Android:藍芽4.0-BLE-小結=1.0

標籤：程式設計語言   藍芽   android   

需求:BLE串連和通訊(目前做到-裝置開啟-搜尋裝置-串連裝置)資源:來自網路的一些Demo和官方文檔

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1-BLE是Android4.3版本以上才提供的API- 一些概念性的東西還是有必要瞭解一下
目前Android真機只能接受和控制產品-也就是client端-server端目前只能是產品-而蘋果方面貌似手機可以作為接收端也可以作為發送端-
基本概念就是中央和周邊--手機作為中央--產品作為周邊--而兩者通過BLE進行串連--
我是這麼理解資訊傳遞的--GATT協議中是以ATT作為基礎的--他們包含的資訊集合是Server -- server裡面可以有很多的characti...而每一個特徵就是我們需要的固定資訊
如果理解有不當的地方可以指出來--畢竟我對於這一塊的理解和認知也才幾天-

2-下面進入正式的講解分段吧
APP的許可權問題==調用藍牙裝置需要聲明的許可權==

<span style="font-size:14px;"><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /></span>

==有時候我們的APP的各部分功能的實現是以藍芽為基礎的  那麼我們需要說明該裝置僅藍芽適用==

<span style="font-size:14px;"><uses-feature        android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le"        android:required="true" /></span>

3-建立一個新的工程-TestBlueTooth

貼出MainActivity.java的代碼

package com.example.testbluetooth;import java.util.ArrayList;import android.app.Activity;import android.app.ListActivity;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.util.Log;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.BaseAdapter;import android.widget.ListView;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends ListActivity {private final static String TAG = "BlueToohth_Test";private LeDeviceListAdapter mLeDeviceListAdapter;private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;private boolean mScanning;private Handler mHandler;private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;// Stops scanning after 10 seconds.private static final long SCAN_PERIOD = 10000;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);getActionBar().setTitle(R.string.title_devices);mHandler = new Handler();// 判斷是否支援BLELog.i(TAG, "wheter_support_BLE");if (!getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH_LE)) {Toast.makeText(this, R.string.ble_not_supported, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();finish();}Log.i(TAG, "get_about_BLE_API");final BluetoothManager bluetoothManager =                (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);        mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();                if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {            Toast.makeText(this, R.string.error_bluetooth_not_supported, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            finish();            return;        }}@Overrideprotected void onResume() {super.onResume();//進行藍芽串連的判斷// Ensures Bluetooth is enabled on the device. If Bluetooth is notLog.i(TAG, "connect_ble");if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);}}// Initializes list view adapter.mLeDeviceListAdapter = new LeDeviceListAdapter();setListAdapter(mLeDeviceListAdapter);scanLeDevice(true);}/** * 對搜尋到的藍牙裝置進行現實 * 裝置每一次進行掃描並且獲得裝置會進行一個提示重新整理-通過notifyDataSetChange方法 * @author Admin *  */private class LeDeviceListAdapter extends BaseAdapter {private ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> mLeDevices;private LayoutInflater mInflator;public LeDeviceListAdapter() {super();mLeDevices = new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();mInflator = MainActivity.this.getLayoutInflater();}//添加裝置進列表中public void addDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {if (!mLeDevices.contains(device)) {mLeDevices.add(device);}}//擷取子項中對應的裝置public BluetoothDevice getDevice(int position) {return mLeDevices.get(position);}//清空列表的資料public void clear() {mLeDevices.clear();}@Overridepublic int getCount() {return mLeDevices.size();}@Overridepublic Object getItem(int i) {return mLeDevices.get(i);}@Overridepublic long getItemId(int i) {return i;}@Overridepublic View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {ViewHolder viewHolder;// General ListView optimization code.if (view == null) {view = mInflator.inflate(R.layout.listitem_device, null);viewHolder = new ViewHolder();viewHolder.deviceAddress = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.device_address);viewHolder.deviceName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.device_name);view.setTag(viewHolder);} else {viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();}//對應的裝置進行處理BluetoothDevice device = mLeDevices.get(i);final String deviceName = device.getName();if (deviceName != null && deviceName.length() > 0)viewHolder.deviceName.setText(deviceName);elseviewHolder.deviceName.setText(R.string.unknown_device);viewHolder.deviceAddress.setText(device.getAddress());return view;}}static class ViewHolder {TextView deviceName;TextView deviceAddress;}/** * 掃描裝置 * @param enable */private void scanLeDevice(final boolean enable) {        if (enable) {            // Stops scanning after a pre-defined scan period.            mHandler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {                @Override                public void run() {                    mScanning = false;                    mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);                    invalidateOptionsMenu();                }            }, SCAN_PERIOD);            mScanning = true;            mBluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(mLeScanCallback);        } else {            mScanning = false;            mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);        }        invalidateOptionsMenu();//更新功能表列的資訊    }// 掃描到的藍牙裝置的響應設定    private BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback mLeScanCallback =            new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {        @Override        public void onLeScan(final BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                @Override                public void run() {                    mLeDeviceListAdapter.addDevice(device);                    mLeDeviceListAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                }            });        }    };         @Override    protected void onPause() {        super.onPause();        scanLeDevice(false);        mLeDeviceListAdapter.clear();    }    //掃描和暫停選項    @Override    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);        if (!mScanning) {            menu.findItem(R.id.menu_stop).setVisible(false);            menu.findItem(R.id.menu_scan).setVisible(true);            menu.findItem(R.id.menu_refresh).setActionView(null);        } else {            menu.findItem(R.id.menu_stop).setVisible(true);            menu.findItem(R.id.menu_scan).setVisible(false);            menu.findItem(R.id.menu_refresh).setActionView(                    R.layout.actionbar_indeterminate_progress);        }        return true;    }        //點擊事件    @Override    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {        switch (item.getItemId()) {            case R.id.menu_scan:                mLeDeviceListAdapter.clear();                scanLeDevice(true);                break;            case R.id.menu_stop:                scanLeDevice(false);                break;        }        return true;    }            /* 對每個子項進行事件的監聽     * @see android.app.ListActivity#onListItemClick(android.widget.ListView, android.view.View, int, long)     */    @Override    protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {        final BluetoothDevice device = mLeDeviceListAdapter.getDevice(position);        if (device == null) return;        final Intent intent = new Intent(this, DeviceControlActivity.class);        intent.putExtra(DeviceControlActivity.EXTRAS_DEVICE_NAME, device.getName());        intent.putExtra(DeviceControlActivity.EXTRAS_DEVICE_ADDRESS, device.getAddress());        if (mScanning) {            mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);            mScanning = false;        }        startActivity(intent);    }        @Override    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {        // User chose not to enable Bluetooth.        if (requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_BT && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_CANCELED) {            finish();            return;        }        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);    }}

3.1-貼出---listitem_device.xml

</pre><pre name="code" class="java"><pre name="code" class="html"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"              android:orientation="vertical"              android:layout_width="match_parent"              android:layout_height="wrap_content">    <TextView android:id="@+id/device_name"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:textSize="24dp"/>    <TextView android:id="@+id/device_address"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:textSize="12dp"/></LinearLayout>

未完待續