Android電池電量更新 – BatteryService

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上載者:User

電池的資訊,電壓,溫度,充電狀態等等,都是由BatteryService來提供的。BatteryService是跑在system_process當中,在系統初始化的時候啟動,如下

     在SystemServer.java中可以看到啟動BatteryService的代碼:

          Log.i(TAG, "Starting Battery Service.");         BatteryService battery = new BatteryService(context);         ServiceManager.addService("battery", battery);

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1. 資料來源

        BatteryService通過JNI(com_android_server_BatteryService.cpp)讀取資料。BatteryService通過JNI註冊的不僅有函數,還有變數。 如下:

    //##############在BatteryService.java中聲明的變數################

    private boolean mAcOnline;     private boolean mUsbOnline;     private int mBatteryStatus;     private int mBatteryHealth;     private boolean mBatteryPresent;     private int mBatteryLevel;     private int mBatteryVoltage;     private int mBatteryTemperature;     private String mBatteryTechnology;

    //在BatteryService.java中聲明的變數,在com_android_server_BatteryService.cpp中共用,即在com_android_server_BatteryService.cpp中其實操作的也是BatteryService.java中聲明的變數

   gFieldIds.mAcOnline = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mAcOnline", "Z");    gFieldIds.mUsbOnline = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mUsbOnline", "Z");    gFieldIds.mBatteryStatus = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryStatus", "I");    gFieldIds.mBatteryHealth = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryHealth", "I");    gFieldIds.mBatteryPresent = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryPresent", "Z");    gFieldIds.mBatteryLevel = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryLevel", "I");    gFieldIds.mBatteryTechnology = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryTechnology", "Ljava/lang/String;");    gFieldIds.mBatteryVoltage = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryVoltage", "I");    gFieldIds.mBatteryTemperature = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryTemperature", "I");

    //上面這些變數的值,對應是從下面的檔案中讀取的,一隻檔案儲存體一個數值。

   

    #define AC_ONLINE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/ac/online"     #define USB_ONLINE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/usb/online"     #define BATTERY_STATUS_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/status"     #define BATTERY_HEALTH_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/health"     #define BATTERY_PRESENT_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/present"     #define BATTERY_CAPACITY_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/capacity"     #define BATTERY_VOLTAGE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/batt_vol"     #define BATTERY_TEMPERATURE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/batt_temp"     #define BATTERY_TECHNOLOGY_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/technology"

    Android是運行在Linux核心上面的,/sys/class/power_supply亦是Linux核心下面的目錄。至於這些檔案時怎麼產生的,則是由Platform來控制的。

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2. 資料傳送

        電池的這些資訊是通過何種方式,被其他應用所獲得的。可以想到的有兩種方式,第一種,應用主動從BatteryService獲得資料;第二種,BatteryService主動把資料傳送給所關心的應用程式。

       BatteryService採用的是第二種方式,所有的電池的資訊資料是通過Intent傳送出去的。在BatteryService.java中,Code如下:

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED); intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY); intent.putExtra("status", mBatteryStatus); intent.putExtra("health", mBatteryHealth); intent.putExtra("present", mBatteryPresent); intent.putExtra("level", mBatteryLevel); intent.putExtra("scale", BATTERY_SCALE); intent.putExtra("icon-small", icon); intent.putExtra("plugged", mPlugType); intent.putExtra("voltage", mBatteryVoltage); intent.putExtra("temperature", mBatteryTemperature); intent.putExtra("technology", mBatteryTechnology); ActivityManagerNative.broadcastStickyIntent(intent, null);

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3. 資料接收

    應用如果想要接收到BatteryService發送出來的電池資訊,則需要註冊一個Intent為Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED的BroadcastReceiver。

    註冊方法如下:

      IntentFilter mIntentFilter = new IntentFilter();       mIntentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED);       registerReceiver(mIntentReceiver, mIntentFilter);      private BroadcastReceiver mIntentReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {              @Override              public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub                      String action = intent.getAction();                      if (action.equals(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED)) {                            int nVoltage = intent.getIntExtra("voltage", 0);                            if(nVoltage!=0){                                           mVoltage.setText("V: " + nVoltage + "mV - Success...");                           }                             else{                                    mVoltage.setText("V: " + nVoltage + "mV - fail...");                             }                    }                  }          };

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4. 資料更新

         電池的資訊會隨著時間不停變化,自然地,就需要考慮如何即時的更新電池的資料資訊。在BatteryService啟動的時候,會同時通過UEventObserver啟動一個onUEvent Thread。

        每一個Process最多隻能有一個onUEvent Thread,即使這個Process中有多個UEventObserver的執行個體。當在一個Process中,第一次Call startObserving()方法後,這個UEvent thread就啟動了。

而一旦這個UEvent thread啟動之後,就不會停止。

     //在BatteryService.java中 

     mUEventObserver.startObserving("SUBSYSTEM=power_supply");     private UEventObserver mUEventObserver = new UEventObserver() {         @Override         public void onUEvent(UEventObserver.UEvent event) {             update();         }      };

     在UEvent thread中會不停調用 update()方法,來更新電池的資訊資料。

 

原文地址:http://hi.baidu.com/maoxiaofei_2009/blog/item/39f147894b162518c8fc7a97.html

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