本文執行個體講述了Android觀察者模式。分享給大家供大家參考。具體分析如下:
一、環境:
主機:WIN8
開發環境:Eclipse
二、說明:
1.開啟sd卡中的xml檔案,如果不存在,這建立一個,並寫入預設配置
2.讀取xml檔案
3.Config_Info.java為配置資訊資料結構
4.IF_Config.java為配置類的存取介面,其他類可以通過此介面直接擷取配置資訊
5.IF_Subject_Config.java為觀察者模式目標類介面
6.IF_Observer_Config.java為觀察者模式觀察者類介面
7.Config.java為配置類,完成1,2兩部工作,同時是觀察者模式的目標類,一旦配置資訊由變化著通知觀察者類
8.TestClass.java為觀察者模式的觀察者
通過存取介面+觀察者模式可以實現松耦合的設計。
三、xml檔案格式:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="true"?> -<config> <title>遠程視頻會見系統</title> <local_port>12600</local_port> <schedule_service_ip>10.58.1.59</schedule_service_ip><schedule_service_port>12601</schedule_service_port> </config>
四、原始碼:
Config_Info.java:
/** * 配置資訊資料類型 * 建立時間:2014/12/8 by jdh */ package com.example.helloanychat; public class Config_Info { //標題 public String title; //本機ip public String local_ip; //本機連接埠 public int local_port; //調度伺服器ip public String schedule_server_ip; //調度伺服器連接埠 public int schedule_server_port; }
IF_Config.java:
/** * 介面:配置類,讀寫 * 建立時間:2014/12/8 by jdh */ package com.example.helloanychat; public interface IF_Config { public Config_Info get_config_info(); }
IF_Subject_Config.java:
/** * 介面:配置類,觀察者模式:目標 * 建立時間:2014/12/8 by jdh */ package com.example.helloanychat; public interface IF_Subject_Config { public void register_observer(IF_Observer_Config observer); public void remove_observer(IF_Observer_Config observer); public void notify_observer(); }
IF_Observer_Config.java:
/** * 介面:配置類,觀察者模式:觀察者 * 建立時間:2014/12/8 by jdh */ package com.example.helloanychat; public interface IF_Observer_Config { public void update(Config_Info info); }
Config.java:
/** * 配置資訊類 * 建立日期:2014/12/8 by jdh * 修改日期:2014/12/9 by jdh */ package com.example.helloanychat; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.net.Inet6Address; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.NetworkInterface; import java.net.SocketException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.List; import java.util.Timer; import java.util.TimerTask; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import android.os.Environment; import android.util.Log; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.Element; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserFactory; import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlSerializer; public class Config implements IF_Config,IF_Subject_Config { //配置資訊 private Config_Info Info = new Config_Info(); //儲存觀察者的列表 private List<IF_Observer_Config> Observers = new ArrayList<IF_Observer_Config>(); //定時器 private Timer Timer_Work = new Timer(); //工作間隔,單位:ms private final int INTERVAL_WORK = 5000; /** * 建構函式 */ public Config() { //組建組態資訊 generate_config_info(); //建立定時線程 Timer_Work.schedule(new Task(),INTERVAL_WORK,INTERVAL_WORK); // 定時任務 } //介面:讀寫 @Override public Config_Info get_config_info() { return Info; } //讀寫,觀察者模式:目標 @Override public void register_observer(IF_Observer_Config observer) { Observers.add(observer); } @Override public void remove_observer(IF_Observer_Config observer) { int index = Observers.indexOf(observer); if (index >= 0) { Observers.remove(observer); } } @Override public void notify_observer() { for (int i = 0; i < Observers.size(); i++) { IF_Observer_Config o = (IF_Observer_Config) Observers.get(i); o.update(Info); } } /** * 得到本機ip地址 * @return 本機ip地址 */ private String getLocalIpAddress() { try { for (Enumeration<NetworkInterface> en = NetworkInterface .getNetworkInterfaces(); en.hasMoreElements();) { NetworkInterface intf = en.nextElement(); for (Enumeration<InetAddress> enumIpAddr = intf .getInetAddresses(); enumIpAddr.hasMoreElements();) { InetAddress inetAddress = enumIpAddr.nextElement(); //if (!inetAddress.isLoopbackAddress()) { if (!inetAddress.isLoopbackAddress() && !(inetAddress instanceof Inet6Address)) { return inetAddress.getHostAddress().toString(); } } } } catch (SocketException ex) { Log.e("WifiPreference IpAddress", ex.toString()); } return null; } /** * 產生xml設定檔的String資料流 * Config_Info的本機ip資訊不會儲存 * @param info:配置資訊 * @return xml的String資料流 */ private String produce_xml_string(Config_Info info) { StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter(); try { // 擷取XmlSerializer對象 XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance(); XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = factory.newSerializer(); // 設定輸出資料流對象 xmlSerializer.setOutput(stringWriter); //開始標籤 xmlSerializer.startDocument("utf-8", true); xmlSerializer.startTag(null, "config"); //標題 xmlSerializer.startTag(null, "title"); xmlSerializer.text(info.title); xmlSerializer.endTag(null, "title"); //本機連接埠 xmlSerializer.startTag(null, "local_port"); xmlSerializer.text(Integer.toString(info.local_port)); xmlSerializer.endTag(null, "local_port"); //調度伺服器ip xmlSerializer.startTag(null, "schedule_service_ip"); xmlSerializer.text(info.schedule_server_ip); xmlSerializer.endTag(null, "schedule_service_ip"); //調度伺服器連接埠 xmlSerializer.startTag(null, "schedule_service_port"); xmlSerializer.text(Integer.toString(info.schedule_server_port)); xmlSerializer.endTag(null, "schedule_service_port"); xmlSerializer.endTag(null, "config"); xmlSerializer.endDocument(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return stringWriter.toString(); } /** * 工作任務:得到配置資訊 */ private void generate_config_info() { boolean ok; File sd_path; File file_cfg_dir; File file_cfg; FileOutputStream out; String str; FileInputStream in; Config_Info info = new Config_Info(); //得到本機ip地址 info.local_ip = getLocalIpAddress(); //擷取SD卡目錄 sd_path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); //判斷檔案夾是否存在 file_cfg_dir = new File(sd_path.getPath() + "//Remote_Meeting"); if (!file_cfg_dir.exists() && !file_cfg_dir.isDirectory()) { System.out.println("設定檔夾Remote_Meeting不存在!"); ok = file_cfg_dir.mkdirs(); if (ok) { System.out.println("建立檔案夾成功!"); } else { System.out.println("建立檔案夾失敗!"); } } //判斷設定檔是否存在 file_cfg = new File(file_cfg_dir.getPath(),"cfg.xml"); if (!file_cfg.exists()) { System.out.println("設定檔cfg.xml不存在!"); try { file_cfg.createNewFile(); System.out.println("建立檔案cfg.xml成功!"); //產生初始化的配置資料 try { out = new FileOutputStream(file_cfg); //儲存預設配置 Info.title = "遠程視頻會見系統"; Info.local_port = 12600; Info.schedule_server_ip = "10.58.1.59"; Info.schedule_server_port = 12601; str = produce_xml_string(Info); out.write(str.getBytes()); out.close(); //儲存本機ip Info.local_ip = info.local_ip; //通知觀察者 notify_observer(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } else { //解析xml檔案 try { in = new FileInputStream(file_cfg); DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); Document document = builder.parse(in); // 擷取根節點 Element root = document.getDocumentElement(); NodeList node = root.getChildNodes(); //獲得第1子節點:標題 info.title = node.item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue(); //獲得第2子節點:本機連接埠 info.local_port = Integer.parseInt(node.item(1).getFirstChild().getNodeValue()); //獲得第3子節點:調度伺服器ip info.schedule_server_ip = node.item(2).getFirstChild().getNodeValue(); //獲得第4子節點:調度伺服器連接埠 info.schedule_server_port = Integer.parseInt(node.item(3).getFirstChild().getNodeValue()); //判斷配置資訊是否變更 do { if (!info.title.equals(Info.title)) { break; } if (!info.local_ip.equals(Info.local_ip)) { break; } if (info.local_port != Info.local_port) { break; } if (!info.schedule_server_ip.equals(Info.schedule_server_ip)) { break; } if (info.schedule_server_port != Info.schedule_server_port) { break; } //全部相同 return; } while (false); //賦值 Info.title = info.title; Info.local_ip = info.local_ip; Info.local_port = info.local_port; Info.schedule_server_ip = info.schedule_server_ip; Info.schedule_server_port = info.schedule_server_port; //通知觀察者 notify_observer(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * 定時器線程定時工作 */ private class Task extends TimerTask { @Override public void run() { generate_config_info(); } } }
TestClass.java:
package com.example.helloanychat; public class TestClass implements IF_Observer_Config { public TestClass () { } @Override public void update(Config_Info info) { System.out.printf("-------------更新資料:%s,%s,%d,%s,%d\n", info.title,info.local_ip,info.local_port,info.schedule_server_ip,info.schedule_server_port); } }
MainActivity:
TestClass testclass = new TestClass(); Config config = new Config(); mEditIP.setText(config.get_config_info().local_ip); config.register_observer(testclass);
希望本文所述對大家的Android程式設計有所協助。