"Underground smelting industry chain" annual profit of hundreds of billions of money

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"Your child is not studying hard now, when you grow up, you sweep the streets," he said. For the older boys who have grown up, when they are young, they often hear the teacher teach us so, although we have always advocated in front of the work of all equal, labor the most glorious these slogans, but in fact heard such a word, always trembling. But who can think of ten years later, the electronic waste recycling workers than stranded in the office lattice of senior white-collar and rich. Even the annual output of the industrial chain has reached hundreds of millions of yuan. Such an astonishing number, whether it will also let your heart, reflect on the previous education. But do not impulse, how to pick up garbage how to extract the rubbish from a pile of junk from the extraction of gold, it is a learning, please listen to me carefully to the people.

• Gold miners in poverty belt in Beijing

Before the official commencement of the article, I would like to tell you about our survival, because the capital Beijing sits in an important geographical location, and the population of intensive consumption of resources, in the outskirts of Beijing and the surrounding area of hundreds of km is a city of poverty, usually located in remote areas of urban-rural integration, These places exist a large number of waste electronic products recycling small workshops, from waste appliances, to waste mobile phones, waste computers everything, the most of these waste buyers and electronic waste sharing a place. But this is the living environment, let these people find business opportunities, and began to do the electronic product purification profession.

Waste electronic products recovered after chemical purification of precious metals

Electronic waste is different from other rubbish categories, due to the degradation of electronic waste will not be used for landfill treatment, and recovery of purified incineration is the main way to recover electronic products, according to Internet data shows that in the waste electronic products, two times purified precious metal content is often more than the first purification of the ore purity is much higher, The gold element contained in the circuit board is 40 times times to 800 times times that of a ton of gold ore. Take a ton of scrap circuit board for example, can extract 400 grams of gold and 200 kilograms copper and 500 grams of other metals.

According to industry insiders said, a ton of PCB dismantling classification for trading transactions, about 40,000 to 50,000 of the profit, electronic waste recovery and purification, a year to get a millions of natural is very easy thing, even if the village in rural areas of the small workshop, a year of net income hundreds of thousands of is not a problem, and observe the entire recycling industry chain, To a ton of waste electronic 50,000 yuan recovery price to calculate, the national electronic garbage recycling market everywhere, a year to do hundreds of millions of of the amount is not a problem.

• Tax policy leads to small workshops

In China, it is difficult to do business, in addition to the top leaders also need to look after the mood of the people below. Corporate profits, the relevant departments to check the water meter, corporate profits are less, employees will be from complaining into scattered and fled. China's formal renewable energy recycling enterprises to survive very difficult, but as a guerrilla warfare manual small workshop, it is easy to not worry about the employment problem, do not worry about the department to check the water meter, East dozen a gun west put a gun flexible, running on the money earned.

Waste PC Computer Recycling production line

The regular army and the guerrillas belong to an industry chain of grasshoppers, but why the fate of different? In fact, carefully read, the restrictions on the regular army is not a profit but government subsidies, to Beijing, for example, the electronic product recycling enterprises as many as 91, and the actual enterprise operating rate is only 42.5%. A 21-inch waste TV set, the acquisition price of 90 yuan, and the actual state of the dismantling subsidy is only 85 yuan, you do not take this single compensation will be less, and then the single more, then we simply do not do a shutdown. This is why the current real business start-up rate is not high direct reason.

Higher taxes are another reason why corporate margins are lower, the same with a television to calculate, dismantling purification, enterprises can obtain about 130 yuan to 140 yuan profit, but to pay the acquisition, dismantling, environmental pollution and other taxes, the actual total profit is almost zero, individual enterprises even negative. And scattered guerrillas will not be subject to tax policy restrictions. The profits naturally fall into their pockets.

To dismantle a piece of compensation a recovery enterprise suffers from difficulties

Another difficulty is that users are often unable to find the regular electronic waste recycling channels, but the waste electronic products sold directly to the mobile electronic products recycling hawkers, or directly scrapped as garbage thrown away, which has a good color, hawker recycling for resale to the rural market, but not the normal boot of electronic products, into a deeper layer of dismantling work to do two processing. These are all done in small handmade workshops, the formal enterprise can not touch.

• Electronic waste extraction gold is not groundless

A notebook has not been able to boot normally, in addition to hard disk data, there may not be any part of the user will feel valuable. But for the recycling of electronic products, this notebook contains a large number of precious metals, through technical purification means can be such as gold, copper and other elements to be refined out, for two times sale. Take a notebook, for example, which contains 0.01% of gold, about 25% copper, and about 50% renewable plastics.

Electronic scrap metal fragments processed by a grinder

Earlier in the Zol forum, some people have done electronic products to extract gold, at present, from the technical means of two methods can be obtained from the purification of precious metals. One is incineration purification method, this method is the oldest, the efficiency of purification is small, mainly in some open-air places will be used, but this method of environmental pollution is larger, usually in the waste electronic products sprayed gasoline, kerosene and other combustion-supporting liquids, combustion process will produce a lot of waste gas, and unburned waste electronic products in addition to precious metals will also produce a large number of organic scum, the excessive amount of precious metal lead and other harmful to the human body will escape into the air to make air pollution two times, of course, this method is currently used less people.

The other method is relatively more practical, high temperature liquid purification method, mainly with strong acidic solution to the circuit board of precious metals and silicon separation, such as the current mainstream Wang water, lead Mercury and Thiourea method, through this method can be better to extract the circuit board gold, silver, copper and other precious metals. PC CPU processor, the extraction of gold in the CPU in fact, the steps are not complex, the glass container poured 40% or so nitric acid, will be removed from the CPU immersed in the container until the needle completely dissolved, gold-plated into a needle-like floating in the water, filtered after the use of Aqua Regia two times purification can be extracted to the desired gold precious metals.

Electrothermal type nitric acid quartz glass purification equipment

Although the use of acid liquid purification method can be used to extract the precious metals of electronic products, but still not suitable for large-scale metal recovery. Waste electronic products because of the purity of a single product range, burning two pollution, hydrogen chloride, although refined purity, but its own hydrogen chloride is highly toxic substances, the state strict control, technology bottlenecks is currently a large-scale electronic product recovery is one of the great obstacles, this shows, in order to evade the relevant departments to combat, Small workshop purified Gold guerrillas hit a gun for a place, easy to escape the fine blow, and low purification threshold, illegal profits high, the proliferation of illegal gold-smelting guerrilla phenomenon is also a normal phenomenon.

• Gold purification pollution environment who's going to pay for it?

First pollution after the treatment, this is the existing many enterprises to go the old routine, although the country in the early years has introduced a corresponding law to curb the pollution of solid waste, but the effect is negligible. In response to the cost of electronic waste disposal, who will pay for the interests of all parties dispute chatter. Manufacturers do not want to bear the environmental costs of recycling products, and the Environmental Protection Department has only granted a certain subsidy to the downstream recycling companies, which are not enough to keep the recycling business running, and consumers to pay for e-waste products are more unrealistic. Because of this, the problem of electronic product recycling has not been solved.

Japan recycling industry chain is relatively intact

Japan is a very high self-control of a country, the concept of environmental protection is also raised from an early age, in Japan if the family waste electronic products processing, not only can not get the cost of electronic products recovery, but also need to pay a part of the electronic waste disposal fee, Sweden, which has the most ability to dispose of its garbage, is paid by its manufacturers, and it needs to be imported to other countries every year because of the relative perfection of the electronic waste recycling industry chain. Different countries in the face of electronic products are different treatment, which has the national consciousness problem, there are relevant departments of legal issues, but also the promotion of environmental protection departments.

The Sysav incineration plant in Malmo, Sweden, has a strong capacity for electronic waste disposal

Learn from foreign advanced management experience, Chinese manufacturers need to assume their own social responsibility, to join the ranks of the entire product recovery, but this does not mean that the product manufacturers to participate in the entire product disintegration, but to pay some of the environmental costs and other means to assume the corresponding responsibility of the enterprise, Blindly to the responsibility of the waste recycling enterprises, will only let these efforts to digest the waste recycling enterprises in the industrial chain at the end, which I am afraid should be the most we do not want to see results.