Zhongguancun Yun-brewed private banks operate through large data and Internet technology

The policy signal of loosening private capital into banking is more and more strong.

August 9, the CBRC issued the "Chinese Commercial Bank administrative licensing matters Implementation Measures" (2013 version of the draft, hereinafter referred to as the "method"), to be revised since February 1, 2006, the implementation of the "Chinese banks set up measures" (hereinafter referred to as version 2006). Compared with the previous version, the "approach" in the establishment of Chinese commercial banks, especially the domestic financial institutions to launch the establishment of Chinese banks have some relaxation.

"This approach has much to do with the news that regulators have recently set up to release private banks frequently." "said Guo, director of China Banking Research Center at the Central University of Finance and Economics.

Although private capital is full of hope, in a hurry to report the risk of private banks to the plan, but the progress is not optimistic.

Private capital entering into banking springtime

Since June, the regulator has been frequently involved in the pilot reform of private financial institutions, including private banks. July 31, the CBRC chairman Shang Fulin in the first half of the national banking Supervision and Supervision working conference said that in the second half of the year to launch their own risk of private banks.

In the opinion of analysts, it is now a good time for private capital to enter the banking sector. August 15, there is news that after Everbright Securities, Oriental Securities, Citic Securities, securities, China Securities, East China Sea Securities, Guotai, Huatai Securities and Merchants Securities and other 8 brokerages to carry out the customer securities funds account consumer payment services to the pilot qualification.

Among them, Guotai became the first financial institution to join the central bank payment system except commercial banks. The analysis points out that if the securities companies enter the central bank payment system, it means that, in addition to not using direct loans from customers, many types of banking business can be done, has pried the bank to monopolize the leading position of the financial industry boss. Since then, the brokerage will be able to carry out customer remittance, savings, financial management and wealth control, such as banking business.

Zhu, deputy dean of Shanghai Jiaotong University's Senior Finance Institute, said that the economic downturn and financial reform, the banking system is under pressure, now the bank volume and leverage are relatively high, there is a strong demand for private capital.

Multi-message shows that local private capital began brewing preparations for the launch of private banks. "We have 10 Wenzhou Chamber of Commerce, financing 5 billion yuan plan to set up private banks." Whether the bank is a Wenzhou company that serves the Chamber of Commerce or a small micro-business is not yet certain. "The head of the joint Investment Center said that two of Wenzhou also reported the program, one was launched by the Chinese compatriots in Wenzhou, and the other is Ruian Hua Feng Micro-Loan Co., Ltd.

Zhu Analysis, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Private capital is very interested in entering the banking industry, for two reasons: first, the traditional manufacturing profits and the financial sector is not rich enough, second, many entrepreneurs want to launch the bank to provide their own funds.

The news from all sides shows that private enterprises, except Wenzhou, Shanghai, Guangdong and Beijing, are actively applying for the establishment of private banks at their own risk. It has been reported that Juneyao Group, located in Shanghai, has reported a plan to launch a private bank. In this respect, Juneyao group related people told the China Business newspaper Reporter: "We do have a private bank idea, but now there is no plan." ”

The plan from Beijing is already quite concrete, or the first to break the cocoon. Zhongguancun CMC recently called on entrepreneurs to promote the establishment of ZHONGGUANCUN banking matters. The Bank of Zhongguancun in the brewing is apt to locate in technology and Internet bank.

It is reported that Zhongguancun Bank will focus on two areas: first, science and technology finance, more than 20,000 High-tech enterprises in the park to provide financing services, wealth management services; the second is internet banking, which runs banks through large data and Internet technology.

The source said that at present, Zhongguancun Bank is still in a very early stage of the brewing, many content remains variable, but the comprehensive views of the initial planning, the new bank may only be in the park to set up a very small network, and even consider not to set up a physical network. Retail business, for example, will consider doing it purely on the internet, which has emerged abroad.

According to media reports, Guangdong has also been a number of private enterprises have been gearing up, to the regulatory authorities to submit the application of private banks, including the City of Hong Kong has been the shares of the Hong Kong group, as well as a number of enterprises composed of Guangdong Jieyang Industrial Park. But the concrete progress still has to wait for policy to come out.

In Zhu's view, encouraging private capital to enter the banking sector, from the financial supervision point of view, is a substantial change. However, apart from regulatory requirements, there is no need to untie the implementation level, which is a real concern. In addition, the introduction of deposit insurance system is also an important guarantee for private banks. "I believe that private banks will not be released on a large scale until the deposit insurance system is formally introduced." ”

Lowering the threshold of city firms to loosen the conditions for financial institutions

The CBRC said that the amendments to the measures are to clean up, reduce and adjust the administrative examination and approval matters and improve the management of the administrative licensing matters for Chinese banks.

Compared to the old and new methods, it is found that the provisions are significantly reduced and more normative and reasonable. The scheme has 7 chapters and 108 articles, while the 2006 edition has 7 chapters and 144 articles. From the second chapter, "Establishment of institutions", weakening the specific provisions of the City firm. In the 2006 edition, the first section, the second section and the third section of the second chapter are the joint-stock banks, the city firm and the City Letter Society, respectively, in the "method" the system is set up by the legal person institution, the threshold of the city firm establishment is greatly simplified.

The method shows that the registered capital of the legal entity of Chinese Commercial Bank is still 1 billion yuan, the minimum limit of registered capital of City Commercial Bank is 100 million RMB. According to the requirements of version 2006, the city firm must meet the capital adequacy rate of not less than 8%, the core capital adequacy ratio is not less than 4%, non-performing loans ratio is not higher than 10%.

At the same time, in the other prudential conditions set up by the Chinese bank, the 2006 version of the "Local government does not invest in banks, do not interfere with the day-to-day operation of banks." Such a change is more reasonable and conforms to the actual situation of the development of the banking industry. "Guo said.

It is worth noting that private capital shares in the city will be easier. "Method" adds a stipulation, the city firm registers the province, the autonomous region, the municipality outside the city Enterprise to buy the stock right change application under 5%, by the city firm Location CBRC accepts, examines and decides, the stock right change above 5% only then to the CBRC decides. This means that the threshold for companies to buy shares in the city is greatly reduced.

According to the announcement, the deadline for soliciting opinions will be until September 9, 2013. In addition, compared with the 2006 version, the "approach" on domestic financial institutions to establish a Chinese bank of the conditions to relax significantly, in addition to prudential conditions and no hard indicators. That is, the requirement of capital adequacy ratio (or total weighted risk assets) and the upper limit of equity investment balance have been removed, which has added "good social reputation, no serious violations in the last two years and major cases caused by internal management problems".

This means that if a domestic financial institution initiates the establishment of a Chinese-funded commercial bank, there are no other hard targets except for the main prudential regulatory targets. "The CBRC will reduce the threshold for domestic financial institutions to set up banks and may attract large financial institutions to expand into small, regional banking sectors and deeper into the microfinance sector." "Guo said.

The approach is loose and tight. As the Promoter or strategic investor of a Chinese commercial bank, the foreign financial institution requires that the capital adequacy ratio of the commercial bank should reach the average level of the capital adequacy ratio of the banks in the registered land and not less than 10.5% (2006 edition is 8%); non-bank financial institutions require unchanged Total capital is no less than 10% of the total weighted risk assets.

In particular, for the offshore financial institutions and their affiliated parties to jointly invest in the same domestic bank, the measures require that a single offshore financial institution and the affiliated party under its control or joint control as a promoter or strategic investor shall not exceed 20% per cent of the investment in a single Chinese commercial Bank, Multiple offshore financial institutions and associated parties under their control or joint control as promoters or strategic investors, the proportion of investment shares should not exceed 25%, version 2006 does not take into account "by its control or joint control of the relevant party."

And in the sponsor's investment funds, the request "for their own funds, not to entrust funds, debt funds and other non-owned funds to share, except as otherwise stipulated in the laws and regulations", the old method only requires a true legal source of funds. Guo that the CBRC requires private bank sponsors to commit to risk fallback, and its own capital is guaranteed.