ORACLE常見錯誤碼的分析與解決(三)

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正在看的ORACLE教程是:ORACLE常見錯誤碼的分析與解決(三)。ORA-00600:internal error code,arguments:[num],[?],[?],[?],[?]

產生原因:這種錯誤通常為ORACLE的內部錯誤,只對OSS和ORACLE開發有用。ORA-600的錯誤經常伴隨追蹤檔案的狀態轉儲
(系統狀態和進程狀態),系統狀態儲存將包括ORACLE RDBMS持有的當前對象的資訊,進程狀態轉儲則將顯示特殊進程持
有的對象,當進程符合了某錯誤條件時,經常是由於一些資訊取自它持有的一個塊,如果我們知道這些錯誤進程持有的
塊,就容易跟蹤問題的來源。

解決方案:一般來說出現這個錯誤我們本身是無法解決的,只有從提高系統本身各方面來解決這個內部問題,如增加硬體
裝置,調整系統效能,使用OPS(當然OPS從某種意義上說並不是一種好的解決方式)等。ORA-600錯誤的第一個變數用於標
記代碼中錯誤的位置(代碼中的每個部分的第一變數都不一樣),從第二個到第五個變數顯示附加資訊,告訴OSS代碼在哪
裡出現了錯誤。

一個報錯例子如下:

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [1237], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

相應的英文如下:

Cause:This is a catchall internal error message for Oracle program exceptions.It indicates that a process
has met a low-level,unexpected condition.Various causes of this message include:

Time-outs(逾時)

File corruption(檔案太老)

Failed data checks in memory(記憶體檢索失敗)

Hardware,memory,or I/O errors(硬體、記憶體或者磁碟錯誤)

Incorrectly restored files(錯誤的重建檔案)

ORA-03113:end-of-file on communication channel

產生原因:通訊不正常結束,從而導致通訊通道終止

解決方案:1>.檢查是否有服進程不正常死機,可從alert.log得知

2>.檢查sql*Net Driver是否串連到ORACLE可執行程式

3>.檢查伺服器網路是否正常,如網路不通或不穩定等

4>.檢查同一個網上是否有兩個同樣名字的節點

5>.檢查同一個網上是否有重複的IP地址

相應的英文如下:

Cause:An unexpected end-of-file was processed on the communication channel.The problem could not be
handled by the Net8,two task,software.This message could occur if the shadow two-task process associated
with a Net8 connect has terminated abnormally,or if there is a physical failure of the interprocess
communication vehicle,that is,the network or server machine went down.

Action:If this message occurs during a commection attempt,check the setup files for the appropriate Net8
driver and confirm Net8 software is correctly installed on the server.If the message occurs after a
connection is well established,and the error is not due to a physical failure,check if a trace file was
generated on the server at failure time.Existence of a trace file may suggest an Oracle internal error
that requires the assistance of customer support.

ORA-00942:table or view does not exist

產生原因:這是由於裝載的表或視圖不存在,多半是CATEXP.SQL還沒有運行,無法執行Export視圖,如果CATEXP.SQL已經運
行,則可能是版本錯誤。

解決方案:因為Import和Export共用的一些視圖是通過運行CATEXP.SQL來裝載的(它們具有相同的視圖),並不產生單獨
的CATEXP.SQL,因而造成視圖與Export代碼不同步,較難保持彼此之間的相容,使用者就必須建立自己的Export應用,從而
避免ORA-00942的錯誤。

相應的英文如下:

Cause:The table or view entered does not exist,a synonym that is jnot allowed here was used,or a view was
referenced where a table is required.Existing user tables and views can be listed by querying the data
dictionary.Certain privileges may required to access the table.If an application returned this message,the
table the application tried to access does not exist in the database,or the application does not have
access to it.

Action:Check each of the following:

The spelling of the table or view name.

That a view is not specified where a table is required

That an existing table or view name exists.

Contact the database administrator if the table needs to be created or if user or application priviledes
are required to access the table.

Also, if attempting to access a table or view in another schema,make certain thecorrect schema is
referenced and that access to the object is granted.

ORA-01598:rollback segment “name” is not online

Cause:The rollback segment was taken offline either manually or by SMON.

Action:Check the status of the rollback segment in DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS.

ORA-1636: rollback segment “name” is already online

Cause:A rollback segment can only be used by one instance and an instance is trying to bring a rollback
segment online that is already in use.

Action:Check that the values set in the initialization parameter file for parameters
ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS,ROLLBACK_SEGMENT_INITIAL,a

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正在看的ORACLE教程是:ORACLE常見錯誤碼的分析與解決(三)。nd ROLLBACK_SEGMENT_COUNT are correctly set for the instance
whiththe problem,Also check that the instance is using the correct initialization parameter file.Make sure
you are not confused about the difference between private and public rollback segments.See the Oracle8
Server Administrator's Guide for more information about using rollback segments in paraller mode.

上述錯誤均為我們在使用復原段時比較常見的問題,ORA-01598指明當前使用的復原段的狀態為“not online”,不能使
用,將它改為“online”狀態即可使用;ORA-01636指明當前復原段已經為“online”狀態,可以直接使用,不用再集合
它。

ORA-1636 signalled during: alter rollback segment rb00 online

我們在做統計時還可能遇到下述問題:一個rollback segment的狀態為”Needs Recovery”的現象,這是由於ORACLE回退
一個事物表中的沒有提交的事物時失敗所造成的。通常原因為一個datafile或者tablespace是在offline的狀態或者一個
undo的目標被破壞或者rollback segment被破壞。解決的辦法是將所有的tablespace和datafile都置為online狀態,如果
不能解決則做下面的工作:1>.在initsid.ora中加入event=”10015 trace name context forever lever
10”;2>.shutdown資料庫然後重啟;3>.在$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/log下,找到startup時產生的trace file;4>.在trace檔案
中,找到下列資訊“error recovery tx(#,#) object #”;5>.根據object#(與sys.dba_objects表中的object_id相同)在
sys.dba_objects表中查出該object的名字;6>.將該object drop掉;7>.在init.ora檔案中將該rollback segment放回
rollback_segments參數中,刪除event;8>.shutdown資料庫然後重啟。此時”Needs Recovery”的問題應該是完全解決
了,否則就是rollback segment被破壞了。

ORA-01688:unable to extend table name.name partition NAME by NUM in tablespace NAME

產生原因:指定的tablespace空間已經被佔用滿,無法擴充。

解決方案:使用“ALTER TABLESPACE ADD DATAFILE”命令增加檔案系統檔案和原始分區,或者增加INITIAL的大小(如:
alter tablespace CDRS101 default storage(next 500M pctincrease 1))應該能夠解決,否則就是有人使用你的資料表空間
上建立了一個比較大的資料檔案導致你的資料表空間不夠用。

一個報錯例子如下:

ORA-1688: unable to extend table RMMCDR.LOCAL_CDR partition LOCAL_CDR101 by 460800 in tablespace CDRS101

相應的英文如下:

Cause:An extent could not be allocated for a table segment in tablespace

Action:Use the ALTER TABLESPACE ADD DATAFILE statement to add one or more files to the specified tablespace

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