iOS開發之3D Touch

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1、簡介

　　3DTouch是在6s之後蘋果的一項技術，只能在6s及其以上機型真機運行，Xcode的模擬器是不支援的。

• Quick Actions（點擊icon的捷徑）

• Peek&Pop（應用內快速預覽內容）

• UITouch和LivePhoto（讀取壓力和最大壓力）

 

2、Quick Actions（點擊icon的捷徑）

　　點擊app的表徵圖，可以彈出Today小工具（如果有的話）和UIApplicationShortcutItem捷徑——這就是Quick Actions！

////  UIApplicationShortcutItem.h//  UIKit////  Copyright ? 2015-2017 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.//#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN@class UIImage;typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIApplicationShortcutIconType) {    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCompose,       //使用者自訂    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypePlay,          //播放    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypePause,         //暫停    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAdd,           //添加    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeLocation,      //位置    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeSearch,        //搜尋    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeShare,         //分享    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeProhibit       NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //禁止    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeContact        NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //連絡人    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeHome           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //家庭    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeMarkLocation   NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //標記位置    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeFavorite       NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //偏愛    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeLove           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //喜愛    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCloud          NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //雲訪問    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeInvitation     NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //邀請    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeConfirmation   NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //確認    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeMail           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //郵箱    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeMessage        NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //訊息    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeDate           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //日曆    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeTime           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //時間    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCapturePhoto   NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //照片    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCaptureVideo   NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //視頻    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeTask           NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //建立任務    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeTaskCompleted  NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //完成任務    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAlarm          NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //鬧鐘    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeBookmark       NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //書籤    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeShuffle        NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //洗牌    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAudio          NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1), //音頻    UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeUpdate         NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_1)  //更新} NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0) __TVOS_PROHIBITED;NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0) __TVOS_PROHIBITED@interface UIApplicationShortcutIcon : NSObject <NSCopying>//初始化+ (instancetype)iconWithType:(UIApplicationShortcutIconType)type;//基於應用程式套件組合中的映像建立主畫面快速動作表徵圖，最好是在資產目錄中。+ (instancetype)iconWithTemplateImageName:(NSString *)templateImageName;@endNS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0) __TVOS_PROHIBITED@interface UIApplicationShortcutItem : NSObject <NSCopying, NSMutableCopying>//初始化- (instancetype)init NS_UNAVAILABLE;/** @param type 自訂的字串type @param localizedTitle 標題 @param localizedSubtitle 子標題 @param icon 表徵圖 @param userInfo 傳遞的資訊 */- (instancetype)initWithType:(NSString *)type localizedTitle:(NSString *)localizedTitle localizedSubtitle:(nullable NSString *)localizedSubtitle icon:(nullable UIApplicationShortcutIcon *)icon userInfo:(nullable NSDictionary *)userInfo NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;- (instancetype)initWithType:(NSString *)type localizedTitle:(NSString *)localizedTitle;//讀取相關初始化資訊@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSString *type;@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSString *localizedTitle;@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSString *localizedSubtitle;@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy, readonly) UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon;@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSDictionary<NSString *, id <NSSecureCoding>> *userInfo;@endNS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0) __TVOS_PROHIBITED//可變item@interface UIMutableApplicationShortcutItem : UIApplicationShortcutItem@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *type;@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *localizedTitle;@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSString *localizedSubtitle;@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon;@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSDictionary<NSString *, id <NSSecureCoding>> *userInfo;@endNS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

UIApplicationShortcutItem相關API

　　2.1、靜態建立

　　　　直接配置Info.plist檔案

　　2.2、動態建立　　

　　　　代碼建立：

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {    NSMutableArray *arrShortcutItem = (NSMutableArray *)[UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems;        UIApplicationShortcutItem *shoreItem1 = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"適得府君書咖啡來看" localizedTitle:@"搜尋" localizedSubtitle:nil icon:[UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeSearch] userInfo:nil];    [arrShortcutItem addObject:shoreItem1];    UIApplicationShortcutItem *shoreItem2 = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"杜師傅就快兩個開啟分割" localizedTitle:@"新訊息" localizedSubtitle:@"" icon:[UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCompose] userInfo:nil];    [arrShortcutItem addObject:shoreItem2];    UIApplicationShortcutItem *shoreItem3 = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"sdfasjdfhsksdjfsdajklfdjfh" localizedTitle:@"加大開發" localizedSubtitle:@"" icon:[UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeLocation] userInfo:nil];    [arrShortcutItem addObject:shoreItem3];    UIApplicationShortcutItem *shoreItem4 = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"sdfasjdfhskdjfh" localizedTitle:@"新" localizedSubtitle:@"" icon:[UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeShare] userInfo:nil];    [arrShortcutItem addObject:shoreItem4];    [UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems = arrShortcutItem;    return YES;}

　　2.3、點擊回應程式法

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application performActionForShortcutItem:(UIApplicationShortcutItem *)shortcutItem completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL))completionHandler{    NSLog(@"name ==%@\n type =  %@",shortcutItem.localizedTitle,shortcutItem.type);}

　　ps：系統優先載入靜態方法建立的item，可以混合載入，最多4個item；

　　　　正式發布後會有5個item，蘋果統一添加個分享的item；

　　　　有的item的表徵圖會顯現在右側，這個和app在螢幕得位置有關；

 

 3、Peek&Pop（應用內快速預覽內容）

　　Peek頁面預覽：給視圖添加一點壓力，會以彈框的方式預覽目標介面；

　　Pop拉出菜單：在介面預覽時，如果有菜單選項，向上拖拽下面會出現功能表列；

　　繼續增加壓力會跳轉到目標介面——也就是Peek&Pop！

　　3.1、Peek

　　　　本例在圖片上添加此功能：前提一個是可以互動、二是註冊registerForPreviewingWithDelegate

    [self.imageView setUserInteractionEnabled:YES];    if (self.traitCollection.forceTouchCapability == UIForceTouchCapabilityAvailable) {        [self registerForPreviewingWithDelegate:(id)self sourceView:self.imageView];    }

　　　　建立功能表列：需要在目標ViewController介面重寫- (NSArray<id<UIPreviewActionItem>> *)previewActionItems；方法

- (NSArray<id<UIPreviewActionItem>> *)previewActionItems{    UIPreviewAction *action1 = [UIPreviewAction actionWithTitle:@"action1" style:UIPreviewActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIPreviewAction * _Nonnull action, UIViewController * _Nonnull previewViewController) {        NSLog(@"action1");    }];        UIPreviewAction *action2 = [UIPreviewAction actionWithTitle:@"action2" style:UIPreviewActionStyleSelected handler:^(UIPreviewAction * _Nonnull action, UIViewController * _Nonnull previewViewController) {        NSLog(@"action2");    }];    NSArray *actions = @[action1,action2];    UIPreviewActionGroup *group1 = [UIPreviewActionGroup actionGroupWithTitle:@"Action Group" style:UIPreviewActionStyleDefault actions:actions];    return@[action1,action2,group1];}

　　　　預覽視圖方法和跳轉視圖方法：

//預覽- (nullable UIViewController *)previewingContext:(id <UIViewControllerPreviewing>)previewingContext viewControllerForLocation:(CGPoint)location NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0){    if ([self.presentedViewController isKindOfClass:[VideoViewController class]]){        return nil;    }else {        VideoViewController *contentVC = [[VideoViewController alloc] init];        return contentVC;    }}//重按進入- (void)previewingContext:(id <UIViewControllerPreviewing>)previewingContext commitViewController:(UIViewController *)viewControllerToCommit NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0){    NSLog(@"重按進入");    VideoViewController *v = [[VideoViewController alloc] init];    [self presentViewController:v animated:YES completion:nil];}

 

4、UITouch和LivePhoto（讀取壓力和最大壓力）

　　在UITouch類中有兩個方法用來讀取即時壓力和最大壓力：

// 觸摸壓力值@property(nonatomic,readonly) CGFloat force NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0);// 最大觸摸壓力值@property(nonatomic,readonly) CGFloat maximumPossibleForce NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0);

　　在本例中重寫了ImageView的代理方法擷取這兩個數值：

- (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    NSLog(@"=======%lf",touches.anyObject.force);}- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    NSLog(@"------%lf",touches.anyObject.maximumPossibleForce);}

　　結果：

　　LivePhoto是一張圖片和一段3秒的視頻組成，當使用3D Touch時會播放這段視頻，手指放開會結束播放。

　　所以這個效果通過UITouch的上面兩個屬性就可以自己完成！

 

iOS開發之3D Touch