end of 1999, Xuyonghe resigned from his job and married his hometown. Although have own home, but this cannot imprison the young people to the city life yearning. "Home four people three mu of two points, can only go out to work for money, and rural life is too monotonous, not like the city so prosperous." "Xuyonghe said," although working outside the bitter point, but still better than home, home chores More, worry about many, farming too tired. Working outside, you can rest after work. After four months of marriage, Xuyonghe decided to go out to work, and this time he chose to go to a technical school to learn sewing techniques. But after paying tuition, only half a month in school training, Xuyonghe and other students were "assigned" to JiangsuThe province Danyang a clothing factory to work. "Because in the technical school did not learn what technology, to the factory people have to retrain, so the wages are very low, but also very tired." Xuyonghe in this clothing factory after six months of work, with the learned technology and a total of more than 400 yuan pay once again came to Beijing. In the seven years since then, Xuyonghe had been sewing workers, installed aluminum doors and windows, cut quartz stones, slept underground passages, construction sites, and saw workers fall to the heights of improper safety precautions, cheated by professional intermediaries, and felt the look of others. At the same time, all kinds of work let Xuyonghe mastered sewing, carpentry, welders, painter and other technology, in his words: "is the life of seeing, finished will." "Xuyonghe that the dust produced by cutting and producing quartz is more damaging to the body, so in 2008 he switched to an exhibition equipment factory." Under the influence of the financial crisis, the labor demand is reduced, the work of Xuyonghe is calculated by working hours, and the work is paid 80 yuan a day.　　Xuyonghe thinks, the present situation this salary also can, more main is "The boss speaks is also polite, did not let me feel too depressed". In fact, the work of the exhibition apparatus factory is still harmful to Xuyonghe's body. "Now our factory dust, formaldehyde concentration is relatively high, I am afraid later will get lung disease." I spent 1.5 yuan to buy a mask to wear, although formaldehyde can not avoid, but the voice of how much better. Xuyonghe said, "Now and then there are auditory hallucinations, want to deep sleep is difficult, always sleep in a daze." Sometimes cough, spit out of the saliva is gray. As a "generation" of young people, Xuyonghe also know that some work will be harmful to the body, and only understand and employment units signed labor contracts can protect the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers, but in the current social situation of migrant workers, they have to engage in high pollution, high risk of work,　　Had to live in a shanty town with a two or three-hour drive from work. Unlike the first generation of migrant workers, the new generation of migrant workers have a stronger sense of rights, they realize that their rights need to maintain their own. Xuyonghe hope through the media to tell coworkers: "In peacetime work to leave some evidence, such as wages, entry card, the best day can remember a work table, so once the labor dispute is resolved, some public welfare agencies also good to intervene." "Before the Spring Festival in 2010, Xuyonghe resigned from the exhibition apparatus factory and worked with several friends to do some green business." "I have been out of work so many years have not signed a labor contract, after a year of working again, at least to sign an agreement, if there is an accident is also good to say." Now a lot of workers are passive, labor supervision Department is also passive, you do not accuse it not to investigate, you go to report and no evidence.　　　　"Xuyonghe said. Double marginalization and Xuyonghe have similar working experience of the new generation of migrant workers a lot, at present they are out of work 150 million migrant workers accounted for 60%, the number of about 100 million. They had no long grip on their tools, and some had not even been able to land; they did not carry the burden of life; they listened to MP4, chatting about mobile phone QQ, accustomed to the city life, it is difficult to return to rely on the land of Labor life. Compared with the first generation of migrant workers, they are highly educated, high professional expectations, material and spiritual requirements, low work tolerance. They are very different in the aspects of education, personality, working purpose, City identity, life style, job expectation and economic connection with rural families, so there are significant differences in the interest petition. Most of them engaged in modern industrial and commercial activities, have certain modern industry skills, can accept the modern social concept and according to modern industrial law to engage in production and life.　　A survey shows that in the new generation of migrant workers, 17% of the migrant workers have technology, 75% of migrant workers have the desire to carry out skills training, only 8% of migrant workers have not considered. Under the current household registration system and social management mode, the new generation of migrant workers still have the status of rural residents, with the urban hukou workers of different remuneration, different rights of work, different benefits of the welfare, unequal to enjoy the city's public services. It is precisely because of their own labor rights and interests are difficult to protect, the new generation of migrant workers are mostly "swing" type of work style, employment is very unstable.　　But even if the work is not secure, "generation", "the" new generations of migrant workers are rarely willing to stay in the countryside, even if not sure, but also aimlessly to the city. The lack of attachment to the land and the recognition of urban life, so that the new generation of migrant workers do not want to return to the farm, out of work is not a temporary move, and become an inevitable life. They even dislike the word "nong" as the industrial worker in the city.　　They are not fully accepted by the city and enjoy the same benefits as the urban people, can not return to the countryside, and not into the city of the lack of a large population of the sense of belonging, so they are in a rural and urban marginalization of the embarrassing situation. Why is it difficult for the new generation of migrant workers to integrate into urban life, why not settle down in cities, and why not become industrial workers in cities?　　In the past, we have emphasized that the barriers to household registration are the crux of the problem, but the problem is not so simple. Although the income of migrant workers has obviously improved in recent years, the individual consumption of each migrant worker is still very limited. In Guangdong Province, a peasant laborer, the average monthly subsistence consumption of rural migrant workers is about 500-800 yuan.　　The consumption of accommodation and daily necessities is nearly 50% of the monthly salary, in which the cost of renting is about 1/5 of the salary, while the have peasant workers rent a house in the city, and the cost is at least 30%-40% of the income of a migrant worker. Under the background of the dual system of urban and rural, the two-yuan labor market in the city has been formed. In this two-dollar labor market, the labor price difference is huge. At the same time, in the labor market composed of peasant workers, the price of labor is almost national unification. Compared with the high cost of living in the city, the wage gap in the two-yuan labor market is an insurmountable threshold for the new generation of migrant workers to integrate into the city.Government, the policy of narrowing the income gap of the two labor market will be the essence of the industrial workers of the new generation peasant workers.