The secret land industry interests chain: The developers take the plane to send money

July 2, 2009, CCTV "News 1+1" column broadcast "The Real estate market," "Official Shadow", the following for the program record. Zhengzhou, the use of housing to build villas, developers background exposure, the official relatives living behind the scenes, what is the reason for the official and the house? What is the interest chain between the official and the house in close contact? How many red-top businessmen are there behind the rent-seeking power?　　"News 1+1" for you to resolve.　　Studio host (Dong Qian): Welcome to "News 1+1". occurred in Henan's housing changes after the economic application of the villa after the incident has been further development, according to the "First financial daily" reporter, after their investigation found that the real estate behind the figure of officials. Then already let the public discontent in the real estate market, why frequent presence of business and business close to such phenomenon?　　What does Mr. Wang think? Wang Xi Zinc (News observer): In fact, close to the businessmen, or the collusion between businessmen and the phenomenon, should be said to be an old problem, but this old problem, always with a variety of new symptoms to touch our nerves, we have a lot of regulations to prohibit this close, so how to put these provisions into practice,　　Now it may be the problem that we really have to face.　　Moderator: Let's take a look at the first financial journal reporter in the recent days of the investigation discovered what new secrets. Commentary: "Are you going to speak for the party or are you going to speak for the people?" "Zhengzhou City Planning Bureau deputy director Shang to reporters said this sentence was exposed, first by netizens as the 2009-year top deputy director, and later was Zhengzhou government stopped work, to be investigated."　　And from this, Zhengzhou West Village housing land was built villas the fact also gradually surfaced.　　However, the matter was not over, and the media quickly captured the shadow of official involvement. Recently, the "First financial daily" reporter survey found that the LU Army incident in the construction of the West Lake autumn rhyme developers, Henan Tian Rong Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholder background is extraordinary, the two major shareholders Ma Xiaoxia and Shi Sufang husband are public servants, shareholders Ma Xiaoxia husband Li Yipeng long-term work in the Zhengzhou Land and Resources Bureau,　　and served as the head of the Land Registry, and the shareholder division Sufang husband Liang Jianmin, Zhengzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau of the Central Plains District Forest police officers. It is reported that the illegal community in the town of water must belong to the Central Plains branch area. In addition, two shareholder division Sufang is Zhengzhou City Construction Commission director's relatives, and Zhengzhou City Construction Commission director for Tian Rong home to provide the office location.　　Whether these are coincidence or officials involved in the illegal construction of the villa evidence, we can not be conclusive, but the officials and officials of the family to seek rent, for developers to pave the way for profiteering is not new. "Industry corruption" knocked down 8 hall-level cadres in Chongqing. Xinhua reported that, since last year, Zhongqing in the field of real estate development "anti-corruption Storm", as of last October, Yuzhong District deputy Director, Yuzhong District Deputy Secretary, deputy mayor of Shapingba District, Chongqing Jiulongpo District, Chongqing Planning Bureau director, Chongqing Land and Housing Authority deputy director of 8 Hall-level cadres.　　According to reports, developers are often on holidays or cadres abroad, because the public travel and other time to send money, in order to win the goodwill of officials, some developers do not hesitate to fly after officials to send money.　　According to the Chongqing inspection authorities, 2006 Spring Festival, the former deputy director of Chongqing Land and Housing Authority Wang bin to travel to Shenzhen, Chongqing, a property developers learned that after a special flight from Shanghai to Shenzhen, and to catch a flight in Wang bin before landing waiting in the airport exit, and Wang Bin, directly sent to the 5000 U.S. dollars. In addition, the former Chongqing Municipal Planning bureau deputy director Liang like to play golf, often to the top of the golf courses around the game. 2006, Chongqing A developer, not only sent to 180,000 yuan, but also sent to the International Golf Club Honorary membership card, let it free consumption.　　Developers so "sensible", officials naturally reciprocate. Zhongqing Original Planning Bureau Director Shong in the name of Mistress Tangwi set up an intermediary company, by Tangwi to contact real estate developers, use Shong hands of power to accept bribes.　　Since 2002, Shong and Tangwi have received bribes amounting to 16.15 million yuan.　　Reporter: There is a real estate project, the planning branch to it set a fine of 200 yuan (per square metre) of such a provision, the violation of the project, and finally your company operation, let it fine 100 yuan (per square meter), passed the planning acceptance.　　Tangwi (formerly the general manager of Chongqing Jia Hui Real Estate Consulting Co., Ltd.): 100 yuan (per square metre) is also within the planning range.　　Shong (formerly director of Chongqing Municipal Planning Bureau): I say hello, they will certainly reduce some fine standard, this certainly is no problem, I do not want to do too much justification.　　Wu Wen's (Vice-president, Presiding judge, second Court of criminal trial, Zhongqing first Intermediate People's Court): This case is a joint acceptance of bribes by state workers and non-state workers through the establishment of companies, both inside and outside collusion.　　Explanation: Reporter in the report pointed out that in this series of cases, the rights and money transactions throughout the whole process of real estate development, land expropriation demolition, transfer, pay land transfer, adjust the nature of the site, planning approval, project location, adjust the volume rate, property registration and so on links are full of collusion.　　A case officer said, the real estate industry chain is how long, the right money trade food chain is how long. And just yesterday, "China Youth Daily" reported that Hubei Macheng officialdom concussion. The paper points out that since March today, Hubei Macheng officials have been investigated, Macheng party secretary, the deputy Director of urban construction, the municipal real Estate bureau director, the city Construction Bureau Director, Deputy director, has been investigation or double regulation, so many guesses are pointing to the local booming real estate industry in recent years.　　Some officials think that may be related to the developers to bribe them, and in the "China Youth Daily" reporter interview, Macheng discipline officials approved the statement. Host: OK, next we will connect "first financial daily" report this matter reporter tremolite, tremolite hello.　　Tremolite ("First financial daily" reporter): hello.　　Moderator: We know this thing by the media after exposure, we would like to know, the local affordable housing, the local economy is the construction of the villa is still in progress, or said has stopped?　　Tremolite: Now in fact still in progress, the night in secretly construction.　　Moderator: What about the day?　　Tremolite: Sometimes it stops during the day, like when the weather is hotter at noon.　　Moderator: This is the phenomenon that occurs after exposure.　　Tremolite: Right, yes.　　Moderator: We read your report, we know one of the developers of the major shareholder, her husband was Zhengzhou land bureau officials, although now retired, then from your survey, is not this project because of this relationship, will be the corresponding so-called care? Tremolite: Yes, that's for sure. This villa project has no planning permission, there is no construction permit, the other is not the approval of the housing license, it is a lot of government approvals do not exist such a project, is still continuing, so this is a serious problem. [Page] Host: All of these phenomena that we see today are your own investigation, which were investigated in your interview?　　Or are there relevant government departments, in the process of investigation, you also participate in, so that the report?　　Tremolite: I investigated it myself.　　Moderator: Because we know that as a journalist in the process of investigation, we would like to know, the extent of your investigation, to how much can maintain its authenticity? Tremolite: The first thing I have to do is get forensics, the evidence is the most persuasive, I guarantee it's true.　　Would you like me to introduce these sources of evidence?　　Moderator: If you can. Tremolite: Two pieces, one is about the business of the enterprise files, trade and industry bureau such a authoritative government department issued by the Industry and commerce files, shareholder information, identity card number, including residential address of these more common information, I took this information, through a certain channel inquires the household registration system, is the public Security Department's household registration Management system,　　And in the household registration of these identity card number, address check correctly, the establishment of such a shareholder background, shareholders have officials such a relationship.　　Moderator: How long are you going to stay there, tremolite?　　Tremolite: I may have to stay a long time.　　Compere: Then you are prepared to investigate what kind of result you are satisfied?　　Tremolite: Yes, my feeling is that the director of a land bureau, Zhengzhou City Land Bureau of a branch-level cadres, he is a ke ji cadres, to do such a large project, I think there should be some deeper background of the officials, I would like to continue to check down. Moderator: OK, tremolite hope you will be well in the future investigation, thank Tremolite。　　Tremolite: Yes, thank you.　　Moderator: Professor Wang we know, just now tremolite introduced, he is a real evidence, hard to find, can prove that the land bureau related officials his wife is one of the real estate developers.　　For example, the wife of the official, his immediate family business, of course, the relevant provisions are not, if he passed his wife's sister, his sister-in-law, sister-in-law to do so, then this officer can not do so?　　Wang Xi Zinc: Well, as for our officials, the Civil Service Act, and other legal provisions, officials are barred from direct business activities. Moderator: This has relevant provisions, we may wish to read, this is the 1984, the State Council of the Central Committee of the CPC to prohibit the party and government cadres to do business, business decisions. One of them said, "Township (including township) more than the active cadres of the party and the party (includes the retired), all shall not be wholly owned or joint ventures, part-time pay, take shares dividends and other ways of doing business, business, and do not allow the use of authority for their families, relatives and friends of the　　"That is to say the family and relatives and friends, of course, the wife of family and friends and relatives, then I ask you, if his wife's sister, is the seven big aunt eight such a can?"　　Wang Xi Zinc: From the current provisions, on the prohibition of relatives to conduct business activities, mainly immediate family and spouses, then if you just said that the situation, the wife's sister sister-in-law to do, in fact, the current situation, the law is difficult to effectively prohibit.　　Moderator: But the 1984 rule has said, for their families and relatives, the next family members do not call the family? Wang Xi Zinc: Yes, actually we now have a similar provision in this area, I can tell you that we have so far probably banned officials and their relatives from investing in profitable business activities, including the law, including some CPC Central Committee, the State Council issued documents, a total of more than 40　　, which includes the prohibition of these officials and their relatives to do business, but contradictions, the contradictions are mainly manifested in so many aspects.　　One is on the level of officials, sometimes the relatives of officials at the office level or above can not do so, and sometimes the document also stipulates the county level, you see this 1984 provisions appear to be lower level, to the township level, branch level, this is one aspect.　　In addition, the scope of relatives is not clearly defined, sometimes defined, but very narrow, is the immediate family and spouses.　　Moderator: You see, just now we have been saying that there are a few concepts of the relatives of officials, and we need you to explain to us that the relatives of this official and the relatives of the civil servants are not the same thing, and we have also found from some recent news that, for example, a certain government position, how does his assistant count Wang Xi Zinc: In fact, you ask the question is the officials, civil servants and some so-called mayor assistant, or county assistant, there is no difference between these three。 We first look at the fact that civil servants and officials are just different terms of the same thing, officials we usually talk about, the official is the corresponding to the people, is a popular name, in the law, we have those who have public office, the exercise of certain public power, such as civil servants, the Civil Service Act to adjust. In civil servants, civil servants refer to the identities of these people, and what you have just mentioned, such as the assistant of the mayor and the assistant of the county magistrate, is only a civil service, because he has such a different level of position.　　In fact, the assistant of the mayor or the assistant of the county magistrate may be civil servants.　　Moderator: In other words, I understand your meaning, simple is for the masses, for the common people, working in the government department.　　Wang Xi Zinc: Eat the public food.　　Moderator: All the public food should be counted.　　Wang Xi Zinc: We usually say that is the official, is the official, as for this officer in the law called civil servants, what kind of assistant, magistrate or mayor, this is a position. Moderator: We come to see our 1984 years of this provision, it said that the use of authority for the family and relatives and friends of the business to seek benefits, this enterprise is not Grand, there is no subdivision, such as what kind of industry is prohibited, what kind of industry can do, For example, is it not possible for a relative of a government official to make a small sale? [Page] Wang Xi zinc: Generally speaking, the so-called ban officials for their interests, which is certainly specific, which is to prohibit officials to use his hands can control the direct exercise of power, and the use of social relations, so that other officials to give him the benefit, the most important thing is to use the power of officials, or the public power of the government, for the benefit of these relatives, relatives and friends.　　Here, if this happens, there is a public right to private, so this provision is actually to prohibit the public right to private. Moderator: This is the official, that is to eat the people of the seven aunts Aunt eight things, and then say that people eat public food themselves.　　This 1984-year rule also said, not to wholly-owned or joint-stock, part-time pay, take shares dividends and other ways of doing business, business, and now this way is not a stake in this has been clearly stipulated in the scope of not allowed? Wang Xi Zinc: This is not only the 1984 rule, the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on the Prohibition of party and government in this decision explicitly enumerated, in fact, many of the laws, and later the Central and State Council issued documents, have repeatedly reiterated that similar acts are prohibited, such as the Civil Service Act, we expressly prohibit the　　So department, CCDI in the later documents, also explicitly prohibit officials and their relatives, immediate family members, spouses, engaged in operating profit-making activities, which is said to be very clear. Moderator: So you just said, over the years, no less than dozens of relevant provisions, that is, not to allow officials to use the hands of power abuse, to the right ofhave gone to self-serving, then why so many regulations come out later, we still can see in Zhengzhou this kind of housing into a villa this kind of situation?　　And it is indeed there, we see from the reporter's report, there are officials figure?　　Wang Xi Zinc: In fact, this provision is constantly issued, every few years not only issued provisions, but also to carry out the so-called movement of cleaning, itself shows that this phenomenon has been there.　　So when we face this problem, the solution is only when the symptoms are very serious, we have a few hikes, so it lacks a long-term for such provisions to effectively implement, I think this kind of implementation, the most important issues related to the system itself, such as level sometimes, the level of prohibition is constantly adjusted.　　Second, the official's so-called relatives, in the end, the scope of the immediate family is not to be extended to other areas, this is not good control, once this bad control, we know, then we can completely through a variety of social relations, to circumvent such provisions.　　As to why officials should disregard such a provision, I think it is nothing more than two factors, first, the power of such a power unit, or shares into the market, into the business sector, can seek a very lucrative profits.　　Second, although such a profit-seeking act is illegal, the probability that the actual sanctions may be faced is relatively low.　　Moderator: You are watching "news 1+1", today our studio is concerned about the real estate market behind the long seems to have officials into the figure, our program to continue at a later time.　　Moderator: Next we connect the ice, he is the Shanghai Securities newspaper commentator, ice hello.　　Shihan ("Shanghai Securities Daily" commentator): Hello.　　Moderator: How do you look at all levels of government officials appearing in the real estate market?　　Shihan: I mainly look at this problem from two aspects, the first one I think is mainly the lack of power constraints and supervision, it is the operation of the power of transparency is not enough, black-and-black operation and the power of money trading in a big way. From the case of Zhengzhou we can see that it is that this land is originally built affordable housing, but then it mutated, but if the use of the land had been published before, the plan would have been published, including the process of building a house, the whole process, including who the house was ultimately assigned to, and who would get the house.　　, the whole process is done in the sun, and the people are directly involved in the supervision, so it is not easy to do this series of corrupt behavior. Because although we now have a strict system, the key is the lack of a performer, which means who actually executes the system.　　It is no use letting the authorities themselves monitor themselves, the key is to get the masses involved in the monitoring mechanism, how the judiciary can intervene in the mechanism, the key is to improve transparency. The second reason, I think, is that it stems mainly from monopolies. Because from the whole world, the more serious the monopoly,Its corruption is also more serious, it is the corresponding, it is basically accompanied by the birth. You see, in a series of corruption cases that have been exposed in the real estate sector, the officials involved or relatives of the officials involved, he's basically involved in land, in relation to the land, or the officials are directly in charge of the land, or these officials are indirectly associated with the land, why?　　Because our national land level market is a monopoly, in the case of monopoly, corruption is bred. The other is a monopoly of developers, because our country's commercial housing supply market is a monopoly. As I study real estate, in the whole western developed countries, commercial housing in the house supply system accounted for the largest proportion of the 30%, average less than 25%, but our country is now basically a commercial housing hoodwink, to solve this problem must break the monopoly of commercial housing, if this monopoly does not break,　　That is, the land market monopoly unbreakable, commercial housing hoodwink, then our country this monopoly situation is very difficult to evade. Moderator: Ice You see, just now Professor Wang also introduced to us in the studio, for decades, the party Central Committee and the State Council have issued no less than dozens of relevant provisions, is to cut off in the real estate market, the relationship between the last officer and the business, you think in addition to just now you say one is transparency, one is to remove the monopoly,　　Is there a particularly powerful way to cut off the relationship between the power and the power? Shihan: Actually now you have to say very effective way, the most important is the monopoly, because in fact the power and business connection point in the monopoly of this, one is as a land monopoly, one is the monopoly of commercial housing, is equal to two of the source of monopoly, it is easy to combine, because it combined together, The interests of both sides can be maximized.　　Because people as an economy, he has the instinct to pursue their own interests to maximize the impulse, if there is no power to restrain him, then the two forces are very easy to combine, if the monopoly does not break, it is difficult to really cut the interest chain, you no matter how many regulations, as long as this monopoly exists, it is impossible to break.　　Another point, you no matter how many rules, the key is that this rule can be implemented, this is very critical, the key issue is a series of provisions despite the introduction of a lot, not very effective implementation.　　Moderator: OK, thanks for the ice.　　Professor Wang, just now the ice directly said the crux of the problem is that one is a monopoly, and then another is opaque. You see there is a phenomenon, just now we also mentioned in the short film, because it in the relevant departments of the leadership, he holds the power, real estate developers want to go on in this field, the official become a bypass, sometimes real estate developers he will chase you,　　You just want to get rid of this real estate developers I am afraid not so easy, this situation should do? Wang Xi Zinc: Here in fact, the ice is said to be a monopoly, the monopoly more time refers to a kind of exclusive control of resources, if we regard power as a resource,It is true that we now have government departments there is too much control over activities in some sectors of the economy, and there is a firm grip on such control powers, as you just mentioned, such as land permits, use of licensing planning, in terms of real estate as an industrial chain, every link has to be tightly controlled by the government.　　Moderator: Who does the government not do? Wang Xi Zinc: Yes, in this case, we said that at such times, we do not usually say that the concept of monopoly, we use the government in this area to manage or control, of course, the government to do, but the way can be changed, such as land in our country, the level of land market, If we are to say that under the present system, the Government is obviously to be controlled by a certain level of government.　　But the question now is, if I have the power to grant land, then I would like to give you, my discretion is very large, how do I give you, this process is not very public, such a power in the process of running, it is very easy to go wrong, arbitrary composition is very large.　　Moderator: It's like I said just now, for example, real estate developers, I stared at you, I think I just get through your this link, I can achieve my purpose, I followed you all the way, you do not want to accept me, you do not want to see me, this situation you think you can avoid it? Wang Xi Zinc: Many times it is difficult to avoid, because of human nature, I think a strong person also has a weak side, you see a lot of corrupt officials when he confessed that the relevant personnel continue to launch an attack, the last line of defense, so we see that the film said just now, the whole real estate industry is a so-called industrial chain, profit chain , then this industry chain, the chain of interest is also a food chain, and officials, especially those with heavy power, seem to be at the top of the food chain, the strongest, but sometimes we find that the top of the food chain is the weakest, because the final risk of each process is likely to explode here.　　So officials should also be aware that a grip on power, if it is not effectively restricted to him in a system, actually means a higher risk to him.　　Moderator: The system does not restrict you, similarly, the system may not provide you with effective protection.　　Wang Xi Zinc: It is difficult, in fact, to leave a lot of loopholes, but let others can find attack you, because he does not attack you, power is here.　　Moderator: You are a checkpoint, do not pass through you.　　Wang Xi Zinc: Yes, so we see in the last few years, the close of the official and the business, we talk about the collusion between the official and the business, in fact, is more common. People's Forum has just done a survey some time ago, 67% of the people think that the official business or the proximity of official and business is actually an extremely common phenomenon, but sometimes playing very strict, it is potentially, more covert, but this undercurrent is always exist, such as Zhengzhou's affordable housing into a villa,As well as the figures behind the officials, as well as some other cities in the real estate construction of some of the major accidents behind, we have seen that the official and business he is actually standing together.　　Moderator: You introduce to us, in foreign countries, like between the official and the business, how do they leave out this connection? Wang Xi Zinc: In fact, the official and the business is we often talk about, the government is the government, the power of the power, the market to the market, the interests of the benefits, emphasizing a separate, of course, this separation first in the law to draw a general node. For example, we, the official, you are in the United States, if you say that an official retired, he can go to business, similarly, businessmen may through the political revolving door to politics.　　But here, first of all, when you do something, you can only do one kind of activity at the same time, safeguard this kind of official honest most effective mechanism, actually is the legal system request you to carry on the explicit detailed declaration, then the second is the media carries on the effective, tightly to stare at you, causes this kind of information to disclose promptly. In fact, I think the reporter that we saw in the first film in Zhengzhou has already given us great enlightenment, this reporter through his own obsession, he through this can obtain the information, he can step by step to reveal that the so-called interest chain behind the food chain, step-by-step to show, If the public knows, then there will be pressure and we will oversee him.　　Therefore, I feel that there is a system, if left this effective supervision, effective implementation, the system may still be scrap.　　Moderator: You see the tremolite of the first financial daily, he may be to some extent to make up for the relevant government agencies in the investigation process, may not have some investigation, the reporter can use his reporter's point of view to pay attention to.　　Wang Xi Zinc: Yes, sometimes government officials even want to investigate, because he has a complex network of relationships, so he may be difficult to do, external supervision can play an important role. CCTV news channel "News 1+1" broadcast time: Monday to Friday 22:00-22:30, replay the next morning 08:30, 14:30 00:30.