Android開發學習之路--Notification之初體驗

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    一般當我們收到簡訊啊，啊，或者有些app的提醒。我們都會在通知欄收到一天簡單的訊息，然後點擊訊息進入到app裡面，事實上android中有專門的Notification的類能夠完畢這個工作，這裡就實現下這個功能。

    首先建立NotificationTestproject，然後加入一個button，用來觸發通知。然後編寫代碼例如以下：

package com.example.jared.notificationtest;import android.app.NotificationManager;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private Button sendNotificationBtn;    private int mId = 1;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        sendNotificationBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.sendNotification);        sendNotificationBtn.setOnClickListener(new myOnClickListener());    }    private class myOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener {        @Override        public void onClick(View view) {            switch (view.getId()) {                case R.id.sendNotification:                    setSendNotificationBtn();                    break;                default:                    break;            }        }    }    public void setSendNotificationBtn () {        NotificationCompat.Builder notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)                .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)                .setContentTitle("My Notification")                .setContentText("Hello Notification");        NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);        manager.notify(mId, notification.build());    }}

    這裡了用了NotificatonCompat.Builder來建立一個簡單的Notification，setSmallIcon是指定當中的表徵圖，setContentTitle方法是指定標題，setContentText指定內容，然後通過getSystemService擷取通知的管理類，通過notify方法發送通知，當中mId是一個id號，每個通知有其獨特的通知號。不能反覆。

    執行效果例如以下所看到的：

    接著我們來實現點擊通知後跳轉到相應的Activity中，然後消除這條通知。再建立一個Activity，布局例如以下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?
><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    tools:context="com.example.jared.notificationtest.Notification">    <TextView        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="歡迎點擊通知事件!"        android:layout_margin="20dp"        android:textSize="20dp"/></LinearLayout>

    這裡就一個textview用來顯示下資訊，接著編寫代碼例如以下：

package com.example.jared.notificationtest;import android.app.NotificationManager;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;public class Notification extends AppCompatActivity {    private int mId = 1;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_notification);        NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);        manager.cancel(mId);    }}

    這裡進入到Activity後就把通知清除掉，接著就是改動MainActivity代碼：

package com.example.jared.notificationtest;import android.app.NotificationManager;import android.app.PendingIntent;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private Button sendNotificationBtn;    private int mId = 1;    private int numMessage = 0;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        sendNotificationBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.sendNotification);        sendNotificationBtn.setOnClickListener(new myOnClickListener());    }    private class myOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener {        @Override        public void onClick(View view) {            switch (view.getId()) {                case R.id.sendNotification:                    setSendNotificationBtn();                    break;                default:                    break;            }        }    }    public void setSendNotificationBtn () {        NotificationCompat.Builder notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)                .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)                .setContentTitle("My Notification")                .setContentText("Hello Notification")                .setNumber(++numMessage);        Intent intent = new Intent(this, Notification.class);        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent,                PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);        notification.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);        NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);        manager.notify(mId, notification.build());    }}

    這裡又加入了setNumber方法。主要是顯示來了幾條通知，比方中就須要知道，然後執行個體化了一個intent。再執行個體化一個pendingIntent。擷取activity，在NotificationCompat.Builder裡setContentIntent。之後就能夠達到我們的效果，執行並點擊通知例如以下所看到的：

watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center" width="200" height="350" >       

    如上所看到的收到了6條通知，然後點擊後通知也消除了。

    一般在下載歌曲啊。圖片啊的時候。會有進度條表示下載的過程，這裡來類比實現下這個功能。改動MainAcitivy代碼例如以下：

package com.example.jared.notificationtest;import android.app.NotificationManager;import android.app.PendingIntent;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";    private Button sendNotificationBtn;    private int mId = 1;    private int numMessage = 0;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        sendNotificationBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.sendNotification);        sendNotificationBtn.setOnClickListener(new myOnClickListener());    }    private class myOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener {        @Override        public void onClick(View view) {            switch (view.getId()) {                case R.id.sendNotification:                    setSendNotificationBtn();                    break;                default:                    break;            }        }    }    public void setSendNotificationBtn () {         final NotificationCompat.Builder notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)                .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)                .setContentTitle("Music Download")                .setContentText("burning.mp3")                .setNumber(++numMessage);        Intent intent = new Intent(this, Notification.class);        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent,                PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);        notification.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);        final NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);        new Thread(                new Runnable(){                    @Override                    public void run() {                        for(int cnt=0; cnt<=100; cnt++){                            notification.setProgress(100, cnt, false);                            manager.notify(mId, notification.build());                            try {                                Thread.sleep(200);                            } catch (InterruptedException e) {                                Log.d(TAG, "Sleep failure");                            }                        }                        notification.setContentText("Download complete");                        notification.setProgress(0, 0, false);                        manager.notify(mId, notification.build());                    }                }        ).start();    }}

    這裡通過setProgress方法來實現，這裡開了一個Thread，當下載完畢後又一次設定下內容。

執行結果例如以下：

watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center" width="200" height="350" >     

    圖1顯示運行進度條在走，圖2完畢了下載功能。

    一般收到通知，手機都會有一段聲音。加上震動。那麼接下來來實現這個功能。，假設下載完畢後，就放一段音樂而且震動，改動代碼例如以下：

package com.example.jared.notificationtest;import android.app.NotificationManager;import android.app.PendingIntent;import android.content.Intent;import android.net.Uri;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import java.io.File;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";    private Button sendNotificationBtn;    private int mId = 1;    private int numMessage = 0;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        sendNotificationBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.sendNotification);        sendNotificationBtn.setOnClickListener(new myOnClickListener());    }    private class myOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener {        @Override        public void onClick(View view) {            switch (view.getId()) {                case R.id.sendNotification:                    setSendNotificationBtn();                    break;                default:                    break;            }        }    }    public void setSendNotificationBtn () {         final NotificationCompat.Builder notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)                .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)                .setContentTitle("Music Download")                .setContentText("burning.mp3")                .setNumber(++numMessage);        Intent intent = new Intent(this, Notification.class);        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent,                PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);        notification.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);        final NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);        new Thread(                new Runnable(){                    @Override                    public void run() {                        for(int cnt=0; cnt<=100; cnt++){                            notification.setProgress(100, cnt, false);                            manager.notify(mId, notification.build());                            try {                                Thread.sleep(100);                            } catch (InterruptedException e) {                                Log.d(TAG, "Sleep failure");                            }                        }                        notification.setContentText("Download complete");                        notification.setProgress(0, 0, false);                        Uri soundUri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/system/media/audio/animationsounds/bootSound.ogg"));                        notification.setSound(soundUri);                        long[] vibrates = {0, 1000, 1000, 1000};                        notification.setVibrate(vibrates);                        manager.notify(mId, notification.build());                    }                }        ).start();    }}

    這裡加上了setSound和setVibrate方法，而且須要在AndroidManifest中加入許可權：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE"/>

    這裡的歌曲名是通過adb shell查看系統的存在的音樂：

    下載到手機執行後就能夠觀察效果。

      當然還能夠控制led燈，不知為啥led燈的效果一直沒有，網上翻閱非常多資料也沒找到問題所在，若有朋友知道。麻煩告知一二不甚感激。

 notification.setSound(RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION));                        long[] vibrates = {0, 1000, 1000, 1000};                        notification.setVibrate(vibrates);                        notification.setLights(Color.GREEN, 1000, 1000);

    關於Notification基本上就學到這裡了。

Android開發學習之路--Notification之初體驗