Urban roads and public transport investment over 2 trillion in 10 remains congested

Xinhua Beijing, May 26 (reporter Duyu) reporter recently from the Ministry of Housing and Urban Transport Engineering Technology Center learned that since 2000, China's urban roads and public transport investment accumulated more than 2 trillion yuan, but still unable to curb the spread of urban traffic congestion.　　What is the cause of urban traffic congestion, traffic congestion charges are feasible, improve congestion in the root of the policy where, become a focus of social concern.　　2 trillion why can't investment curb the spread of urban traffic congestion?　　In the interview, the reporter learned that the traffic demand soared, the traffic supply limited, coupled with the residents travel structure of the car is the main cause of urban traffic congestion.　　Urban Transportation Engineering Technology Center, Deputy Director of the Ministry of Housing and Urban construction, MA Marin said that the dual role of urbanization and Motorization has led to a surge in urban traffic demand. At present, China has entered the rapid development period of urbanization. Data show that the level of urbanization at the end of 2009 reached 46.59%, urban population of 621.86 million.　　According to the China Urban Development Report of 2009, 50% of the population will live in cities by 2020, and 75% in the city in 2050. With rapid urbanization, there are also rapid urban traffic motorization, China's urban traffic mobility to a large extent on the performance of the car, 2008 China's private cars accounted for the proportion of civilian cars as high as 80%.　　With the rapid growth of cars as the core of the mobile development trend, to deal with urban traffic congestion has brought great challenges. On the one hand, demand is soaring, on the other hand, the supply of urban transportation is restricted by resource conditions.　　China's urban land resources are very tight, 2008 national urban per capita construction land 108.44 square meters, of which the largest cities only 80~90 square meters.　　Marin said that in the future, the urban per capita construction land in China is strictly controlled within 100 square meters, in the case of satisfying the city's other functional land, the per capita road land can only be maintained in 12~15 square meters, and the growth space of urban road traffic facilities is not enough. It is noteworthy that the resident travel structure of the car exacerbated the traffic supply and demand contradictions.　　BEIJING, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Shenzhen and other mega-cities, car travel ratio is rising, Beijing has more than 30%, and public transport travel rate is mostly around 20%. Marin said: "The rapid growth of car travel demand, resulting in the road traffic supply and demand conflict further intensified, urban traffic congestion has become a normal, urban centers especially prominent."　　"Is it feasible to charge urban traffic congestion?"　　In order to solve the problem of urban congestion, a number of urban roads are expanding, but the road is much more repaired, and has not changed the status of road congestion. In this case, experts believe that the traffic demand management as a solution to urban traffic congestion problem is an important measure imperative.　　Among them, vigorously develop the public transportation is the transportation demand management core measure. However, the development of public transport needs a certain amount of time, in order to accelerate the transformation of urban traffic development model, but also for the development of public transport to win aFixed time, experts suggest that in a certain stage, the urban road traffic this quasi-public goods use economic means to carry out traffic demand management, such as to improve urban Central District parking charges, the implementation of congestion charges.　　According to the Ministry of Housing and Urban construction of urban Transport Engineering Technology Center Deputy Director, senior Engineer Zhao Jie introduced, London, United States, San Diego, California State, Singapore, including road congestion charges include some of the economic means to alleviate the traffic congestion status, and achieved good results.　　It is undeniable that traffic congestion charges is a very policy of traffic demand management measures, the implementation of this measure involves the use of resources and the redistribution of the interests of different groups. Zhao Jie that it is important to enhance public participation in communication and enhance the transparency of policy implementation. He said: "The policy of congestion charging should be widely publicized, and public hearings and publicity should be used to clarify the purpose, programme, fees and expected effects of the implementation, in particular to inform the community of the redistribution of fees and to inform and respond to public needs and queries in a timely manner." According to Zhao Jie, the "West expansion programme" of congestion charges in London first conducted a feasibility study, followed by public consultation.　　Japan's policy on traffic demand management also attaches great importance to the participation of motorists, companies and community members. Marlin believes that the determination of a reasonable fee pricing and rates, is the implementation of traffic congestion charges and achieved a good effect of the core, too high prices will lead to a substantial reduction in traffic volume, reduce the attractiveness of the toll area, so that the toll area loss of vitality, and too low prices can not play a role in regulating Therefore, it is essential to determine the price of charges based on the traffic cost calculation.　　At the same time, we should pay attention to the traffic needs of the residents in the charging area, and make preferential or relief measures at the rates. In addition, the experts also said that the implementation of traffic congestion charges will bring traffic demand in space and time changes, in order to adapt to this change, the need for public transport systems, parking systems and transfer systems to improve the construction of facilities.　　Include: To dredge the alternative road outside the charging area, facilitate the detour of transit traffic, perfect the bus network, increase the supply capacity, meet the original and new increase of bus travel demand after the implementation of congestion charges, adjust the layout of parking system and transfer hub, convenient for residents to use the parking and transfer mode to enter the congestion charging area. To solve the problem of congestion, the fundamental measure lies in the development of public transportation system. In the view of experts, the restriction of traffic demand, whether through administrative means or economic means, is largely a helpless choice in the limited situation of urban road space resources.　　The real improvement of urban traffic congestion lies in the development of public transportation system, while improving the travel environment of non-motorized transportation such as bicycles and walking, and providing more travel options for those who are affected by relevant interests. "The establishment of a safe, comfortable and efficient public transport system is the ultimate goal of future urban transport system construction," Marin said. "From the international community, Germany's traffic demand management policy success is to maintain a high proportion of public transport travel status, through the establishment of public transport integration SystemReduce the total amount of travel.　　The traffic demand management strategy in Copenhagen, Denmark, in addition to attaching great importance to the expansion and diversification of public transport services, also expands the bicycle lanes and pedestrian networks in the city.　　In fact, since 2005, China has established a policy of giving priority to the development of public transport, the investment to public transport, the major cities to speed up the urban rail transit planning and construction, the establishment of bus lanes, to improve the efficiency of bus operation, guide and encourage residents to use public transport mode of travel. "The objective of improving the level of public transport services is to enhance the competitiveness and attractiveness of public transport," Zhao Jie said. The supply and service integration of public transportation is the basis of improving service level.　　"Experts recommend the establishment of a variety of public transport, especially rail transit and BRT-oriented land use model, the preparation of urban public transportation planning, network and station optimization integration, to provide passengers with a high accessibility of the operating network and seamless transfer service. In addition, the standardized design of vehicles, stations and pedestrian facilities, the addition of bicycle parking facilities at stations, the use of bus priority traffic signals, the increase of operating vehicles and operational mileage, and the economic incentives for passengers will help improve the level of public transport services and attract more people to choose the way of public transport.